{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393084348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","title":"The expanding role of nuclear medicine in rheumatology","display_name":"The expanding role of nuclear medicine in rheumatology","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393084348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036969","display_name":"Arab Journal of Rheumatology","issn_l":"2950-1784","issn":["2950-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Rheumatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000411947","display_name":"ADIL M. AL-NAHHAS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2887-8187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2887-8187"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adil Al-Nahhas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031935072","display_name":"Imene Zerizer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3297-9324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3297-9324"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imene Zerizer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103074716","display_name":"Ali S M Jawad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-7488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-7488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali S. M. Jawad","raw_affiliation_strings":["PET/CT Centre, King\u2019s College London (KCL), London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PET/CT Centre, King\u2019s College London (KCL), London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000411947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2765,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44671705,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"31","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.40310001373291016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.40310001373291016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11395","display_name":"Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications","score":0.35280001163482666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.1949000060558319,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"nuclear medicine","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatology","display_name":"rheumatology","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasculitis","display_name":"vasculitis","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myopathy","display_name":"myopathy","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-scintigraphy","display_name":"bone scintigraphy","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fdg-pet-ct","display_name":"FDG PET/CT","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intra-articular-injection","display_name":"intra-articular injection","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiopharmaceuticals","display_name":"radiopharmaceuticals","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-metastases","display_name":"bone metastasis","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-marrow-inflammation","display_name":"bone marrow inflammation","score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-blood-cell-scintigraphy","display_name":"white blood cell scintigraphy","score":0.5929999947547913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198451711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327657","display_name":"Rheumatology","level":2,"score":0.6011251211166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5007243156433105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4600088894367218}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036969","display_name":"Arab Journal of Rheumatology","issn_l":"2950-1784","issn":["2950-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Rheumatology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajr.ajr_10_23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036969","display_name":"Arab Journal of Rheumatology","issn_l":"2950-1784","issn":["2950-1784"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Rheumatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13725933","https://openalex.org/W1916958445","https://openalex.org/W1969496290","https://openalex.org/W1976897781","https://openalex.org/W1989302570","https://openalex.org/W1995987671","https://openalex.org/W1996218107","https://openalex.org/W2046562499","https://openalex.org/W2052323267","https://openalex.org/W2055924733","https://openalex.org/W2056306723","https://openalex.org/W2057652353","https://openalex.org/W2082641588","https://openalex.org/W2120097440","https://openalex.org/W2125377715","https://openalex.org/W2178920099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790976182","https://openalex.org/W4254215967","https://openalex.org/W2610661505","https://openalex.org/W2905561531","https://openalex.org/W3117170630","https://openalex.org/W2996599872","https://openalex.org/W39421021","https://openalex.org/W1976063457","https://openalex.org/W2593647266","https://openalex.org/W2022990097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19,52,110,223,387,695,963,1136,1584,1624,1739],"use":[1],"of":[2,22,46,50,55,68,77,83,106,219,226,232,291,319,395,428,438,452,467,482,526,533,556,674,679,692,750,779,848,866,903,938,965,984,1001,1020,1036,1101,1128,1138,1143,1147,1207,1225,1288,1298,1313,1349,1384,1421,1432,1435,1451,1461,1466,1489,1495,1506,1534,1539,1547,1550,1582,1590,1659,1665,1682,1701,1711,1720,1756,1769,1773,1784,1806,1809,1836,1842,1884,1891,1909],"radioactive":[3,111,140,1552],"tracers":[4,112,141,648,726,1553],"was":[5,25,545,685,738,1090,1117,1399,1742],"introduced":[6],"in":[7,41,114,197,251,268,299,316,366,378,400,419,425,490,496,520,552,558,579,613,636,700,707,715,747,816,819,838,841,863,935,952,988,1024,1045,1097,1124,1158,1180,1193,1253,1351,1372,1388,1415,1473,1481,1502,1514,1529,1716,1792,1803,1825,1856,1912],"the":[8,16,42,66,74,81,134,202,205,230,295,317,323,349,367,379,384,391,396,420,455,465,480,554,587,595,665,680,864,867,892,901,936,1018,1050,1055,1080,1099,1102,1141,1151,1164,1194,1260,1271,1278,1310,1328,1382,1430,1467,1496,1515,1535,1545,1607,1609,1621,1663,1683,1759,1770,1781,1793,1804,1834,1846,1851,1857,1882,1888,1905],"1930s":[9],"as":[10,35,37,178,186,237,305,568,728,877,883,941,959,1223,1392,1418,1599,1816,1873],"a":[11,47,154,183,190,233,240,269,426,432,450,470,672,712,972,1046,1060,1125,1144,1159,1181,1217,1302,1319,1332,1373,1389,1416,1419,1449,1470,1478,1530,1556,1566,1596,1617,1651,1708,1718,1807,1839],"novel":[12],"method":[13],"to":[14,72,133,149,163,166,177,194,216,246,321,329,336,509,517,549,581,592,619,664,720,744,970,1031,1041,1054,1092,1109,1212,1256,1262,1309,1340,1360,1378,1442,1522,1527,1554,1559,1575,1620,1628,1644,1732,1766,1787,1831,1879,1897],"explore":[15],"thyroid":[17],"gland.":[18],"clinical":[20,783,800,1083,1276,1518,1847],"value":[21,481,1220,1431],"this":[23,227,1038,1354,1774],"approach":[24],"soon":[26],"picked":[27],"up":[28,717],"and":[29,33,44,58,86,104,128,287,326,342,347,364,370,393,404,422,571,577,585,607,610,615,623,632,644,689,703,762,768,773,870,885,917,929,944,990,1011,1029,1070,1076,1078,1084,1107,1167,1186,1203,1241,1246,1258,1275,1284,1292,1336,1353,1407,1438,1483,1579,1603,1615,1753,1790,1819,1829,1853,1863,1875],"expanded":[30],"by":[31,375,434,740,753,852,1062,1133,1235,1357,1401,1613,1849],"endocrinologists":[32],"oncologists":[34],"well":[36,1156,1512],"other":[38],"medical":[39],"specialists":[40],"investigation":[43],"treatment":[45,1441],"wide":[48,1840],"range":[49,1841],"diseases.":[51],"remarkable":[53],"development":[54,532,555],"gamma":[56,119],"cameras":[57],"positron":[59,121,234,260,808,830,1174],"emission":[60,261,809,831,1175],"tomography":[61,88,262,810,832,1177],"(PET)":[62],"scanners":[63,89,967],"has":[64,91,313,478,514,1667,1844],"enhanced":[65],"clarity":[67],"nuclear":[69,279,920,1794,1899],"medicine":[70,280,921,1795,1798,1900],"procedures":[71,116,281,535,1799],"probe":[73],"metabolic":[75,94,1386],"effects":[76],"disease.":[78,946,998],"More":[79,562],"recently,":[80,563],"introduction":[82,1835],"fused":[84,1204],"PET":[85,602,647,657,683,725,966,1023,1075,1089,1200,1226,1240,1458,1867],"computed":[87],"(PET/CT)":[90,1178],"allowed":[92],"for":[93,100,1004,1321,1334,1363,1459,1631,1680,1758],"imaging":[95,580,599,655,684,764,881,888,925,957,1236,1323,1813,1883],"superimposed":[96],"on":[97,383,461,669,793,915,1411,1569,1662,1685],"anatomical":[98,893],"mapping":[99],"an":[101,845,1322,1560],"accurate":[102,1296,1864],"localization":[103],"knowledge":[105],"various":[107],"disease":[108,170,495,718,780,784,801,1105,1208,1329,1338,1426,1858],"processes.":[109],"used":[113,315,508,516,578,739,1586],"diagnostic":[115,609],"are":[117,142,161,302,897,909,1587,1611,1800,1823,1877],"usually":[118,175],"or":[120,136,157,169,200,221,255,512,639,1210,1266,1381,1517,1537,1690,1734],"emitters":[122],"with":[123,153,189,204,239,271,278,309,441,500,524,560,594,600,621,656,677,687,732,759,765,776,799,826,873,912,926,955,1068,1082,1161,1183,1233,1237,1273,1455,1487,1595,1703,1714,1725,1838,1860],"low":[124,949],"doses,":[125],"short":[126],"half-lives,":[127],"no":[129,1347,1730,1754],"significant":[130,874,1479],"radiation":[131,1528,1557],"exposure":[132,1526],"patients":[135,440,499,559,676,758,1067,1129,1232,1359,1453,1468,1648,1686,1702,1713,1728,1749],"their":[137,948,953],"environment.":[138],"Before":[139],"administered":[143],"into":[144],"human":[145],"body,":[146],"they":[147,896],"need":[148,1261,1320],"be":[150,164,550,1093,1376,1629,1640],"incorporated":[151],"(labeled)":[152],"specific":[155,167,538,646],"chemical":[156],"biological":[158],"ligands":[159],"that":[160,458,589,789,982,1114,1325,1572],"known":[162],"attracted":[165],"organs":[168],"process.":[171],"This":[172,980,1563],"combination":[173],"is":[174,229,294,334,360,630,653,844,975,986,1027,1140,1155,1214,1306,1346,1355,1510,1544,1573,1777,1887],"referred":[176],"radiopharmaceuticals.":[179],"Examples":[180],"include":[181,282,1006],"labeling":[182,201,231,537],"tracer":[184,203,660],"such":[185,236,567,727,876,882,940,958,1391,1598,1815,1872],"technetium-99":[187],"m":[188,311,411,543],"phosphonate":[191],"(Tc-99":[192,209,505,542],"m-HDP)":[193],"visualize":[195],"hydroxyapatite":[196],"bone":[198,385,413,447,462,472,484,1817],"scanning":[199,308,1414,1818],"patient\u2019s":[206],"own":[207],"leucocytes":[208],"m-HMPAO":[210,506,931],"white":[211,933,1821],"blood":[212,338,343,362,849,992,1025],"cell":[213,1008],"[WBC]":[214],"scan)":[215],"detect":[217,247,510,582,971],"sites":[218],"infection":[220,511],"inflammation.":[222],"gold":[224],"standard":[225,1218],"technique":[228],"emitter":[235],"fluorine-18":[238],"glucose":[241,249,605],"precursor":[242],"(F-18":[243],"fluorodeoxyglucose":[244],"[FDG])":[245],"increased":[248,361,376,417,604,814,835,1148,1191],"metabolism":[250,606],"malignant":[252,637],"[Figure":[253,407,626,804,1170],"1]":[254],"infected/inflamed":[256],"lesions.Figure":[257],"1:":[258],"Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose":[259,1173],"scan":[263,414,463,473,485,811,833,1179],"showing":[264,415,812,834,1189,1405],"multiple":[265],"bony":[266],"metastases":[267],"patient":[270,1160,1182,1417],"bowel":[272],"cancerThe":[273],"most":[274,1892],"investigated":[275,756,1454],"rheumatological":[276,1810,1893],"conditions":[277,1002,1828],"rheumatoid":[283,430,820,842],"arthritis":[284],"(RA),":[285],"vasculitis,":[286,1037],"myopathy.":[288,1394],"Intra-articular":[289],"injection":[290,1549,1581],"yttrium-90":[292],"colloid":[293,1592],"main":[296],"therapeutic":[297,1567,1652],"application":[298],"rheumatology.":[300],"These":[301],"discussed":[303],"further":[304,1880],"follows.":[306],"Bone":[307],"Tc-99":[310,502,930],"HDP":[312,412],"been":[314,515,575],"diagnosis":[318,1116,1139,1297],"RA,":[320,358],"identify":[322,586,1331],"joints":[324,369,424,584,702,751,818,840],"involved":[325,1195],"assess":[327,337,617,1337],"response":[328,618,1108,1211,1255,1339,1731,1830],"therapy.":[330,1110,1248,1341],"A":[331,1657],"three-phase":[332],"acquisition":[333],"employed":[335,924],"flow":[339,363],"(Phase":[340,345],"1)":[341],"pooling":[344,365],"2)":[346],"demonstrate":[348,518,891],"osteoblastic":[350],"activity":[351,460,781,785,802,837,1106,1380,1387],"(bone":[352],"Phase":[353],"3).":[354],"In":[355,671,1015,1034,1059,1672,1895],"acute":[356],"inflammatory":[357,493,846,906,1057,1299,1393,1463,1827],"there":[359,1345],"affected":[368,583,752,1913],"adjacent":[371,871],"soft":[372],"tissue,":[373],"followed":[374],"uptake":[377,418,519,527,635,699,706,815,1019,1149,1192,1219,1348,1371,1410,1480,1490],"periarticular":[380],"bones":[381],"demonstrated":[382,1132,1157],"phase.":[386],"overall":[388],"display":[389],"reflects":[390],"synovitis":[392,1571],"inflammation":[394,523],"chondro-osseous":[397],"zone":[398],"culminating":[399],"edema,":[401],"vascular":[402,853],"proliferation,":[403],"synovial":[405,748],"hypertrophy":[406],"2].Figure":[408],"2:":[409],"Technetium-99":[410],"significantly":[416,704,797,813],"wrists":[421],"finger":[423],"case":[427,1397],"severe":[429],"arthritisIn":[431],"study":[433,673,1061],"M\u00f6tt\u00f6nen":[435],"et":[436,742,1064,1403,1676],"al.":[437,743,1677],"13":[439],"confirmed":[442],"RA":[443,557,614,678,761,1681,1715],"who":[444,1687],"underwent":[445,1072],"serial":[446],"scans":[448,772],"over":[449,487],"period":[451],"1":[453,1364,1697],"year,":[454],"authors":[456],"concluded":[457],"persistent":[459,1570],"predates":[464],"onset":[466],"erosions":[468],"while":[469],"negative":[471,483],"excludes":[474],"synovitis.[1]":[475],"Another":[476],"group":[477,1127,1229,1447],"shown":[479,1091,1668],"follow-up":[486,1741,1760],"3.6":[488],"years":[489],"ruling":[491],"out":[492],"joint":[494,1626],"all":[497],"22":[498],"RA.[2]":[501],"m-labeled":[503],"WBC":[504],"WBC),":[507],"inflammation,":[513,1885],"active":[521,640],"knee":[522],"reduction":[525],"following":[528,1493],"steroid":[529,1693,1737],"injection.[3]":[530],"Further":[531],"new":[534,643,1782],"involving":[536],"polyclonal":[539],"IgG":[540],"antibodies":[541,566,573],"HIG)":[544],"followed.":[546],"They":[547,755,787,1111,1249,1428],"proved":[548],"sensitive":[551],"predicting":[553],"arthralgia.[4]":[561],"several":[564],"monoclonal":[565],"anti-TNFa,":[569],"anti-CD20,":[570],"anti-E-selectin":[572],"have":[574,923],"labeled":[576,825,932,1594,1820],"ones":[588],"may":[590,1639],"respond":[591],"therapy":[593,620,625,1213,1257],"same":[596],"antibodies.[5]":[597],"Molecular":[598],"F-18-FDG":[601],"detects":[603],"provides":[608],"staging":[611],"data":[612,1661],"can":[616,890,1326,1564],"disease-modifying":[622],"anti-inflammatory":[624,1577],"3].":[627],"However,":[628,947,1833],"FDG":[629,770,961,1022,1074,1088,1239,1350,1370,1413,1457,1476,1509],"nonspecific":[631],"shows":[633],"similar":[634],"lesions":[638],"osteoarthritis.":[641],"Therefore,":[642,1368],"more":[645,1691,1735],"were":[649,1130,1723],"introduced.":[650],"One":[651,1465],"example":[652],"macrophage":[654],"using":[658,1216],"carbon-11":[659],"(C-11-(R)-PK11195)":[661],"which":[662,908,1154,1305,1474,1635,1642,1886],"binds":[663],"peripheral":[666],"benzodiazepine":[667],"receptors":[668],"macrophages.":[670],"11":[675],"knees,":[681],"C-11-(R)-PK11195":[682],"correlated":[686,774,796,1079],"arthroscopy":[688],"immunohistochemistry":[690],"staining":[691],"obtained":[693],"samples.":[694],"results":[696,1272,1279,1763],"showed":[697,1113,1280,1477,1699,1750],"higher":[698],"inflamed":[701,1561,1622],"high":[705],"contralateral":[708],"noninflamed":[709],"joints,":[710,1608],"suggesting":[711],"prognostic":[713],"role":[714],"picking":[716],"prior":[719],"clinically":[721],"evident":[722],"synovitis.[6]":[723],"Other":[724],"gallium":[729],"68":[730,824],"labelled":[731],"angiogenesis":[733,746,827,836],"marker":[734,828],"PRGD2":[735,767,795,829],"(Ga-68":[736],"PRGD2)":[737],"Zhu":[741],"image":[745],"membranes":[749],"RA.[7]":[754],"20":[757],"untreated":[760],"compared":[763],"Ga-68":[766,794],"F-18":[769,960,1021,1073,1087,1238,1412,1456,1475,1508],"PET/CT":[771,1205,1837],"these":[775],"core":[777],"variables":[778],"including":[782],"index.":[786],"found":[788,1250],"posttherapy":[790],"changes":[791,894,907,1040,1855],"noted":[792],"better":[798,1094],"index":[803],"4].Figure":[805],"3:":[806],"Fluorodeoxyglucose":[807],"major":[817,839],"arthritisFigure":[821],"4:":[822],"Gallium":[823],"arthritisVasculitis":[843],"condition":[847],"vessels":[850,993,1026],"characterized":[851],"infiltration":[854],"and,":[855],"if":[856],"not":[857,1511],"treated":[858,1724],"at":[859],"early":[860,905,1115,1433,1440,1504],"stages,":[861],"resulting":[862],"destruction":[865],"vessel":[868,997,1051,1152],"wall":[869],"structures":[872],"consequences":[875],"infarction.":[878],"Conventional":[879],"cross-sectional":[880],"CT":[884,1197],"magnetic":[886],"resonance":[887],"(MRI)":[889],"once":[895],"established,":[898],"but":[899],"lack":[900,1538],"capacity":[902],"detecting":[904,1503,1826],"potentially":[910],"treatable":[911],"resultant":[913],"impact":[914],"outcome":[916],"survival.[8]":[918],"Earlier":[919],"studies":[922],"gallium-67":[927],"citrate":[928],"cells":[934,1822],"evaluation":[937],"vasculitis":[939,985,1162],"Wegner\u2019s":[942],"granulomatosis":[943],"Kawasaki\u2019s":[945],"sensitivity":[950],"resulted":[951],"replacement":[954],"molecular":[956,1852],"PET/CT.":[962],"resolution":[964,1488,1862],"(the":[968],"ability":[969],"small":[973,996,1591,1709],"lesion)":[974],"currently":[976],"around":[977],"5":[978],"mm.":[979],"means":[981],"detection":[983,1005,1434],"achievable":[987],"medium":[989],"large":[991],"rather":[994],"than":[995,1095],"Good":[999],"examples":[1000],"amenable":[1003],"giant":[1007],"arteritis":[1009,1013],"(GCA)":[1010],"Takayasu\u2019s":[1012],"(TA).":[1014],"normal":[1016,1343],"subjects,":[1017],"faint":[1028],"close":[1030],"background":[1032],"activity.":[1033],"cases":[1035],"pattern":[1039,1048],"intense":[1042,1406],"uptake,":[1043],"mostly":[1044],"linear":[1047,1145,1190],"along":[1049,1150],"walls,":[1052],"due":[1053,1308,1377,1521],"underlying":[1056,1889],"changes.":[1058],"Meller":[1063],"al.,":[1065,1404],"15":[1066],"GCA":[1069],"TA":[1071,1234],"MRI":[1077,1096],"findings":[1081,1123],"laboratory":[1085],"findings.":[1086],"identifying":[1098],"extent":[1100],"disease,":[1103],"monitoring":[1104],"also":[1112,1131],"possible":[1118],"before":[1119,1245,1366],"late":[1120],"complications.[9]":[1121],"Similar":[1122],"smaller":[1126],"our":[1134],"group.[10]":[1135],"hallmark":[1137],"presence":[1142,1383],"area":[1146],"wall,":[1153],"affecting":[1163],"carotid,":[1165,1184],"subclavian,":[1166,1185],"axillary":[1168,1187],"arteries":[1169],"5].Figure":[1171],"5:":[1172],"tomography/computed":[1176],"arteritis,":[1188],"arteries.":[1196],"projection":[1198,1201],"(a),":[1199],"(b),":[1202],"(c)Assessment":[1206],"progression":[1209],"achieved":[1215],"(SUV)":[1221],"measurement":[1222],"part":[1224],"imaging.":[1227,1367],"Our":[1228,1446,1762],"studied":[1230],"23":[1231,1743],"calculated":[1242],"SUV":[1243],"values":[1244,1287],"after":[1247,1696],"it":[1251],"useful":[1252],"assessing":[1254],"reducing":[1259],"perform":[1263],"arterial":[1264],"biopsies":[1265],"repeat":[1267],"angiography.[11]":[1268],"When":[1269],"comparing":[1270],"angiography":[1274],"scoring,":[1277],"sensitivity,":[1281],"specificity,":[1282],"negative,":[1283],"positive":[1285],"predictive":[1286],"92%,":[1289],"100%,":[1290,1293],"85%,":[1291],"respectively.":[1294],"An":[1295,1395],"myopathy":[1300],"requires":[1301],"muscle":[1303,1314,1374,1390,1409],"biopsy,":[1304,1335],"difficult":[1307],"heterogeneous":[1311],"nature":[1312],"involvement.":[1315],"There":[1316,1776],"is,":[1317],"therefore,":[1318],"modality":[1324],"depict":[1327],"activity,":[1330],"site":[1333],"Under":[1342],"conditions,":[1344],"muscles":[1352,1486],"ensured":[1356],"asking":[1358],"stay":[1361],"still":[1362],"h":[1365,1633],"any":[1369],"should":[1375],"unsolicited":[1379],"abnormal":[1385],"interesting":[1396],"report":[1398],"published":[1400,1448,1660],"Agriantonis":[1402],"diffuse":[1408,1462],"manifestation":[1420],"chronic":[1422],"graft":[1423],"versus":[1424],"host":[1425],"(GVHD).":[1427],"highlighted":[1429],"GVHD-induced":[1436],"polymyositis":[1437],"its":[1439,1500],"prevent":[1443],"devastating":[1444],"consequences.[12]":[1445],"series":[1450,1710],"four":[1452],"assessment":[1460],"myopathy.[13]":[1464],"had":[1469,1688,1729],"drug-induced":[1471],"myopathy,":[1472,1507],"upper":[1482],"lower":[1484],"girdle":[1485],"4":[1491],"months":[1492,1744],"discontinuation":[1494],"offending":[1497],"medication.":[1498],"Despite":[1499],"potential":[1501,1771],"stages":[1505],"covered":[1513],"literature":[1516],"practice,":[1519],"possibly":[1520],"unjustified":[1523],"concern":[1524],"regarding":[1525],"benign":[1531],"condition,":[1532],"cost":[1533],"procedure,":[1536],"awareness.":[1540],"Radiation":[1541],"synovectomy":[1542],"(RS)":[1543],"process":[1546,1859,1890],"intra-articular":[1548,1580,1736],"beta-emitting":[1551],"deliver":[1555,1616],"dose":[1558,1619],"synovium.":[1562,1623],"provide":[1565],"effect":[1568,1653,1908],"resistant":[1574],"nonsteroidal":[1576],"drugs":[1578],"steroids.[14]":[1583],"radiopharmaceuticals":[1585,1843,1868],"commonly":[1588],"made":[1589],"particles":[1593,1610],"beta-emitter":[1597],"yttrium-90,":[1600],"rhenium-186,":[1601],"erbium-169,":[1602],"samarium-153.":[1604],"Once":[1605],"inside":[1606],"taken":[1612],"phagocytes":[1614],"cytotoxic":[1618,1907],"injected":[1625,1911],"needs":[1627],"immobilized":[1630],"24":[1632],"during":[1634],"minimal":[1636],"local":[1637],"pain":[1638,1751,1902],"encountered":[1641],"responds":[1643],"simple":[1645],"analgesia.":[1646],"Most":[1647],"will":[1649],"experience":[1650,1789],"within":[1654],"3\u20134":[1655],"weeks.":[1656],"meta-analysis":[1658],"efficacy":[1664],"RS":[1666,1679],"51%\u2013100%":[1669],"success":[1670],"rate.[15]":[1671],"another":[1673],"study,":[1674],"Jahangier":[1675],"performed":[1678],"knees":[1684,1722],"two":[1689],"failed":[1692],"injection.":[1694],"Evaluation":[1695],"year":[1698],"78%":[1700],"effective":[1704],"treatment.[16]":[1705],"We":[1706],"presented":[1707],"7":[1712],"whom":[1717],"total":[1719],"10":[1721],"Y-90.":[1726],"All":[1727],"2":[1733],"injections.":[1738],"average":[1740],"(range,":[1745],"15\u201345":[1746],"months).":[1747],"Five":[1748],"control":[1752],"recurrence":[1755],"effusion":[1757],"period.":[1761],"prompt":[1764],"us":[1765],"raise":[1767],"awareness":[1768],"benefit":[1772],"procedure.":[1775],"less":[1778,1788],"referral":[1779],"from":[1780],"generation":[1783],"rheumatologists,":[1785],"leading":[1786],"interest":[1791],"community.[17]":[1796],"Nuclear":[1797],"extremely":[1801],"helpful":[1802,1824],"management":[1805],"variety":[1808],"conditions.":[1811,1894],"Traditional":[1812],"tests":[1814],"treatment.":[1832],"enriched":[1845],"practice":[1848],"probing":[1850],"submolecular":[1854],"superb":[1861],"localization.":[1865],"New":[1866],"targeting":[1869],"activated":[1870],"macrophages":[1871],"C-11-(R)-PK11195-folate":[1874],"F-18-PEG-folate":[1876],"expected":[1878],"improve":[1881],"addition":[1896],"imaging,":[1898],"offers":[1901],"relief":[1903],"through":[1904],"localized":[1906],"beta-emitters":[1910],"joints.":[1914]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2024-03-23T00:00:00"}
