{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392644571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","title":"Application of an Innovative Centrifuge-Based Soil Pore Water Sampling Method in Basalt Enhanced Weathering Field Trials.","display_name":"Application of an Innovative Centrifuge-Based Soil Pore Water Sampling Method in Basalt Enhanced Weathering Field Trials.","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392644571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037816602","display_name":"Ane\u017eka Bor\u010dinov\u00e1 Radkov\u00e1","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anezka Radkova","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"XinRan Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"XinRan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022537045","display_name":"Tzara Bierowiec","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzara Bierowiec","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Erin Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055408870","display_name":"Ifeoma Gloria Edeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-9777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-9777"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ifeoma Edeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-9777","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111143909","display_name":"Amy Frew","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Frew","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101073646","display_name":"Matthew Healy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Healy","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046294864","display_name":"Lucy Jones","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucy Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094114336","display_name":"Amy Mc Bride","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Mc Bride","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027679442","display_name":"Mel Murphy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mel Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert Palmer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042164311","display_name":"Kirstine Skov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3687"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kirstine Skov","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094114335","display_name":"Utku Solpuker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Utku Solpuker","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Will Turner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-2856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-2856"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Will Turner","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-2856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108907287","display_name":"Villa de Toro Sanchez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Villa de Toro Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078655482","display_name":"Peter Wade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-7769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-7769"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Wade","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081181691","display_name":"Jez Wardman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jez Wardman","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jim Mann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim Mann","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNDO, Science, United Kingdom of Great Britain \u2013 England, Scotland, Wales(anezka.radkova@un-do.com)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055408870"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide-removal","display_name":"carbon dioxide removal","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-alkalinity","display_name":"soil alkalinity","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-ph","display_name":"soil pH","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bicarbonate","display_name":"bicarbonate","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-sequestration","display_name":"CO2 sequestration","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-inorganic-carbon","display_name":"soil inorganic carbon","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-trials","display_name":"field trials","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780657338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191134","display_name":"Centrifuge","level":2,"score":0.8434493541717529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40724407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179177","display_name":"Weathering","level":2,"score":0.8382519483566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161509811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43338","display_name":"Basalt","level":2,"score":0.7516958713531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5715094804763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4418484568595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.43261975049972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.37155163288116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3241756558418274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.26076266169548035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20079141855239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10709637403488159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.055899471044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-20843","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.685699999332428,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"},{"score":0.6618000268936157,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4408765819","https://openalex.org/W7142993039","https://openalex.org/W4408434514","https://openalex.org/W4408487473","https://openalex.org/W4322010422","https://openalex.org/W7126147365","https://openalex.org/W4400944563","https://openalex.org/W4280537122","https://openalex.org/W4387037148","https://openalex.org/W4416716436"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Basalt":[0],"Enhanced":[1],"Weathering":[2],"as":[3,61,97,196],"a":[4,93,214,255,297],"Carbon":[5],"Dioxide":[6],"Removal":[7],"(CDR)":[8],"technology":[9],"accelerates":[10],"natural":[11],"weathering,":[12],"enhancing":[13],"the":[14,18,24,31,49,53,101,110,137,142,155,207,226,236,265,274,279,308],"CO2":[15,45,85,94,108],"removal":[16,95],"from":[17,160,221,284],"atmosphere.":[19],"The":[20],"main":[21],"objective":[22],"of":[23,103,139,145,149,165,198,281],"ongoing":[25,282],"field":[26,311],"trials":[27],"in":[28,52,58,88,203,248,262,273],"Scotland":[29],"and":[30,74,126,141,170,189,201,238,244,251,287,304],"UK":[32],"is":[33,80,92],"to":[34,41,134,157,192,234,291],"combine":[35],"geochemistry":[36],"modelling":[37],"with":[38,106,162],"in-field":[39],"measurement":[40,306],"most":[42],"accurately":[43],"quantify":[44],"sequestration.":[46,86],"To":[47],"measure":[48],"weathering":[50,112,310],"signal":[51],"field,":[54],"we":[55,211],"track":[56],"changes":[57],"indicators":[59],"such":[60,195],"soil":[62,66,75,89,288],"inorganic":[63],"carbon":[64,68],"(SIC),":[65],"organic":[67],"(SOC),":[69],"exchangeable":[70],"cations,":[71,125],"trace/immobile":[72],"elements,":[73],"biomass.":[76],"Pore":[77],"water":[78,91,117,151,159,178,219,302],"analysis":[79],"critical":[81],"for":[82,118,176,185,217,300,307],"directly":[83],"quantifying":[84],"Bicarbonate":[87],"pore":[90,116,150,177,218,301],"indicator,":[96],"it":[98],"forms":[99],"through":[100,206],"reaction":[102],"silicate":[104],"minerals":[105],"dissolved":[107,199],"during":[109],"initial":[111,227],"process.":[113],"We":[114,277],"analyze":[115],"pH,":[119],"alkalinity,":[120],"Electrical":[121],"Conductivity":[122],"(EC),":[123],"major":[124],"anions.":[127],"This":[128],"task":[129],"can":[130],"be":[131,183,296],"challenging":[132],"due":[133,191],"sampling":[135,220,303],"issues,":[136],"absence":[138],"rainfall,":[140],"time-sensitive":[143],"nature":[144],"alkalinity":[146,190,240,305],"measurements.":[147],"Analyses":[148],"chemistry":[152],"rely":[153],"on":[154],"ability":[156],"separate":[158],"solids":[161],"minimal":[163],"modification":[164],"its":[166],"chemistry.":[167],"Rhizon":[168],"samplers":[169],"ceramic":[171],"lysimeters":[172],"are":[173,212],"commonly":[174],"used":[175],"extraction.":[179],"They":[180],"may":[181],"not":[182],"ideal":[184],"parameters":[186],"like":[187],"pH":[188,237],"certain":[193],"limitations,":[194],"degassing":[197],"gases,":[200],"biases":[202],"molecule":[204],"diffusion":[205],"membrane.":[208],"In":[209,225],"response,":[210],"testing":[213],"centrifuge":[215,250,266,294],"method":[216,299],"basalt":[222],"amended":[223],"fields.":[224],"trial,":[228],"statistical":[229],"significance":[230,270],"tests":[231,283],"were":[232],"conducted":[233,290],"compare":[235],"total":[239],"between":[241],"control":[242],"plot":[243],"Treatment":[245],"126":[246],"t/ha":[247],"both":[249],"rhizon":[252,275],"samples,":[253],"revealing":[254],"statistically":[256],"significant":[257],"difference":[258],"(p":[259],"<":[260],"0.05)":[261],"values":[263],"within":[264],"samples.":[267,276],"However,":[268],"no":[269],"was":[271],"observed":[272],"present":[278],"results":[280],"different":[285],"treatments":[286],"types":[289],"investigate":[292],"whether":[293],"would":[295],"suitable":[298],"enhanced":[309],"trials.":[312]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2024-03-12T00:00:00"}