{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392696291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","title":"Correlates of Spirituality among African American and Black Caribbean Emerging Adults","display_name":"Correlates of Spirituality among African American and Black Caribbean Emerging Adults","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392696291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38645934","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11027557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rel15030341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/341/pdf?version=1710236905","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184657","display_name":"Religions","issn_l":"2077-1444","issn":["2077-1444"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/341/pdf?version=1710236905","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006140288","display_name":"Meredith O. Hope","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-5969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2963-5969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118746106","display_name":"College of Wooster","ror":"https://ror.org/029zqs055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118746106"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meredith Hope","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH 44692, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH 44692, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118746106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005832399","display_name":"Ann W. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-0773","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-0773"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ann Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027597426","display_name":"Robert Joseph Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-9074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-9074"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041262000","display_name":"Linda M. Chatters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-2541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-2541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Chatters","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA","School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-2541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006140288"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118746106"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2046},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2046},"fwci":5.1494,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9632797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"341","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10509","display_name":"Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10509","display_name":"Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11507","display_name":"Religion and Society Interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirituality","display_name":"spirituality","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-adults","display_name":"emerging adults","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-americans","display_name":"African Americans","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-caribbean","display_name":"Black Caribbean","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-correlates","display_name":"demographic correlates","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohabitation","display_name":"cohabitation","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unemployment","display_name":"unemployment","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-differences","display_name":"ethnic differences","score":0.3140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514793146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796","display_name":"Spirituality","level":3,"score":0.8512972593307495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.49474188685417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3948121666908264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.37217915058135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.35890474915504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3509160280227661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.26543527841567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2546774744987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2425215244293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.06547945737838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rel15030341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/341/pdf?version=1710236905","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184657","display_name":"Religions","issn_l":"2077-1444","issn":["2077-1444"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38645934","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38645934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11027557","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11027557","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11027557/pdf/nihms-1981883.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Religions (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f1b21a8e102c46a5b3e55bad2e7afd6f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f1b21a8e102c46a5b3e55bad2e7afd6f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Religions, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 341 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rel15030341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15030341","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/15/3/341/pdf?version=1710236905","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184657","display_name":"Religions","issn_l":"2077-1444","issn":["2077-1444"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4043000042438507,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000863382","display_name":"Michigan Center for Diabetes Translational Research","funder_award_id":"P30DK092926","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000871083","display_name":"Summer Training Program in Integrative Methods for Mental and Physical Health","funder_award_id":"R25MH136652","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000890560","display_name":"Cleveland Alzheimers Disease Research Center","funder_award_id":"P30AG072959","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000913895","display_name":"Research Centers Collaborative Network Renewal","funder_award_id":"U24AG058556","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000916311","display_name":"Michigan Center for Urban African American Aging Research","funder_award_id":"P30AG015281","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392696291.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392696291.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43118968","https://openalex.org/W179784679","https://openalex.org/W312852788","https://openalex.org/W640454285","https://openalex.org/W1620041268","https://openalex.org/W1910912822","https://openalex.org/W1968523158","https://openalex.org/W1977827680","https://openalex.org/W1986707593","https://openalex.org/W1996601860","https://openalex.org/W1996869481","https://openalex.org/W2011825435","https://openalex.org/W2012186625","https://openalex.org/W2012606909","https://openalex.org/W2018211994","https://openalex.org/W2022987203","https://openalex.org/W2042987542","https://openalex.org/W2076421037","https://openalex.org/W2087120016","https://openalex.org/W2110219485","https://openalex.org/W2111281235","https://openalex.org/W2124342855","https://openalex.org/W2130230901","https://openalex.org/W2139747708","https://openalex.org/W2147867618","https://openalex.org/W2165276361","https://openalex.org/W2169952891","https://openalex.org/W2481171314","https://openalex.org/W2582179826","https://openalex.org/W2595310201","https://openalex.org/W2751961584","https://openalex.org/W2883281659","https://openalex.org/W2891671578","https://openalex.org/W2922093238","https://openalex.org/W4205212919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110219485","https://openalex.org/W1977827680","https://openalex.org/W2076627098","https://openalex.org/W43118968","https://openalex.org/W2006662732","https://openalex.org/W2087120016","https://openalex.org/W6926448857","https://openalex.org/W4391785460","https://openalex.org/W7053077287","https://openalex.org/W2995632946"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spirituality":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,100,152],"significant":[3],"cultural":[4],"strength":[5],"and":[6,80,87,107,137,196],"resource":[7],"for":[8,43,83,142,179],"Black":[9,44,55,89,112,143,180,199],"emerging":[10,19,45,91,200],"adults.":[11,201],"Numerous":[12],"studies":[13,33],"show":[14],"that":[15],"increasing":[16],"numbers":[17],"of":[18,41,62,72,75,134,161,175,190],"adults":[20,46,92],"tend":[21],"to":[22,34,67,130,171,192],"identify":[23,68],"themselves":[24],"as":[25],"being":[26,99],"spiritual":[27],"but":[28],"not":[29],"religious.":[30],"However,":[31,110],"no":[32,148],"date":[35],"have":[36],"identified":[37],"the":[38,59,69],"demographic":[39,70],"correlates":[40,71],"spirituality":[42,76,79,106,116,136],"from":[47,58],"different":[48],"ethnic":[49,168],"groups":[50,169],"(i.e.,":[51],"African":[52,85,97,122],"American":[53,63,86],"vs.":[54],"Caribbean).":[56],"Data":[57],"National":[60],"Survey":[61],"Life":[64],"was":[65,156,182],"used":[66],"2":[73],"indicators":[74],"(e.g.,":[77],"self-rated":[78,105,135],"subjective":[81,108,138,186],"spirituality)":[82],"802":[84],"428":[88],"Caribbean":[90],"using":[93],"linear":[94],"regression.":[95],"For":[96],"Americans,":[98],"woman":[101],"predicted":[102],"both":[103,167],"greater":[104],"spirituality.":[109,139,162,177,187],"among":[111],"Caribbeans":[113,181],"men":[114],"rated":[115],"higher":[117,126,132],"in":[118,166],"importance":[119],"than":[120],"women.":[121],"Americans":[123],"who":[124,194],"reported":[125],"educational":[127],"attainment":[128],"tended":[129,170],"report":[131,172],"levels":[133,174],"Romantic":[140],"status":[141],"Caribbeans,":[144],"whether":[145],"they":[146],"had":[147],"romantic":[149,154],"involvement":[150],"or":[151],"current":[153],"partner,":[155],"associated":[157,183],"with":[158,184,198],"lower":[159,173,185],"self-ratings":[160],"Unmarried":[163],"cohabitating":[164],"individuals":[165],"self-related":[176],"Unemployment":[178],"Findings":[188],"are":[189],"interest":[191],"those":[193],"serve":[195],"work":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-03-13T00:00:00"}