{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394914293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","title":"Variation in US Hospital Policies Addressing Decisions to Withhold and Withdraw Life Sustaining Treatment","display_name":"Variation in US Hospital Policies Addressing Decisions to Withhold and Withdraw Life Sustaining Treatment","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394914293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","pdf_url":"http://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885392424001829/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135898356","display_name":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management","issn_l":"0885-3924","issn":["0885-3924","1873-6513"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885392424001829/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038003901","display_name":"Gina M. Piscitello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-4491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-4491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286207013","display_name":"George Washington University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00fwdyt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gina Piscitello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh","Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","The George Washington University Hospital","University of Chicago","University of Miami","University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","Washington Univer-sity"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The George Washington University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington Univer-sity","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008032797","display_name":"Patrick G. Lyons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-2787","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-2787"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286207013","display_name":"George Washington University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00fwdyt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick G. Lyons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon Health & Science University","Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","The George Washington University Hospital","University of Chicago","University of Miami","University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","Washington Univer-sity"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon Health & Science University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The George Washington University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington Univer-sity","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002523282","display_name":"Valerie Gutmann Koch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-5678","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5688-5678"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286207013","display_name":"George Washington University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00fwdyt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","The George Washington University Hospital","University of Chicago","University of Miami","University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","Washington Univer-sity"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The George Washington University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington Univer-sity","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103139986","display_name":"William F. Parker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6000-3153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6000-3153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286207013","display_name":"George Washington University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00fwdyt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William F. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago","Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","The George Washington University Hospital","University of Miami","University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","Washington Univer-sity"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The George Washington University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington Univer-sity","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020303077","display_name":"Michael Todd Huber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7938-5350","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7938-5350"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286207013","display_name":"George Washington University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00fwdyt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Huber","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Miami","Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","The George Washington University Hospital","University of Chicago","University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","Washington Univer-sity"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon Health & Science Uni-versity","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The George Washington University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286207013"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh. Pa-trick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington Univer-sity","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"5","first_page":"e652","last_page":"e652"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10177","display_name":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10177","display_name":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14437","display_name":"Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/withholding-life-sustaining-treatment","display_name":"withholding life-sustaining treatment","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/withdrawal-of-life-sustaining-treatment","display_name":"withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-policy","display_name":"hospital policy","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-disparities","display_name":"sociodemographic disparities","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-of-life-decision-making","display_name":"end-of-life decisions","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-decision-making","display_name":"surrogate decision-making","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-equity","display_name":"health equity","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.8047864437103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7970137596130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3344966769218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","pdf_url":"http://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885392424001829/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135898356","display_name":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management","issn_l":"0885-3924","issn":["0885-3924","1873-6513"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.02.099","pdf_url":"http://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885392424001829/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135898356","display_name":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management","issn_l":"0885-3924","issn":["0885-3924","1873-6513"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394914293.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394914293.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361270712","https://openalex.org/W4362657864"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390579217","https://openalex.org/W4411987544","https://openalex.org/W4410273588","https://openalex.org/W4410276678","https://openalex.org/W4409330971","https://openalex.org/W4410273666","https://openalex.org/W4408964160","https://openalex.org/W1964094788","https://openalex.org/W2213613989","https://openalex.org/W7096068060"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2024-04-19T00:00:00"}