{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394567472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","title":"The Clinical Impact of the 4Kscore Test on Prostate Biopsy Decision Making in the Setting of MRI","display_name":"The Clinical Impact of the 4Kscore Test on Prostate Biopsy Decision Making in the Setting of MRI","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394567472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387286735","display_name":"JU Open Plus","issn_l":"2771-554X","issn":["2771-554X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JU Open Plus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030279442","display_name":"Johnny C. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7144-6897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7144-6897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johnny C. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7144-6897","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007040021","display_name":"Joel M. Vetter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5914-3845","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5914-3845"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel M. Vetter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779047","display_name":"Eric H. Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-8342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-8342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric H. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103070659","display_name":"James T. Gross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-4318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-4318"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James T. Gross","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-4318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043980193","display_name":"Grant M. Henning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-6685","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-6685"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grant M. Henning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-6685","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4523,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81324367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer-screening","display_name":"prostate cancer screening","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-mri","display_name":"prostate MRI","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-biopsy-decision-making","display_name":"prostate biopsy decision-making","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinically-significant-prostate-cancer","display_name":"clinically significant prostate cancer","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gleason-grade-group","display_name":"Gleason grade group","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-specific-antigen","display_name":"prostate-specific antigen","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer-detection","display_name":"prostate cancer detection","score":0.4970000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781217009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4086927","display_name":"Prostate biopsy","level":4,"score":0.6174952983856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625","display_name":"Prostate","level":3,"score":0.5794580578804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5463829040527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989179672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6806500","display_name":"Clinical decision making","level":2,"score":0.5329868197441101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5156451463699341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775934546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179991","display_name":"Biopsy","level":2,"score":0.45719990134239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4370250999927521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.41157227754592896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2670770585536957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.17489981651306152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.05775362253189087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387286735","display_name":"JU Open Plus","issn_l":"2771-554X","issn":["2771-554X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JU Open Plus","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ju9.0000000000000134","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387286735","display_name":"JU Open Plus","issn_l":"2771-554X","issn":["2771-554X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JU Open Plus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980762548","https://openalex.org/W1989403098","https://openalex.org/W2057615180","https://openalex.org/W2111704207","https://openalex.org/W2513507045","https://openalex.org/W2554542443","https://openalex.org/W2762223230","https://openalex.org/W2792808854","https://openalex.org/W2887830656","https://openalex.org/W2900139266","https://openalex.org/W2916798133","https://openalex.org/W2922071185","https://openalex.org/W2941679071","https://openalex.org/W2942479079","https://openalex.org/W2966631918","https://openalex.org/W2973912681","https://openalex.org/W2980530742","https://openalex.org/W3027017122","https://openalex.org/W3047864065","https://openalex.org/W3087866211","https://openalex.org/W3104458229","https://openalex.org/W3155588294","https://openalex.org/W3212505086","https://openalex.org/W4214853036","https://openalex.org/W4280558205","https://openalex.org/W4367678664","https://openalex.org/W4385567885","https://openalex.org/W6716875710","https://openalex.org/W6768979572"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887830656","https://openalex.org/W2605250475","https://openalex.org/W2966631918","https://openalex.org/W4385567885","https://openalex.org/W3023817420","https://openalex.org/W2603997089","https://openalex.org/W3087866211","https://openalex.org/W2416772468","https://openalex.org/W3021561975","https://openalex.org/W4367678664"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Biomarkers":[1],"are":[2],"often":[3],"used":[4,81,98],"in":[5,29,153],"conjunction":[6],"with":[7,42,88,107,111,138,197,215,226,232],"MRI":[8,71,112,198,216,261],"to":[9,20,45,52,82,91,99,133,141,204,235,260],"improve":[10],"the":[11,22,26,30,36,39,43,53,67,84,89,101,139,185,193,228,233,241],"specificity":[12],"of":[13,25,32,38,56,74,86,103,115,187,195,244],"prostate":[14,47,59,75,124,191,237,248],"cancer":[15],"screening.":[16],"Our":[17,250],"objective":[18],"was":[19,80,136,202],"evaluate":[21],"real-world":[23,263],"utility":[24],"4Kscore":[27,40,68,87,104,110,135,196,205,229,253],"test":[28,41,69],"setting":[31],"MRI.":[33],"We":[34,62],"explored":[35],"association":[37,85],"decision":[44,90,140,234,265],"pursue":[46,92,142,236],"biopsy":[48,143,238],"and":[49,70,109,163,213,239],"its":[50],"contribution":[51],"accurate":[54,242],"detection":[55,114,186],"clinically":[57],"significant":[58],"cancer.":[60,125,249],"Methods:":[61],"retrospectively":[63],"analyzed":[64],"patients":[65,225],"undergoing":[66],"for":[72,113,144,262],"consideration":[73],"biopsy.":[76,93,134],"Multivariable":[77],"logistic":[78],"regression":[79],"model":[83],"Receiver-operating":[94],"characteristic":[95],"curves":[96],"were":[97],"calculate":[100],"AUC":[102,194],"alone,":[105],"PSA":[106,214],"MRI,":[108,227],"Gleason":[116],"Grade":[117],"Group":[118],"\u2265":[119,122,189,246],"2":[120,190,247],"(GG":[121],"2)":[123],"Results:":[126],"Of":[127],"442":[128],"patients,":[129],"311":[130],"(70%)":[131],"proceeded":[132],"associated":[137,231],"continuous":[145],"(odds":[146],"ratio":[147],"[OR]":[148],"1.05":[149],"per":[150],"1-point":[151],"increase":[152],"4Kscore,":[154],"95%":[155,177],"confidence":[156],"interval":[157],"[CI]":[158],"1.02-1.07;":[159],"P":[160,170,180,210,220],"<":[161,171,181,211,221],".001)":[162,212],"categorical":[164],"(high-risk":[165],"4Kscore:":[166,174],"OR":[167,175],"16.1,":[168],"6.62-39.3,":[169],".001;":[172],"intermediate-risk":[173],"6.89,":[176],"CI":[178],"3.15-15.1;":[179],".01)":[182],"models.":[183],"For":[184],"GG":[188,245],"cancer,":[192],"(AUC":[199,207,217],"=":[200,208,218],"0.866)":[201],"superior":[203],"alone":[206],"0.800,":[209],"0.792,":[219],".001).":[222],"Conclusions:":[223],"In":[224],"is":[230],"augments":[240],"prediction":[243],"findings":[251],"suggest":[252],"provides":[254],"independent":[255],"information":[256],"as":[257],"an":[258],"adjunct":[259],"clinical":[264],"making.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-04-09T00:00:00"}
