{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393053713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","title":"Evaluation of Salivary Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Ascorbic Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients","display_name":"Evaluation of Salivary Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Ascorbic Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393053713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38646241","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11031368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.56590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/237384/20240321-31270-myp0ae.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/237384/20240321-31270-myp0ae.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061616935","display_name":"M Induja","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Induja M","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093788956","display_name":"Roland Prethipa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roland Prethipa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063876135","display_name":"Lokesh Kumar S","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9702-0141","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9702-0141"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lokesh Kumar S","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND",". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081170854","display_name":"Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8331-2100","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8331-2100"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND",". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jayanth Kumar Vadivel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85461943","display_name":"Saveetha University","ror":"https://ror.org/0034me914","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayanth Kumar Vadivel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND",". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093788956"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85461943"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3308,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46247199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"e56590","last_page":"e56590"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.9053000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.9053000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":0.053700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11521","display_name":"Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-antioxidants","display_name":"salivary antioxidants","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-complications-of-diabetes","display_name":"oral complications of diabetes","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-biomarkers","display_name":"salivary biomarkers","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncontrolled-diabetes","display_name":"uncontrolled diabetes","score":0.6970000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779661893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221945","display_name":"Butylated hydroxytoluene","level":3,"score":0.9357661008834839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7308235764503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504460877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155925","display_name":"Saliva","level":2,"score":0.7114387154579163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6689419150352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986274086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199678","display_name":"Ascorbic acid","level":2,"score":0.6171494722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.578376054763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.46213120222091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.4547537863254547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776188313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902552","display_name":"Oxygen radical absorbance capacity","level":4,"score":0.42868298292160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.33334678411483765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.3145800232887268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.21108484268188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.19894754886627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1582844853401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993539680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902552","display_name":"Antioxidant capacity","level":3,"score":0.1392173171043396}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.56590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/237384/20240321-31270-myp0ae.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38646241","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38646241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11031368","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11031368/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.56590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56590","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/237384/20240321-31270-myp0ae.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4393053713.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4393053713.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523119366","https://openalex.org/W1982888167","https://openalex.org/W1983802377","https://openalex.org/W1994735836","https://openalex.org/W1999647730","https://openalex.org/W2017002944","https://openalex.org/W2020267609","https://openalex.org/W2033898136","https://openalex.org/W2045678878","https://openalex.org/W2046306858","https://openalex.org/W2056869738","https://openalex.org/W2094739251","https://openalex.org/W2110657098","https://openalex.org/W2753806627","https://openalex.org/W2925306820","https://openalex.org/W2972869264","https://openalex.org/W2990371696","https://openalex.org/W3127565434","https://openalex.org/W3180482105","https://openalex.org/W4236382119","https://openalex.org/W4285413111","https://openalex.org/W4389883657","https://openalex.org/W4409377248"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808321902","https://openalex.org/W2981244186","https://openalex.org/W4206331097","https://openalex.org/W4220720130","https://openalex.org/W2555442875","https://openalex.org/W2342603502","https://openalex.org/W4321850717","https://openalex.org/W2211054829","https://openalex.org/W2011083576","https://openalex.org/W2105068083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Type":[1],"2":[2,100,331],"diabetes":[3,101],"mellitus":[4],"(T2DM)":[5],"is":[6,274],"a":[7,315],"global":[8],"health":[9],"concern":[10],"associated":[11],"with":[12,95,290],"systemic":[13],"as":[14,16,66,324],"well":[15],"oral":[17,55,67],"complications.":[18],"The":[19,106,202,229],"preventive":[20],"antioxidants":[21,42],"found":[22,167,187,241,271],"in":[23,93,171,177,191,197,236,257,326,344],"saliva":[24,134],"naturally":[25],"reduce":[26],"the":[27,37,83,172,178,192,198,237,250,258,339],"damaging":[28],"effects":[29],"of":[30,40,118,127,209,234,255,292,299,318],"reactive":[31],"oxygen":[32],"molecules.":[33],"Any":[34],"disruption":[35],"to":[36,45,54,61,81,168,188,242,313],"regular":[38],"functioning":[39],"these":[41],"may":[43],"lead":[44],"oxidative":[46],"stress,":[47],"which":[48],"could":[49],"boost":[50],"an":[51],"individual's":[52],"vulnerability":[53],"diseases.":[56],"Diabetes":[57],"patients":[58,94,112,217],"are":[59,335],"vulnerable":[60],"various":[62],"dental":[63,70],"complications,":[64],"such":[65],"mucosal":[68],"disorders,":[69],"caries,":[71],"dry":[72],"mouth,":[73],"and":[74,88,97,123,141,148,158,182,214,222,249,282,287,294,308,321,328],"periodontal":[75],"disease.":[76],"AIM:":[77],"This":[78],"study":[79,108],"aimed":[80],"assess":[82],"salivary":[84,183,280,300,319],"butylated":[85,163,210],"hydroxytoluene":[86,164,211],"(BHT)":[87],"ascorbic":[89],"acid":[90],"(AA)":[91],"levels":[92,150,165,185,284,323],"controlled":[96,120,179,193,213,238,286,307],"uncontrolled":[98,129,173,199,215,259,288,309],"type":[99,330],"mellitus.":[102],"MATERIALS":[103],"AND":[104],"METHODS:":[105],"present":[107],"included":[109],"samples":[110,135],"from":[111,138],"aged":[113],"45-65.":[114],"Group":[115,124],"I":[116],"consisted":[117,126],"20":[119,128],"diabetic":[121,130,174,180,194,200,216,310],"patients,":[122],"II":[125],"patients.":[131],"Unstimulated":[132],"whole":[133],"were":[136,151,166,186,218,303],"collected":[137],"both":[139],"groups,":[140],"laboratory":[142],"analysis":[143],"was":[144,240,261],"done.":[145],"Salivary":[146,162],"BHT":[147,281,320],"AA":[149,184,235,256,283,322],"quantified":[152],"using":[153],"enzyme-linked":[154],"immunosorbent":[155],"assay":[156],"(ELISA)":[157],"spectrophotometric":[159],"assay.":[160],"RESULTS:":[161],"be":[169,189,243],"higher":[170,190],"group":[175,195,239,260],"than":[176,196],"group,":[181],"group.":[201],"mean":[203,230,251],"\u00b1":[204,220,224,231,245,252,263],"standard":[205],"deviation":[206],"(SD)":[207],"values":[208],"among":[212,285],"2.98":[219],"0.12":[221],"2.99":[223,244],"0.11":[225],"absorbance":[226,247,265],"units,":[227,248],"respectively.":[228,296],"SD":[232,253],"value":[233,254],"0.15":[246],"2.64":[262],"0.96":[264],"units.":[266],"However,":[267,312],"it":[268],"has":[269],"been":[270],"that":[272],"there":[273],"no":[275],"statistically":[276],"significant":[277],"difference":[278],"between":[279,306],"diabetics,":[289],"p-values":[291],"0.867":[293],"0.419,":[295],"CONCLUSION:":[297],"Values":[298],"biochemical":[301],"markers":[302],"distinctly":[304],"different":[305],"groups.":[311],"establish":[314],"definite":[316],"role":[317],"biomarkers":[325],"managing":[327],"monitoring":[329],"diabetes,":[332],"future":[333],"studies":[334],"required,":[336],"even":[337],"though":[338],"trends":[340],"exhibit":[341],"possible":[342],"alterations":[343],"biomarkers.":[345]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-03-22T00:00:00"}
