{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395083181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","title":"Spread-out Bragg peak measurements using a compact quality assurance range calorimeter at the Clatterbridge cancer centre","display_name":"Spread-out Bragg peak measurements using a compact quality assurance range calorimeter at the Clatterbridge cancer centre","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395083181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38657625"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101519769","display_name":"Saad Shaikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-5187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-5187"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saad Shaikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-5187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095858059","display_name":"Sonia Escribano-Rodriguez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonia Escribano-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076928279","display_name":"R. Radogna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-5038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-5038"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raffaella Radogna","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bari","Physics, University of Bari, Piazza Umberto I, Bari, Puglia, 70121, ITALY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics, University of Bari, Piazza Umberto I, Bari, Puglia, 70121, ITALY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004051862","display_name":"Laurent Kelleter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-9741","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-9741"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17937529","display_name":"German Cancer Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I17937529"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Kelleter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology","Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, 69120, GERMANY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg, 69120, GERMANY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17937529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095858060","display_name":"Connor Godden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Connor Godden","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Matthew Warren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Warren","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043185341","display_name":"D.J. Attree","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek Attree","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107117356","display_name":"Ruben Saakyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-789X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-789X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruben Saakyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095858061","display_name":"Linda Mortimer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3736-0451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3736-0451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I283776267","display_name":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05gcq4j10","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I283776267"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Mortimer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust","Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Clatterbridge Road, Wirral, CH63 4JY, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283776267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Clatterbridge Road, Wirral, CH63 4JY, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283776267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042321830","display_name":"Peter Corlett","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I283776267","display_name":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/05gcq4j10","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I283776267"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Corlett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust","Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Clatterbridge Road, Wirral, CH63 4JY, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283776267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Clatterbridge Road, Wirral, CH63 4JY, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I283776267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079292018","display_name":"Alison J. Warry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289784979","display_name":"University College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340918713","display_name":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/042fqyp44","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alison Warry","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andrew Gosling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289784979","display_name":"University College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340918713","display_name":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/042fqyp44","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Gosling","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Colin Baker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289784979","display_name":"University College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340918713","display_name":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/042fqyp44","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033570978","display_name":"Andrew Poynter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289784979","display_name":"University College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340918713","display_name":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/042fqyp44","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Poynter","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289784979","https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Proton Beam Therapy Physics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067110941","display_name":"Andrzej Kacperek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-2924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-2924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrzej Kacperek","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009827531","display_name":"S. Jolly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-0732","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-0732","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6301-4062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Jolly","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London","Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-0732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101519769"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":3165,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3165},"apc_paid":{"value":3165,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3165},"fwci":1.0593,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70649501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"11","first_page":"115015","last_page":"115015"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.01209999993443489,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-therapy","display_name":"proton therapy","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-out-bragg-peak","display_name":"spread-out Bragg peak","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-assurance","display_name":"quality assurance","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scintillation-detectors","display_name":"scintillation detectors","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-proton-therapy","display_name":"ocular proton therapy","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-quenching","display_name":"light quenching","score":0.7789999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.7671434283256531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6514927744865417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18073261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1722586","display_name":"Calorimeter (particle physics)","level":3,"score":0.6019226312637329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4987449645996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780944729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897227","display_name":"Bragg peak","level":3,"score":0.4620487093925476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4388667047023773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.38638782501220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.37376153469085693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.36218786239624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3230590224266052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20164752006530762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.060897380113601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778618615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008393","display_name":"External quality assessment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002151","descriptor_name":"Calorimetry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011786","descriptor_name":"Quality Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061766","descriptor_name":"Proton Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38657625","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38657625","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in medicine and biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10192844","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10192844/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10192844/1/Shaikh_2024.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology , 69 (11) , Article 115015. (2024)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniba.it:11586/587022","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11586/587022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196296","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","host_organization_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ad42fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20241394","display_name":"Physics in Medicine and Biology","issn_l":"0031-9155","issn":["0031-9155","1361-6560"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics in Medicine &amp; Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2884976576","display_name":"Detector development for proton beam therapy quality assurance","funder_award_id":"2320176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334632","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Facilities Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3780927256","display_name":"Quality Assurance Range Calorimeter for Proton Beam Therapy","funder_award_id":"ST/V001183/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334632","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Facilities Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334632","display_name":"Science and Technology Facilities Council","ror":"https://ror.org/057g20z61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4395083181.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4395083181.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971220567","https://openalex.org/W1973534257","https://openalex.org/W1983869432","https://openalex.org/W1988673066","https://openalex.org/W2010478558","https://openalex.org/W2029728138","https://openalex.org/W2043603625","https://openalex.org/W2057920553","https://openalex.org/W2059340712","https://openalex.org/W2073726640","https://openalex.org/W2096992702","https://openalex.org/W2127995590","https://openalex.org/W2148268452","https://openalex.org/W2151904901","https://openalex.org/W2179486615","https://openalex.org/W2267948239","https://openalex.org/W2470315766","https://openalex.org/W2478648584","https://openalex.org/W2529547967","https://openalex.org/W2581775270","https://openalex.org/W2623538924","https://openalex.org/W2793342412","https://openalex.org/W2934622323","https://openalex.org/W2942568269","https://openalex.org/W2946043171","https://openalex.org/W2952158963","https://openalex.org/W3000816585","https://openalex.org/W3008807614","https://openalex.org/W3026439661","https://openalex.org/W3030683835","https://openalex.org/W3059926747","https://openalex.org/W3087214627","https://openalex.org/W3100220545","https://openalex.org/W3206444037","https://openalex.org/W3211721438","https://openalex.org/W4200200060","https://openalex.org/W4214619076","https://openalex.org/W4242946977","https://openalex.org/W4281253239","https://openalex.org/W4309512170","https://openalex.org/W4311200312","https://openalex.org/W6721280274","https://openalex.org/W6944287932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416450004","https://openalex.org/W7014752586","https://openalex.org/W2894584312","https://openalex.org/W7071632378","https://openalex.org/W3137142057","https://openalex.org/W2800746726","https://openalex.org/W2542295421","https://openalex.org/W2739727583","https://openalex.org/W964428383","https://openalex.org/W7213278802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objective.":[1],"The":[2,102,126,215],"superior":[3],"dose":[4],"conformity":[5],"provided":[6],"by":[7,121],"proton":[8,38,59,65,166,175,232],"therapy":[9,66],"relative":[10],"to":[11,22,33,138,147,173,178,190,203,237],"conventional":[12],"x-ray":[13],"radiotherapy":[14],"necessitates":[15],"more":[16],"rigorous":[17],"quality":[18,78],"assurance":[19,79],"(QA)":[20],"procedures":[21],"ensure":[23],"optimal":[24],"patient":[25],"safety.":[26],"Practically":[27],"however,":[28],"time-constraints":[29],"prevent":[30],"comprehensive":[31],"measurements":[32,62],"be":[34],"made":[35],"of":[36,95,107,124,161,197,208,221,241],"the":[37,77,84,93,139,162,170,198,222,225,239],"range":[39,60,80,212,217,233],"in":[40,45,89,131],"water:":[41],"a":[42,73,105,122,132,142,191,227],"key":[43],"parameter":[44],"ensuring":[46],"accurate":[47,57,177],"treatment":[48],"delivery.":[49],"Approach.":[50],"A":[51,194],"novel":[52],"scintillator-based":[53],"device":[54,226],"for":[55,63,92,154,230],"fast,":[56],"water-equivalent":[58],"QA":[61,183],"ocular":[64,231],"is":[67,129,248],"presented.":[68],"Experiments":[69],"were":[70],"conducted":[71],"using":[72],"compact":[74],"detector":[75,127],"prototype,":[76],"calorimeter":[81],"(QuARC),":[82],"at":[83,244],"Clatterbridge":[85],"cancer":[86],"centre":[87],"(CCC)":[88],"Wirral,":[90],"UK":[91],"measurement":[94,184],"pristine":[96,163],"and":[97,141,152,181,219],"spread-out":[98],"Bragg":[99,167],"peaks":[100],"(SOBPs).":[101],"QuARC":[103,171,223],"uses":[104],"series":[106,123],"14":[108],"optically-isolated":[109],"100":[110,112],"\u00d7":[111,113],"2.85":[114],"mm":[115,180],"polystyrene":[116],"scintillator":[117,155],"sheets,":[118],"read":[119],"out":[120],"photodiodes.":[125],"system":[128],"housed":[130],"custom":[133],"3D-printed":[134],"enclosure":[135],"mounted":[136],"directly":[137],"nozzle":[140],"numerical":[143],"model":[144,200],"was":[145,201],"used":[146],"fit":[148,205],"measured":[149],"depth-light":[150,206],"curves":[151,207],"correct":[153],"light":[156],"quenching.":[157],"Main":[158],"results.":[159],"Measurements":[160],"60":[164],"MeV":[165],"curve":[168],"found":[169],"able":[172],"measure":[174],"ranges":[176],"0.2":[179],"reduced":[182],"times":[185],"from":[186],"several":[187],"minutes":[188],"down":[189],"few":[192],"seconds.":[193],"new":[195],"framework":[196],"quenching":[199],"deployed":[202],"successfully":[204],"SOBPs":[209],"with":[210],"similar":[211],"accuracy.":[213],"Significance.":[214],"speed,":[216],"accuracy":[218],"simplicity":[220],"make":[224],"promising":[228],"candidate":[229],"QA.":[234],"Further":[235],"work":[236],"investigate":[238],"performance":[240],"SOBP":[242],"fitting":[243],"higher":[245],"energies/greater":[246],"depths":[247],"warranted.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2024-04-25T00:00:00"}
