{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393999999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","title":"Artificial intelligence \u2013 Human intelligence conflict and its impact on process system safety","display_name":"Artificial intelligence \u2013 Human intelligence conflict and its impact on process system safety","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393999999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211385","display_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering","issn_l":"2772-5081","issn":["2772-5081"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035022151","display_name":"Rajeevan Arunthavanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-2503","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-2503"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270651","display_name":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center","ror":"https://ror.org/013my1d15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeevan Arunthavanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC), Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC), Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004363870","display_name":"Zaman Sajid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4318-4690","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4318-4690"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270651","display_name":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center","ror":"https://ror.org/013my1d15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaman Sajid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC), Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC), Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014307031","display_name":"Faisal Irshad Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-4299","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-4299","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9248-6451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270651","display_name":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center","ror":"https://ror.org/013my1d15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC), Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-4299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center (MKOPSC), Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77843-3122, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115598076","display_name":"Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-818X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-818X","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-509X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efstratios Pistikopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014307031"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405270651","https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"fwci":16.2256,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99413407,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"100151","last_page":"100151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.08479999750852585,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-ai-conflict","display_name":"human-AI conflict","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-ai-collaboration","display_name":"human-AI collaboration","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-plant-safety","display_name":"process plant safety","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation-conflicts","display_name":"interpretation conflicts","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-operators","display_name":"human operators","score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-control","display_name":"artificial intelligence control","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"risk analysis","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-5-0","display_name":"Industry 5.0","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4-0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.9279999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6080228090286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6056849360466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5952110886573792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.561447262763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937824","display_name":"Human intelligence","level":2,"score":0.5384836196899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.5044475793838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5007305145263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49120110273361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191147762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186289","display_name":"Human reliability","level":3,"score":0.4398335814476013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3508569896221161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.34840133786201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169806903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937752","display_name":"Human error","level":2,"score":0.3113732933998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11299243569374084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211385","display_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering","issn_l":"2772-5081","issn":["2772-5081"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:409a5bf69ae34296992e3c5ba114677e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/409a5bf69ae34296992e3c5ba114677e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering, Vol 11, Iss , Pp 100151- (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dche.2024.100151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211385","display_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering","issn_l":"2772-5081","issn":["2772-5081"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Chemical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316713","display_name":"Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center","ror":"https://ror.org/013my1d15"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332170","display_name":"Directorate for Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00b6sbb32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048079459","https://openalex.org/W2092168421","https://openalex.org/W2174536915","https://openalex.org/W2274701555","https://openalex.org/W2822775433","https://openalex.org/W2997331601","https://openalex.org/W3016094225","https://openalex.org/W3017211527","https://openalex.org/W3023687723","https://openalex.org/W3042060228","https://openalex.org/W3097307531","https://openalex.org/W3097377502","https://openalex.org/W3110939572","https://openalex.org/W3131947895","https://openalex.org/W3147517805","https://openalex.org/W3187476932","https://openalex.org/W4200126446","https://openalex.org/W4285297892","https://openalex.org/W4295832344","https://openalex.org/W4307019698","https://openalex.org/W4312825692","https://openalex.org/W4361296995","https://openalex.org/W4380534756","https://openalex.org/W4381848566","https://openalex.org/W4385059984","https://openalex.org/W4386740961","https://openalex.org/W4387623977","https://openalex.org/W4388280686","https://openalex.org/W4389387129","https://openalex.org/W4391147836","https://openalex.org/W4391230511","https://openalex.org/W4391294099","https://openalex.org/W4392857772","https://openalex.org/W6607346828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396922782","https://openalex.org/W6910377920","https://openalex.org/W4403344517","https://openalex.org/W4322101020","https://openalex.org/W4406062651","https://openalex.org/W4404270183","https://openalex.org/W4415165025","https://openalex.org/W4411992553","https://openalex.org/W7171391338","https://openalex.org/W4378770848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,125,145,165,179,189,210,221,225,229,248],"Industry":[2,65],"4.0":[3],"revolution,":[4],"industries":[5,18],"are":[6],"advancing":[7],"their":[8],"operations":[9,90,216],"by":[10,19,144],"leveraging":[11],"Artificial":[12],"Intelligence":[13],"(AI).":[14],"AI-based":[15],"systems":[16,71,219],"enhance":[17],"automating":[20],"repetitive":[21],"tasks":[22],"and":[23,58,77,84,112,121,152,172,194,214,220,234],"improving":[24],"overall":[25],"efficiency.":[26],"However,":[27,79],"from":[28,164],"a":[29,33,53,92,196,202,243],"safety":[30],"perspective,":[31],"operating":[32],"system":[34,55,102,181],"using":[35],"AI":[36,85,122,173,215],"without":[37],"human":[38,149,166],"interaction":[39],"raises":[40],"concerns":[41],"regarding":[42],"its":[43],"reliability.":[44],"Recent":[45],"developments":[46],"have":[47],"made":[48],"it":[49,184],"imperative":[50],"to":[51,107,135,178,187,208,246],"establish":[52],"collaborative":[54,203],"between":[56,75,82,170],"humans":[57,76,83,120,171],"AI,":[59],"known":[60],"as":[61],"Intelligent":[62],"Augmentation":[63],"(IA).":[64],"5.0":[66],"focuses":[67],"on":[68,140],"developing":[69],"IA-based":[70,101,180,239],"that":[72],"facilitate":[73],"collaboration":[74],"AI.":[78,153],"potential":[80,249],"conflicts":[81,131,156,223],"in":[86,95,100,109,137,217,237],"controlling":[87],"process":[88,218],"plant":[89],"pose":[91],"significant":[93],"challenge":[94],"IA":[96],"systems.":[97],"Human-AI":[98],"conflict":[99,116,193,236],"operation":[103],"can":[104],"arise":[105,118,158],"due":[106,134],"differences":[108,136],"observation,":[110,232],"interpretation,":[111,233],"control":[113,161],"action.":[114,168],"Observation":[115],"may":[117,132,157,174],"when":[119,159],"disagree":[123],"with":[124],"observed":[126,141],"data":[127],"or":[128],"information.":[129],"Interpretation":[130],"occur":[133],"decision-making":[138],"based":[139],"data,":[142],"influenced":[143],"learning":[146],"ability":[147],"of":[148,191,231,251],"intelligence":[150],"(HI)":[151],"Control":[154],"action":[155,162,235],"AI-driven":[160],"differs":[163],"operator":[167],"Conflicts":[169],"introduce":[175],"additional":[176],"risks":[177],"operation.":[182],"Therefore,":[183],"is":[185],"crucial":[186],"understand":[188],"concept":[190,230],"human-AI":[192,252],"perform":[195],"detailed":[197],"risk":[198,250],"analysis":[199],"before":[200],"implementing":[201],"system.":[204,240],"This":[205],"paper":[206],"aims":[207],"investigate":[209],"following:":[211],"1.":[212],"Human":[213],"possible":[222],"during":[224],"collaboration.":[226],"2.":[227],"Formulate":[228],"an":[238],"3.":[241],"Provide":[242],"case":[244],"study":[245],"identify":[247],"conflict.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-04-06T00:00:00"}