{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393099657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393099657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"A Bridge to the Sky","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393054915","display_name":"A Bridge to the Sky"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075122722","display_name":"Glaire D. Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-9820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-9820"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Glaire D. Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075122722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11577595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.17350000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.17350000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12890","display_name":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","score":0.10499999672174454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14002","display_name":"Art, Technology, and Culture","score":0.08529999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-and-science","display_name":"art and science","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medieval-islamic-culture","display_name":"medieval Islamic culture","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mongol-invasion","display_name":"Mongol invasion","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renaissance-art","display_name":"Renaissance art","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-modern-art","display_name":"early modern art","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popular-culture","display_name":"popular culture","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"visual arts","score":0.4970000088214874}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780146897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353284","display_name":"Intellect","level":2,"score":0.7819474935531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779732396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2207288","display_name":"Craft","level":2,"score":0.6746035814285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52069626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692","display_name":"The Renaissance","level":2,"score":0.6025369167327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70789860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2018526","display_name":"The arts","level":2,"score":0.5339734554290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.5098215937614441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776603922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270141","display_name":"Polymath","level":2,"score":0.48963743448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104730834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828861","display_name":"Firn","level":3,"score":0.46912336349487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776132995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340372","display_name":"Islamic culture","level":3,"score":0.4573251008987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.4439902603626251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.43534865975379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145710725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841933","display_name":"Physiognomy","level":2,"score":0.42052125930786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.40184643864631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.36666393280029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.3560217022895813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.20322546362876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17106673121452332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1406107246875763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.11633941531181335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.11465957760810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.08595165610313416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913243.003.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"A Bridge to the Sky","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":168,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W58978969","https://openalex.org/W75934099","https://openalex.org/W98785348","https://openalex.org/W111447712","https://openalex.org/W134027099","https://openalex.org/W135454377","https://openalex.org/W136718592","https://openalex.org/W171948540","https://openalex.org/W196055276","https://openalex.org/W278217493","https://openalex.org/W298099063","https://openalex.org/W328702978","https://openalex.org/W354416081","https://openalex.org/W419001006","https://openalex.org/W567342234","https://openalex.org/W598361896","https://openalex.org/W599301278","https://openalex.org/W611788049","https://openalex.org/W623120923","https://openalex.org/W624393621","https://openalex.org/W626801756","https://openalex.org/W637440634","https://openalex.org/W638016659","https://openalex.org/W643956754","https://openalex.org/W644366255","https://openalex.org/W655702915","https://openalex.org/W791531369","https://openalex.org/W820257370","https://openalex.org/W866297086","https://openalex.org/W1441579182","https://openalex.org/W1513818935","https://openalex.org/W1535489709","https://openalex.org/W1558519182","https://openalex.org/W1564968678","https://openalex.org/W1566355720","https://openalex.org/W1578129145","https://openalex.org/W1607770561","https://openalex.org/W1615315631","https://openalex.org/W1646874146","https://openalex.org/W1850720624","https://openalex.org/W1861022199","https://openalex.org/W1941813878","https://openalex.org/W1964199476","https://openalex.org/W1983908543","https://openalex.org/W1987103093","https://openalex.org/W1990246371","https://openalex.org/W1990404287","https://openalex.org/W1991517344","https://openalex.org/W1994398578","https://openalex.org/W1996649769","https://openalex.org/W1997747672","https://openalex.org/W1999553907","https://openalex.org/W2003031488","https://openalex.org/W2008398994","https://openalex.org/W2010436706","https://openalex.org/W2015425523","https://openalex.org/W2019474329","https://openalex.org/W2029239242","https://openalex.org/W2031294724","https://openalex.org/W2033587942","https://openalex.org/W2035072256","https://openalex.org/W2037127621","https://openalex.org/W2044934743","https://openalex.org/W2049198749","https://openalex.org/W2055342263","https://openalex.org/W2057682715","https://openalex.org/W2057901651","https://openalex.org/W2066331641","https://openalex.org/W2068573496","https://openalex.org/W2069801801","https://openalex.org/W2071862856","https://openalex.org/W2074864673","https://openalex.org/W2086535057","https://openalex.org/W2091144391","https://openalex.org/W2093980119","https://openalex.org/W2094898102","https://openalex.org/W2110747758","https://openalex.org/W2115883800","https://openalex.org/W2130345459","https://openalex.org/W2132464426","https://openalex.org/W2136150165","https://openalex.org/W2154101899","https://openalex.org/W2161036405","https://openalex.org/W2227492146","https://openalex.org/W2281211692","https://openalex.org/W2314371279","https://openalex.org/W2318639803","https://openalex.org/W2322497073","https://openalex.org/W2329107078","https://openalex.org/W2329247521","https://openalex.org/W2342318636","https://openalex.org/W2413111911","https://openalex.org/W2476288509","https://openalex.org/W2482675941","https://openalex.org/W2486941920","https://openalex.org/W2487058894","https://openalex.org/W2506042750","https://openalex.org/W2507236781","https://openalex.org/W2511811206","https://openalex.org/W2564347383","https://openalex.org/W2565852150","https://openalex.org/W2581176204","https://openalex.org/W2708607840","https://openalex.org/W2721372657","https://openalex.org/W2730103347","https://openalex.org/W2742890805","https://openalex.org/W2749202430","https://openalex.org/W2751624169","https://openalex.org/W2757483961","https://openalex.org/W2758445117","https://openalex.org/W2760067131","https://openalex.org/W2763812852","https://openalex.org/W2763967219","https://openalex.org/W2767678800","https://openalex.org/W2788556928","https://openalex.org/W2791073358","https://openalex.org/W2794785389","https://openalex.org/W2795528961","https://openalex.org/W2801162456","https://openalex.org/W2885764209","https://openalex.org/W2887548658","https://openalex.org/W2891783270","https://openalex.org/W2893108039","https://openalex.org/W2899640709","https://openalex.org/W2903544859","https://openalex.org/W2906798155","https://openalex.org/W2913295895","https://openalex.org/W2922966440","https://openalex.org/W2933115921","https://openalex.org/W2967618598","https://openalex.org/W2992494564","https://openalex.org/W3007402133","https://openalex.org/W3022919901","https://openalex.org/W3034774639","https://openalex.org/W3045748794","https://openalex.org/W3107950312","https://openalex.org/W3132983989","https://openalex.org/W3146664186","https://openalex.org/W3195968910","https://openalex.org/W3200751934","https://openalex.org/W3204786799","https://openalex.org/W3213690908","https://openalex.org/W4205369343","https://openalex.org/W4233552074","https://openalex.org/W4235059171","https://openalex.org/W4235161193","https://openalex.org/W4237349592","https://openalex.org/W4238600319","https://openalex.org/W4239195071","https://openalex.org/W4240068269","https://openalex.org/W4245038980","https://openalex.org/W4245696539","https://openalex.org/W4245772034","https://openalex.org/W4245913485","https://openalex.org/W4246746217","https://openalex.org/W4247510128","https://openalex.org/W4250419796","https://openalex.org/W4250937201","https://openalex.org/W4256570638","https://openalex.org/W4289107073","https://openalex.org/W4294870822","https://openalex.org/W4387530780","https://openalex.org/W4400326352","https://openalex.org/W4400459891","https://openalex.org/W4406975996","https://openalex.org/W6710840950","https://openalex.org/W6751879730","https://openalex.org/W6982936793"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393054915","https://openalex.org/W3204074001","https://openalex.org/W3093690923","https://openalex.org/W7036454310","https://openalex.org/W7037739223","https://openalex.org/W4393060132","https://openalex.org/W4200547286","https://openalex.org/W4393061533","https://openalex.org/W2603237792","https://openalex.org/W4393061117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"Introduction":[2],"introduces":[3],"\u02bfAbb\u0101s":[4],"Ibn":[5,40,96],"Firn\u0101s":[6,41,97],"as":[7,19,42],"a":[8,99],"medieval":[9,33,100],"polymath.":[10],"It":[11,35,68],"contrasts":[12],"the":[13,26,32,37,51,54,59,62,65,72,76,86,89,112,116,124],"way":[14,27],"he":[15,28],"is":[16],"remembered":[17,30],"today,":[18],"an":[20],"early":[21,129],"scientist":[22],"and":[23,47,79,83,85,105,119,128],"aviator,":[24],"with":[25],"was":[29,108],"in":[31,44],"period.":[34],"discusses":[36],"representations":[38],"of":[39,53,61,75,88,103,115,126],"aviator":[43],"visual":[45],"arts":[46,125],"popular":[48],"culture":[49,102],"from":[50],"birth":[52],"modern":[55,130],"aerial":[56],"age":[57],"at":[58],"turn":[60],"century":[63],"to":[64,91],"present":[66],"day.":[67],"then":[69],"sets":[70],"out":[71],"main":[73],"issue":[74,90],"book,":[77],"art":[78,92],"science,":[80],"or":[81],"craft":[82,104],"intellect,":[84],"relevance":[87],"historical":[93],"issues.":[94],"Studying":[95],"reveals":[98],"Islamic":[101],"intellect":[106],"that":[107,120],"fully":[109],"established":[110],"by":[111],"Mongol":[113],"invasions":[114],"thirteenth":[117],"century,":[118],"may":[121],"have":[122],"shaped":[123],"Renaissance":[127],"Europe.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-03-23T00:00:00"}
