{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392809846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","title":"A Patient With Athlete\u2019s Heart Syndrome: When the Abnormal Is Normal","display_name":"A Patient With Athlete\u2019s Heart Syndrome: When the Abnormal Is Normal","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392809846","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38618425","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11015528"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.56143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/141808/20240314-32227-1k387ia.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/141808/20240314-32227-1k387ia.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018902275","display_name":"Porfirio E Diaz-Rodriguez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138718","display_name":"VA Caribbean Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjwy964","country_code":"PR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210119004","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}],"countries":["PR","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Porfirio E Diaz-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI",". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI",". Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083767787","display_name":"Victor H Molina-Lopez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138718","display_name":"VA Caribbean Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjwy964","country_code":"PR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210119004","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}],"countries":["PR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor H Molina-Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI",". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI",". Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092756142","display_name":"Benjamin A Gonzalez Burgos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-6551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-6551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138718","display_name":"VA Caribbean Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjwy964","country_code":"PR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210119004","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}],"countries":["PR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin  A Gonzalez Burgos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI",". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI",". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069406510","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Escab\u00ed-Mendoza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138718","display_name":"VA Caribbean Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjwy964","country_code":"PR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210119004","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}],"countries":["PR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Escabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI",". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI",". Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Juan, PRI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018902275"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210138718"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8218,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72731445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3","first_page":"e56143","last_page":"e56143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11922","display_name":"Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11922","display_name":"Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10882","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-ventricular-hypertrophy","display_name":"left ventricular hypertrophy","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sinus-bradycardia","display_name":"sinus bradycardia","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrioventricular-block","display_name":"atrioventricular block","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/junctional-escape-rhythm","display_name":"junctional escape rhythm","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-remodeling","display_name":"cardiac remodeling","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-distance-runners","display_name":"long-distance runners","score":0.7390000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.7454431056976318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7435211539268494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6529629230499268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777495988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217111","display_name":"Bradycardia","level":4,"score":0.6202560067176819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995544","display_name":"Sinus bradycardia","level":5,"score":0.5763035416603088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778921608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002035","display_name":"Ventricle","level":2,"score":0.5515074133872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50965678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2724302","display_name":"Abnormality","level":2,"score":0.5443865060806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146403970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205729","display_name":"Repolarization","level":3,"score":0.41140276193618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.33006685972213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.13177096843719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185263204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774","display_name":"Electrophysiology","level":2,"score":0.12975692749023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.56143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/141808/20240314-32227-1k387ia.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11015528","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11015528","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11015528/pdf/cureus-0016-00000056143.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38618425","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38618425","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Case Reports"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.56143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.56143","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/141808/20240314-32227-1k387ia.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392809846.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392809846.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978515812","https://openalex.org/W1981565904","https://openalex.org/W1988043849","https://openalex.org/W2019941028","https://openalex.org/W2321465933","https://openalex.org/W2590105723","https://openalex.org/W4253539606","https://openalex.org/W6745167856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W63654286","https://openalex.org/W183662278","https://openalex.org/W3025518177","https://openalex.org/W175930646","https://openalex.org/W1968336296","https://openalex.org/W2915307995","https://openalex.org/W1990941977","https://openalex.org/W2099075102","https://openalex.org/W4236134325","https://openalex.org/W2327597036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Long-term":[0],"athletic":[1],"training":[2],"can":[3],"result":[4],"in":[5],"structural":[6,83],"and":[7,30,64,104,113,123,134,151],"conduction":[8,45,59],"changes":[9],"within":[10],"the":[11,90,124,144],"heart,":[12],"leading":[13],"to":[14,36,72,79,137,156],"Athlete's":[15],"heart":[16,86],"syndrome":[17,20],"(AHS).":[18],"This":[19,141],"is":[21,77],"characterized":[22,130],"by":[23,49,131],"increased":[24],"left":[25,109],"ventricle":[26],"(LV)":[27],"dimensions,":[28],"thickness,":[29],"mass.":[31],"Dynamic":[32],"exercise":[33],"significantly":[34],"contributes":[35],"these":[37],"alterations,":[38],"with":[39,98,128],"sinus":[40,100],"bradycardia":[41,135],"being":[42],"a":[43,93],"common":[44],"abnormality,":[46],"often":[47],"accompanied":[48],"first-degree":[50],"atrioventricular":[51],"(AV)":[52],"block.":[53],"However,":[54],"higher":[55],"degrees":[56],"of":[57,92,146,153],"AV":[58,102],"abnormalities,":[60],"such":[61],"as":[62],"second-":[63],"third-degree":[65],"blocks,":[66],"though":[67],"rare,":[68],"might":[69],"occur":[70],"due":[71,136],"parasympathetic":[73],"hypertonia.":[74],"Prompt":[75],"evaluation":[76],"necessary":[78],"rule":[80],"out":[81,120],"underlying":[82],"or":[84],"infiltrative":[85],"diseases.":[87],"We":[88],"present":[89],"case":[91,142],"66-year-old":[94],"lifelong":[95],"long-distance":[96],"runner":[97],"marked":[99],"bradycardia,":[101],"dissociation,":[103],"junctional":[105],"escape":[106],"rhythm,":[107],"alongside":[108],"ventricular":[110],"hypertrophy":[111],"(LVH)":[112],"T-wave":[114],"repolarization":[115],"abnormalities.":[116],"Subsequent":[117],"studies":[118],"ruled":[119],"possible":[121],"pathologies,":[122],"patient":[125],"was":[126],"diagnosed":[127],"AHS,":[129],"cardiac":[132,139,149],"remodeling":[133],"prolonged":[138],"loading.":[140],"underscores":[143],"importance":[145],"clinical":[147],"assessment,":[148],"imaging,":[150],"exclusion":[152],"pathologic":[154],"causes":[155],"distinguish":[157],"normal":[158],"physiological":[159],"adaptations":[160],"from":[161],"potentially":[162],"concerning":[163],"conditions.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-03-15T00:00:00"}