{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393176149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","title":"Efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Extract Against Fungi Pathogen Associated with Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Spoilage","display_name":"Efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Extract Against Fungi Pathogen Associated with Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Spoilage","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393176149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","pdf_url":"https://asb.scione.com/cms/pdf.php?artid=223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406964444","display_name":"Asian Science Bulletin","issn_l":"1813-0070","issn":["1813-0070"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Science Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://asb.scione.com/cms/pdf.php?artid=223","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058146718","display_name":"Bashir Alabi Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-3498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-3498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387156178","display_name":"Federal University Dutse","ror":"https://ror.org/0278jft56","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387156178"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bashir Alabi Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-3498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387156178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111154139","display_name":"Kutama Ahmad Shehu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10627620","display_name":"Kogi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvsyx28","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kutama Ahmad Shehu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093924985","display_name":"Suleiman Mohammed Salisu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10627620","display_name":"Kogi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvsyx28","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suleiman Mohammed Salisu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Prince Abubakar Audu university, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Prince Abubakar Audu university, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080826690","display_name":"Umar Sabdat Unoyiza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-8262","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-8262"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387156178","display_name":"Federal University Dutse","ror":"https://ror.org/0278jft56","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387156178"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umar Sabdat Unoyiza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387156178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044932557","display_name":"Balogun Joshua Babalola","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10627620","display_name":"Kogi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvsyx28","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balogun Joshua Babalola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110806706","display_name":"Kokori Bajeh Tijani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919958821","display_name":"Bayero University Kano","ror":"https://ror.org/049pzty39","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919958821"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kokori Bajeh Tijani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919958821"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113152285","display_name":"Namadina Murtala Muhammad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Namadina Murtala Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094246020","display_name":"Abdulsalam Fiddausi .","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10627620","display_name":"Kogi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvsyx28","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulsalam Fiddausi .","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Prince Abubakar Audu university, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Prince Abubakar Audu university, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114139653","display_name":"Zubairu Joseph Yusuf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10627620","display_name":"Kogi State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvsyx28","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zubairu Joseph Yusuf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Prince Abubakar Audu university, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Prince Abubakar Audu university, Anyigba, Kogi, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10627620"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133489609","display_name":"Ndah Fatima Abigail","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ndah Abigail Ftima","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1658,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39375667,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"249","last_page":"257"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.6859999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.6859999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11900","display_name":"Fungal Plant Pathogen Control","score":0.13770000636577606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11065","display_name":"Insect Pest Control Strategies","score":0.11129999905824661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neem-leaf-extract","display_name":"neem leaf extract","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neem","display_name":"Azadirachta indica","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermelon","display_name":"watermelon","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antifungal-activity","display_name":"antifungal activity","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspergillus-flavus","display_name":"Aspergillus flavus","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusarium-oxysporum","display_name":"Fusarium oxysporum","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspergillus-niger","display_name":"Aspergillus niger","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhizopus","display_name":"Rhizopus","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saccharomyces","display_name":"Saccharomyces","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-fungicides","display_name":"natural fungicides","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioactive-compounds","display_name":"bioactive compounds","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779004935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17507129","display_name":"Citrullus lanatus","level":2,"score":0.9365189075469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781035296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21698","display_name":"Azadirachta","level":2,"score":0.932706356048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776460866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogen","level":2,"score":0.49199530482292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4157925248146057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.39194515347480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.11577993631362915}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","pdf_url":"https://asb.scione.com/cms/pdf.php?artid=223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406964444","display_name":"Asian Science Bulletin","issn_l":"1813-0070","issn":["1813-0070"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Science Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3923/asb.2024.249.257","pdf_url":"https://asb.scione.com/cms/pdf.php?artid=223","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5406964444","display_name":"Asian Science Bulletin","issn_l":"1813-0070","issn":["1813-0070"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Science Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4393176149.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4393176149.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028642354","https://openalex.org/W2059816849","https://openalex.org/W2075232687","https://openalex.org/W2097836583","https://openalex.org/W2148764402","https://openalex.org/W2160371604","https://openalex.org/W2466664783","https://openalex.org/W2512539812","https://openalex.org/W2883716028","https://openalex.org/W2902666178","https://openalex.org/W2903924745","https://openalex.org/W2984091073","https://openalex.org/W3118110157","https://openalex.org/W3128547872","https://openalex.org/W3136756514","https://openalex.org/W3162928377","https://openalex.org/W4206604747","https://openalex.org/W4283690668","https://openalex.org/W4288519814","https://openalex.org/W4317697177","https://openalex.org/W4386123996"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414255494","https://openalex.org/W3016768475","https://openalex.org/W6912332476","https://openalex.org/W2806892301","https://openalex.org/W4295956376","https://openalex.org/W4385730281","https://openalex.org/W6959920807","https://openalex.org/W4416065967","https://openalex.org/W2319847651","https://openalex.org/W2183902116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"and":[1,16,26,47,71,78,102,106,110,147,156,162,173],"Objective:":[2],"Watermelon":[3],"(Citrullus":[4,64],"lanatus)":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7],"member":[8],"of":[9,23,33,45,49,62,76,81,84,94,112,166,195,218,229],"the":[10,31,41,92,100,185,191,214,216,219,222],"Cucurbitaceae":[11],"family":[12],"native":[13],"to":[14,40,54,68,90,243,256],"Africa":[15],"has":[17],"been":[18],"cultivated":[19],"since":[20],"ancient":[21],"times.Reports":[22],"chemo-resistance":[24],"pathogens":[25,46,136],"health":[27],"implications":[28],"have":[29],"stalled":[30],"application":[32],"agrochemicals":[34],"for":[35,59],"improving":[36],"fruit":[37],"production.This":[38],"led":[39],"isolation,":[42],"purification,":[43],"identification":[44],"use":[48],"Azadirachta":[50,95,236],"indica":[51,96,237],"leaf":[52,97,120,197,238],"extract":[53,98,186],"inhibit":[55],"pathogenic":[56,227,246],"growth":[57,73],"responsible":[58],"post-harvest":[60,245,257],"deterioration":[61],"watermelon":[63,85,154],"lanatus).The":[65],"study":[66],"aims":[67],"isolate,":[69],"purify":[70],"determine":[72],"rate,":[74],"zone":[75],"inhibition":[77,176],"colony":[79],"count":[80],"fungi":[82,135],"pathogen":[83],"using":[86,125],"standard":[87,126],"mycological":[88],"techniques":[89],"ascertain":[91],"effectiveness":[93],"on":[99],"pathogen.Materials":[101],"Methods:":[103],"Sample":[104],"collection":[105],"media":[107],"preparation,":[108],"culture":[109],"purification":[111],"isolates,":[113],"pathogenicity":[114],"test,":[115],"as":[116,118,138],"well":[117],"neem":[119,167,196,220],"aqueous":[121],"extract,":[122,221],"were":[123,150,178],"conducted":[124],"pathological":[127],"methods":[128],"in":[129,225,248],"this":[130],"research,":[131],"after":[132],"which":[133],"five":[134],"such":[137],"Aspergillus":[139,143,180],"flavus,":[140],"Fusarium":[141],"oxysporum,":[142],"niger,":[144],"Rhizopus":[145],"sp.":[146],"Saccharomyces":[148],"sp.They":[149],"isolated":[151],"from":[152],"infested":[153],"fruits":[155],"treated":[157],"with":[158,253],"5,":[159],"10,":[160],"20":[161],"40":[163,202],"g":[164,203],"concentrations":[165],"extracts":[168,239],"where":[169],"5.4,":[170],"5.8,":[171],"6.1":[172],"6.6":[174],"cm":[175],"rates":[177],"observed.Results:":[179],"species":[181],"appeared":[182],"undeterred":[183],"by":[184],"at":[187,201,206,233],"these":[188],"concentrations,":[189],"but":[190],"overall":[192],"inhibitory":[193,204],"potential":[194],"extracted":[198],"was":[199],"observed":[200],"concentration":[205,208,217],"50%":[207],"(IC":[209],"50":[210],").This":[211],"means":[212],"that":[213,232],"higher":[215],"more":[223],"effective":[224],"inhibiting":[226],"diseases":[228],"watermelon.Findings":[230],"revealed":[231],"controlled":[234],"doses,":[235],"may":[240],"be":[241,262],"able":[242],"suppress":[244],"fungus":[247],"watermelon.Conclusion:":[249],"To":[250],"get":[251],"compounds":[252],"significant":[254],"resistance":[255],"rotting,":[258],"bioactive":[259],"components":[260],"should":[261],"assessed":[263],"via":[264],"bioassay-guided":[265],"isolation.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2024-03-26T00:00:00"}