{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396510177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","title":"African American English speakers\u2019 pitch variation and rate adjustments for imagined technological and human addressees","display_name":"African American English speakers\u2019 pitch variation and rate adjustments for imagined technological and human addressees","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396510177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1121/10.0025484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234889","display_name":"JASA Express Letters","issn_l":"2691-1191","issn":["2691-1191"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JASA Express Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021316813","display_name":"Michelle Cohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4847-1464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4847-1464"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Cohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Linguistics, University of California 2 , Davis, California 95616, USA","Google Research, Google, San Francisco 1 , California 94105, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4847-1464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, University of California 2 , Davis, California 95616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Google, San Francisco 1 , California 94105, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007417210","display_name":"Zion Mengesha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-7485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-7485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zion Mengesha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Linguistics, Stanford University 3 , Stanford, California 94305, USA","Google Research, Google, San Francisco 1 , California 94105, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, Stanford University 3 , Stanford, California 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Google, San Francisco 1 , California 94105, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015405498","display_name":"Michal Lahav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-221X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-221X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michal Lahav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, Google 4 , Seattle, Washington 98103, USA mdcohn@ucdavis.edu , zamengesha@stanford.edu , mlahav@google.com , cheldreth@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Google 4 , Seattle, Washington 98103, USA mdcohn@ucdavis.edu , zamengesha@stanford.edu , mlahav@google.com , cheldreth@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033168947","display_name":"Courtney M. Heldreth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7247","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7247"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Courtney Heldreth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research, Google 4 , Seattle, Washington 98103, USA mdcohn@ucdavis.edu , zamengesha@stanford.edu , mlahav@google.com , cheldreth@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research, Google 4 , Seattle, Washington 98103, USA mdcohn@ucdavis.edu , zamengesha@stanford.edu , mlahav@google.com , cheldreth@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015405498","https://openalex.org/A5033168947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96070288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.9067000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.9067000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.028599999845027924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.025499999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-english","display_name":"African American English","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pitch-variability","display_name":"pitch variation","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-rate","display_name":"speech rate","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-assistants","display_name":"voice assistants","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition-errors","display_name":"speech recognition errors","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-computer-interaction","display_name":"human-computer interaction","score":0.8529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.8885568380355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5077027082443237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.49866437911987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777939226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7976","display_name":"American English","level":2,"score":0.4930982291698456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993724205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315","display_name":"Human language","level":2,"score":0.4300094246864319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4069059491157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36375880241394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.32431691884994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013061","descriptor_name":"Speech Acoustics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1121/10.0025484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234889","display_name":"JASA Express Letters","issn_l":"2691-1191","issn":["2691-1191"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JASA Express Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38687585","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38687585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JASA express letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3ee05e2523a143fb9e1f1e3cf2068e55","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3ee05e2523a143fb9e1f1e3cf2068e55","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JASA Express Letters, Vol 4, Iss 4, Pp - (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1121/10.0025484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0025484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210234889","display_name":"JASA Express Letters","issn_l":"2691-1191","issn":["2691-1191"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JASA Express Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W631402183","https://openalex.org/W1556810297","https://openalex.org/W1951724000","https://openalex.org/W1980941837","https://openalex.org/W2009600140","https://openalex.org/W2034292400","https://openalex.org/W2036316985","https://openalex.org/W2041183923","https://openalex.org/W2079041169","https://openalex.org/W2117429367","https://openalex.org/W2125788823","https://openalex.org/W2126398838","https://openalex.org/W2141845152","https://openalex.org/W2142099338","https://openalex.org/W2302707036","https://openalex.org/W2400610291","https://openalex.org/W2488795459","https://openalex.org/W2500226311","https://openalex.org/W2566038347","https://openalex.org/W2884225676","https://openalex.org/W2896158202","https://openalex.org/W2916800812","https://openalex.org/W2943686508","https://openalex.org/W2999123464","https://openalex.org/W3006245018","https://openalex.org/W3012624518","https://openalex.org/W3014881301","https://openalex.org/W3033728781","https://openalex.org/W3045497008","https://openalex.org/W3080456087","https://openalex.org/W3096755600","https://openalex.org/W3111911333","https://openalex.org/W3116672456","https://openalex.org/W3153999239","https://openalex.org/W3161613172","https://openalex.org/W3191156233","https://openalex.org/W3210961004","https://openalex.org/W3215236363","https://openalex.org/W4200151393","https://openalex.org/W4220768506","https://openalex.org/W4225163270","https://openalex.org/W4225552369","https://openalex.org/W4283161703","https://openalex.org/W4311404391","https://openalex.org/W4312391725","https://openalex.org/W4384010848","https://openalex.org/W4385822487","https://openalex.org/W4388156679"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3191156233","https://openalex.org/W3161613172","https://openalex.org/W2102816478","https://openalex.org/W6943797903","https://openalex.org/W4384010848","https://openalex.org/W4400285552","https://openalex.org/W2146295386","https://openalex.org/W4400380452","https://openalex.org/W4382982818","https://openalex.org/W6945586488"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,64],"examines":[2],"the":[3,69,85],"adaptations":[4],"African":[5],"American":[6],"English":[7],"speakers":[8,30],"make":[9],"when":[10,75],"imagining":[11],"talking":[12],"to":[13,18,24,44,81],"a":[14,19,25,66],"voice":[15],"assistant,":[16],"compared":[17],"close":[20],"friend/family":[21],"member":[22],"and":[23,34,79],"stranger.":[26],"Results":[27],"show":[28],"that":[29],"slowed":[31],"their":[32],"rate":[33],"produced":[35],"less":[36],"pitch":[37],"variation":[38],"in":[39,68],"voice-assistant-\"directed":[40],"speech\"":[41],"(DS),":[42],"relative":[43],"human-DS.":[45],"These":[46],"adjustments":[47],"were":[48],"not":[49],"mediated":[50],"by":[51],"how":[52],"often":[53],"participants":[54],"reported":[55],"experiencing":[56],"errors":[57],"with":[58],"automatic":[59],"speech":[60],"recognition.":[61],"Overall,":[62],"this":[63],"addresses":[65],"limitation":[67],"types":[70],"of":[71,84,87],"language":[72],"varieties":[73],"explored":[74],"examining":[76],"technology-DS":[77],"registers":[78],"contributes":[80],"our":[82],"understanding":[83],"dynamics":[86],"human-computer":[88],"interaction.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2024-05-01T00:00:00"}
