{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396619829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","title":"Harmful compared to what? The problem of gaming and ambiguous causal questions","display_name":"Harmful compared to what? The problem of gaming and ambiguous causal questions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396619829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38698562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/add.16516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/add.16516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70513841","display_name":"Addiction","issn_l":"0965-2140","issn":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/add.16516","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014616454","display_name":"Kristoffer Magnusson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-0556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-0556"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140508470","display_name":"Sophiahemmet University College","ror":"https://ror.org/01aem0w72","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140508470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801939835","display_name":"Region Stockholm","ror":"https://ror.org/02zrae794","country_code":"SE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135665","display_name":"Stockholm Health Care Services","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5f4w73","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835","https://openalex.org/I4210135665"]}],"countries":["GB","SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kristoffer Magnusson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Solna, Sweden","Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford  Oxford United Kingdom","Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-0556","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Solna, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835","https://openalex.org/I28166907","https://openalex.org/I4210135665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford  Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140508470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030529034","display_name":"Fred Johansson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9717-0935","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9717-0935"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140508470","display_name":"Sophiahemmet University College","ror":"https://ror.org/01aem0w72","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140508470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801939835","display_name":"Region Stockholm","ror":"https://ror.org/02zrae794","country_code":"SE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135665","display_name":"Stockholm Health Care Services","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5f4w73","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835","https://openalex.org/I4210135665"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred Johansson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Solna, Sweden","Department of Health Promotion Science Sophiahemmet University Stockholm Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9717-0935","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Solna, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801939835","https://openalex.org/I28166907","https://openalex.org/I4210135665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion Science Sophiahemmet University Stockholm Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140508470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001784982","display_name":"Andrew K Przybylski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-2185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-2185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140508470","display_name":"Sophiahemmet University College","ror":"https://ror.org/01aem0w72","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140508470"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew K. Przybylski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford  Oxford United Kingdom","Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford  Oxford United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Promotion Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140508470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014616454"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140508470","https://openalex.org/I2801939835","https://openalex.org/I28166907","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210135665"],"apc_list":{"value":4380,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4380},"apc_paid":{"value":4380,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4380},"fwci":8.4711,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97726185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"119","issue":"8","first_page":"1478","last_page":"1486"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.4629000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.4629000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.18369999527931213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.08309999853372574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-playing","display_name":"video gaming","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"causal inference","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"mental health","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparison-of-interventions","display_name":"intervention comparison","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-interventions","display_name":"health interventions","score":0.38600000739097595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.8727248907089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.7876020669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.6855834126472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.6594991683959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6325792074203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.5392569303512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5341516733169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5037550330162048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4693875014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116860108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054575","display_name":"Causal theory of reference","level":2,"score":0.44278615713119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32486405968666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2550532817840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24116602540016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.10674437880516052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008603","descriptor_name":"Mental Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016739","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Addictive","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018910","descriptor_name":"Video Games","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/add.16516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/add.16516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70513841","display_name":"Addiction","issn_l":"0965-2140","issn":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/qruhx","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qruhx","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qruhx","pdf_url":"https://psyarxiv.com/qruhx/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:38698562","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38698562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction (Abingdon, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:shh-5358","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-5358","pdf_url":"https://shh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1871399/FULLTEXT01","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:60123a74-af42-4b5a-a23e-01ec81ab7dd0","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:60123a74-af42-4b5a-a23e-01ec81ab7dd0","pdf_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:60123a74-af42-4b5a-a23e-01ec81ab7dd0/files/rp2676w831","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Jisc Publications Router","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:E00BD-7D3-9A7","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://osf.io/qfw23/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"project"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:E00C3-E8F-006","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://osf.io/qruhx/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:cc2cd98a-1728-4a5f-9c26-6816afae8d82","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/qruhx","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/add.16516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.16516","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/add.16516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70513841","display_name":"Addiction","issn_l":"0965-2140","issn":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Addiction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4250528776","display_name":"Understanding Video Game Play and Mental Health","funder_award_id":"ES/W012626/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5662133767","display_name":"Gaming, addiction, and health \u2013 what\u2019s actually the problem? An ecological momentary assessment study combined with objective behavioral data","funder_award_id":"2021-01284","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324004","funder_display_name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324004","display_name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","ror":"https://ror.org/02d290r06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335064","display_name":"Terveyden Tutkimuksen Toimikunta","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396619829.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396619829.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486683686","https://openalex.org/W1519668255","https://openalex.org/W1588056417","https://openalex.org/W1915876806","https://openalex.org/W1978108654","https://openalex.org/W1987524465","https://openalex.org/W1989630096","https://openalex.org/W2008417518","https://openalex.org/W2027260518","https://openalex.org/W2056150680","https://openalex.org/W2062148796","https://openalex.org/W2074100518","https://openalex.org/W2075757788","https://openalex.org/W2110758530","https://openalex.org/W2116610197","https://openalex.org/W2128984831","https://openalex.org/W2132917208","https://openalex.org/W2142894074","https://openalex.org/W2149723077","https://openalex.org/W2253380876","https://openalex.org/W2298338128","https://openalex.org/W2336678555","https://openalex.org/W2513845892","https://openalex.org/W2558831679","https://openalex.org/W2567335788","https://openalex.org/W2571311011","https://openalex.org/W2588289500","https://openalex.org/W2590102737","https://openalex.org/W2753269428","https://openalex.org/W2756543543","https://openalex.org/W2758552306","https://openalex.org/W2790477689","https://openalex.org/W2793076804","https://openalex.org/W2803929909","https://openalex.org/W2811319480","https://openalex.org/W2882971704","https://openalex.org/W2888100319","https://openalex.org/W2909001746","https://openalex.org/W2915319527","https://openalex.org/W2977547734","https://openalex.org/W2987291256","https://openalex.org/W2997345736","https://openalex.org/W3016830640","https://openalex.org/W3093863699","https://openalex.org/W3111044548","https://openalex.org/W3127081840","https://openalex.org/W3133825976","https://openalex.org/W3213465777","https://openalex.org/W3216148092","https://openalex.org/W4247665917","https://openalex.org/W4253509212","https://openalex.org/W4281679501","https://openalex.org/W4288047061","https://openalex.org/W4293577222","https://openalex.org/W4300588085","https://openalex.org/W4307299153","https://openalex.org/W4313441376","https://openalex.org/W7074132606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410093638","https://openalex.org/W4232393979","https://openalex.org/W2290809570","https://openalex.org/W4235280571","https://openalex.org/W4307374080","https://openalex.org/W7202374285","https://openalex.org/W4301036060","https://openalex.org/W4401694598","https://openalex.org/W4288047061","https://openalex.org/W1998902039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND":[0],"AND":[1],"AIMS:":[2],"There":[3],"has":[4,48],"been":[5],"much":[6],"concern":[7],"regarding":[8],"potential":[9],"harmful":[10],"effects":[11,37,107,129],"of":[12,38,65,108,116,123,130],"video":[13,39,90,100,131],"game-play":[14,40,132],"in":[15,23,81],"the":[16,31,63,113,128,155],"past":[17],"40":[18],"years,":[19],"but":[20,96],"limited":[21],"progress":[22],"understanding":[24],"its":[25],"causal":[26,36,52,66,106],"role.":[27],"This":[28],"paper":[29],"discusses":[30],"basic":[32],"requirements":[33],"for":[34],"identifying":[35],"and":[41,57],"argues":[42],"that":[43,71,78,143],"most":[44],"research":[45,126],"to":[46,89,136],"date":[47],"focused":[49],"upon":[50],"ambiguous":[51],"questions.":[53],"METHODS:":[54],"Video":[55],"games":[56,91,101,145],"mental":[58],"health":[59,140],"are":[60],"discussed":[61],"from":[62],"perspective":[64],"inference":[67],"with":[68,74,149],"compound":[69,110],"exposures;":[70],"is,":[72],"exposures":[73],"multiple":[75,93],"relevant":[76],"variants":[77],"affect":[79],"outcomes":[80],"different":[82,94],"ways.":[83],"RESULTS:":[84],"Not":[85],"only":[86],"does":[87],"exposure":[88,111],"encompass":[92],"factors,":[95],"also":[97],"not":[98],"playing":[99],"is":[102],"equally":[103],"ambiguous.":[104],"Estimating":[105],"a":[109,121],"introduces":[112],"additional":[114],"challenge":[115],"exposure-version":[117],"confounding.":[118],"CONCLUSIONS:":[119],"Without":[120],"comparison":[122],"well-defined":[124],"interventions,":[125],"investigating":[127],"will":[133],"be":[134,147],"difficult":[135],"translate":[137],"into":[138],"actionable":[139],"interventions.":[141],"Interventions":[142],"target":[144],"should":[146],"compared":[148],"other":[150],"interventions":[151],"aimed":[152],"at":[153],"improving":[154],"same":[156],"outcomes.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2024-05-04T00:00:00"}