{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394780025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","title":"The Effect of Green Tea Varnish in Comparison with Fluoride Varnish on Remineralization of Artificial Caries","display_name":"The Effect of Green Tea Varnish in Comparison with Fluoride Varnish on Remineralization of Artificial Caries","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394780025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33425/2639-9490.1143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221819","display_name":"Oral Health & Dental Science","issn_l":"2639-9490","issn":["2639-9490"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oral Health and Dental science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013440725","display_name":"Osama Safwat Mohamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-6179","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-6179"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146977602","display_name":"Pharos University in Alexandria","ror":"https://ror.org/04cgmbd24","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146977602"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osama Safwat Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dental Prostheses Manufacture Technology,","Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Pharos University, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dental Prostheses Manufacture Technology,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Pharos University, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146977602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093373767","display_name":"Inas Mahmoud Karawia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8465-5685","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8465-5685"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146977602","display_name":"Pharos University in Alexandria","ror":"https://ror.org/04cgmbd24","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146977602"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inas Karawia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146977602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146977602"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11411","display_name":"Tea Polyphenols and Effects","score":0.5708000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11411","display_name":"Tea Polyphenols and Effects","score":0.5708000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.3783999979496002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11958","display_name":"Dental Erosion and Treatment","score":0.03880000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoride-varnish","display_name":"fluoride varnish","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tooth-remineralization","display_name":"dental remineralization","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-caries-lesions","display_name":"artificial caries lesions","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph-cycling","display_name":"pH cycling","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-content","display_name":"calcium content","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphorus-content","display_name":"phosphorus content","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catechins","display_name":"catechins","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-ph","display_name":"salivary pH","score":0.460999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28667232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81683","display_name":"Varnish","level":3,"score":0.896406888961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780158840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462845","display_name":"Fluoride varnish","level":4,"score":0.8670068979263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.6641377210617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780828025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44793182","display_name":"Fluoride","level":2,"score":0.6547133922576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5061425566673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148318117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7311813","display_name":"Remineralisation","level":3,"score":0.48539507389068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992814287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484083","display_name":"Green tea","level":2,"score":0.41914102435112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.38279983401298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.34562599658966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.341535747051239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156887251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2386424","display_name":"Enamel paint","level":2,"score":0.3106604814529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0884416401386261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.08715015649795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781448156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570182","display_name":"Coating","level":2,"score":0.06219440698623657}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33425/2639-9490.1143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221819","display_name":"Oral Health & Dental Science","issn_l":"2639-9490","issn":["2639-9490"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oral Health and Dental science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33425/2639-9490.1143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9490.1143","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210221819","display_name":"Oral Health & Dental Science","issn_l":"2639-9490","issn":["2639-9490"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oral Health and Dental science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394780025.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394780025.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067139445","https://openalex.org/W2146594851","https://openalex.org/W2166366920","https://openalex.org/W2620723398","https://openalex.org/W2732494615","https://openalex.org/W2742176078","https://openalex.org/W2892940052","https://openalex.org/W2967745132","https://openalex.org/W2969658708","https://openalex.org/W2969802804","https://openalex.org/W3009782959","https://openalex.org/W3125094829","https://openalex.org/W3128591178","https://openalex.org/W3194089973","https://openalex.org/W4286632109","https://openalex.org/W4310824078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092763709","https://openalex.org/W3088014508","https://openalex.org/W4319867154","https://openalex.org/W6990675233","https://openalex.org/W3125094829","https://openalex.org/W2792493137","https://openalex.org/W3137879806","https://openalex.org/W3009782959","https://openalex.org/W4410022471","https://openalex.org/W3165142890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Green":[1,180],"tea":[2,45,95,124,161,181,201],"is":[3],"a":[4],"natural":[5],"herb,":[6],"that":[7,21],"has":[8],"catechin,":[9],"theanine":[10],"and":[11,18,27,52,60,84,105,125,132,166,203,210],"amino":[12],"acids":[13],"with":[14,56,93,101],"antioxidant,":[15],"anti-inflammatory,":[16],"antimicrobial":[17],"anti-mutagenic":[19],"properties":[20],"can":[22],"improve":[23],"the":[24,30,36,41,141,148,159,173,184],"salivary":[25],"parameters":[26],"consequently":[28],"protect":[29],"oral":[31],"cavity":[32],"from":[33],"diseases.":[34],"So,":[35],"study":[37],"aimed":[38],"to":[39,74,154,215],"investigate":[40],"effect":[42,55,187],"of":[43,49,122,199],"green":[44,94,123,160,200],"varnish":[46,127,182,202],"on":[47],"remineralization":[48],"artificial":[50],"caries":[51],"compare":[53],"its":[54],"fluoride":[57,103,126,167],"varnish.":[58,190],"Materials":[59],"Methods:":[61],"30":[62],"extracted":[63],"sound":[64],"teeth":[65,80],"were":[66,81,137],"kept":[67],"in":[68,158,211],"demineralizing":[69],"solution":[70],"for":[71],"4":[72],"days,":[73],"artificially":[75],"form":[76],"caries-like":[77],"lesions.":[78],"The":[79,118],"divided":[82],"equally":[83],"randomly":[85],"into":[86],"three":[87],"groups.":[88],"Group":[89],"1":[90],"was":[91,99,115,152],"treated":[92,100],"varnish,":[96,104],"group":[97,106,143,162,168,175],"2":[98],"sodium":[102],"3":[107],"left":[108],"without":[109],"treatment.":[110],"After":[111],"treatment":[112],"pH":[113],"cycling":[114],"done.":[116,217],"Results:":[117],"mean":[119,149],"Ca":[120],"weight%":[121,151],"groups":[128],"(36.85":[129],"\u00b1":[130,134,145,164,170,177],"0.59":[131],"37.51":[133],"0.65":[135],"respectively)":[136],"significantly":[138,156],"higher":[139,157],"than":[140,207],"control":[142,174],"(26.98":[144],"0.24).":[146],"Also,":[147],"p":[150],"found":[153],"be":[155,216],"(17.50":[163],"0.36)":[165],"(18.31":[169],"0.40)":[171],"versus":[172],"(13.91":[176],"0.15).":[178],"Conclusions:":[179],"had":[183],"same":[185],"remineralizing":[186],"as":[188],"Fluoride":[189],"Recommendations:":[191],"More":[192],"studies":[193,213],"are":[194],"required":[195],"using":[196],"other":[197],"concentrations":[198],"may":[204],"use":[205],"more":[206],"one":[208],"application,":[209],"vivo":[212],"need":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2024-04-13T00:00:00"}