{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392606322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","title":"Measuring the Effect of Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojna (AB-PMJAY) on Health Expenditure among Poor Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Northern State of India","display_name":"Measuring the Effect of Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojna (AB-PMJAY) on Health Expenditure among Poor Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Northern State of India","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392606322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38665468","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11042133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195303007","display_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","issn_l":"0970-0218","issn":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044693983","display_name":"Shweta Kanwal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148181","display_name":"Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04ce4rf90","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shweta Kanwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107993683","display_name":"Dinesh Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3580-4415","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3580-4415"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148181","display_name":"Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04ce4rf90","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dinesh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101029815","display_name":"Raman Chauhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-9817","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-9817"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148181","display_name":"Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04ce4rf90","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raman Chauhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039827955","display_name":"Sunil Kumar Raina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-4338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3863-4338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148181","display_name":"Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/04ce4rf90","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Kumar Raina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107993683"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148181"],"apc_list":{"value":80,"currency":"USD","value_usd":80},"apc_paid":{"value":80,"currency":"USD","value_usd":80},"fwci":6.21,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9725228,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"2","first_page":"342","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12708","display_name":"Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catastrophic-health-expenditure","display_name":"catastrophic health expenditure","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-pocket-costs","display_name":"out-of-pocket costs","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-insurance","display_name":"health insurance","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-protection","display_name":"financial protection","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-patients","display_name":"low-income patients","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tertiary-hospital","display_name":"tertiary care hospital","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/himachal-pradesh","display_name":"Himachal Pradesh","score":0.949999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7558426260948181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991842025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Tertiary care","level":2,"score":0.5077470541000366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.47951725125312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019871722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718944","display_name":"Hospital admission","level":2,"score":0.42383524775505066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3308804929256439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.2777918577194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.23341426253318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195303007","display_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","issn_l":"0970-0218","issn":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11042133","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11042133","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11042133/pdf/IJCM-49-342.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian J Community Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38665468","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38665468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_713_22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195303007","display_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","issn_l":"0970-0218","issn":["0970-0218","1998-3581"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.41670000553131104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392606322.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392606322.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1637663467","https://openalex.org/W1968553315","https://openalex.org/W2030799990","https://openalex.org/W2046141107","https://openalex.org/W2062281358","https://openalex.org/W2115152795","https://openalex.org/W2116580380","https://openalex.org/W2165425080","https://openalex.org/W2222938756","https://openalex.org/W2276278044","https://openalex.org/W2331729823","https://openalex.org/W2412601016","https://openalex.org/W2576809816","https://openalex.org/W2780496980","https://openalex.org/W2825132852","https://openalex.org/W2859304212","https://openalex.org/W2884810548","https://openalex.org/W2889862531","https://openalex.org/W2896467115","https://openalex.org/W2911560900","https://openalex.org/W2921942266","https://openalex.org/W2947241540","https://openalex.org/W2947822469","https://openalex.org/W2960240509","https://openalex.org/W2981955973","https://openalex.org/W3012441154","https://openalex.org/W3034419513","https://openalex.org/W3108245020","https://openalex.org/W3121572168","https://openalex.org/W3130690995","https://openalex.org/W3158832075","https://openalex.org/W3170122149","https://openalex.org/W4210822021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409459598","https://openalex.org/W4388094733","https://openalex.org/W4414404386","https://openalex.org/W4404221269","https://openalex.org/W4406751874","https://openalex.org/W7147635634","https://openalex.org/W4399922112","https://openalex.org/W4412638156","https://openalex.org/W4401516183","https://openalex.org/W4385576162"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"(AB-PMJAY)":[1],"as":[2,115],"a":[3,42,54,67,138,235],"financial":[4],"risk":[5],"protection":[6],"scheme":[7,226],"intends":[8],"to":[9,24,63,128,165,174,189,211,222,228],"reduce":[10],"catastrophic":[11],"health":[12],"expenditure":[13,95,98,103],"(CHE),":[14],"especially":[15],"among":[16,198],"poor.":[17],"The":[18,148,160,179],"current":[19],"study":[20,57],"was":[21,53,105,113,163,196],"carried":[22,58],"out":[23,59],"assess":[25],"the":[26,46],"utility":[27],"of":[28,32,49,71,120,126,134,141,151,155,182,201,206],"AB-PMJAY":[29,225],"in":[30,34,41,45,231,234],"terms":[31],"reduction":[33],"CHE":[35,112,195,233],"from":[36,60,78,185],"before":[37,107],"and":[38,80,83,100,108,122,172,203,218],"after":[39,109,220],"admission":[40,221],"tertiary":[43,69,236],"hospital":[44,70,110],"northern":[47],"state":[48],"India.":[50,74],"Methodology:":[51],"It":[52,209],"hospital-based":[55],"cross-sectional":[56],"August":[61],"2020":[62],"October":[64],"2021":[65],"at":[66],"public":[68],"Himachal":[72],"Pradesh,":[73],"Data":[75],"were":[76,144],"collected":[77],"surgery-":[79],"medicine-allied":[81],"(SA":[82],"MA)":[84],"specialties.":[85,178],"Along":[86],"with":[87,137],"socio-demographic":[88],"details,":[89],"information":[90],"for":[91],"total":[92,133],"monthly":[93],"family":[94],"(TMFE),":[96],"out-of-pocket":[97],"(OOPE),":[99],"indirect":[101],"illness-related":[102],"(IIE)":[104],"recorded":[106],"admission.":[111],"considered":[114],"more":[116,123],"than":[117,124,157],"10.0%":[118],"OOPE":[119,180],"THFE":[121],"40.0%":[125],"capacity":[127],"pay":[129],"(CTP).":[130],"Results:":[131],"A":[132],"336":[135],"participants":[136,152],"mean":[139,161],"age":[140],"46":[142],"years":[143],"recruited":[145],"(MA:":[146],"54.6%).":[147],"majority":[149],"(~93.0%)":[150],"had":[153],"illness":[154],"fewer":[156],"6":[158],"months.":[159],"TMFE":[162,183],"observed":[164],"be":[166,175,229],"INR":[167],"4213.1":[168],"(standard":[169],"deviation:":[170],"2483.7)":[171],"found":[173,197,227],"similar":[176],"across":[177],"share":[181],"declined":[184],"76.1%":[186],"(before":[187],"admission)":[188],"30.0%":[190],"(after":[191],"admission).":[192],"Before":[193],"admission,":[194],"65.5%":[199],"(10.0%":[200],"THFE)":[202],"54.2%":[204],"(40.0%":[205],"CTP)":[207,219],"participants.":[208],"reduced":[210],"about":[212],"29.0%":[213],"(based":[214],"on":[215],"both":[216],"THE":[217],"hospital.":[223,237],"Conclusion:":[224],"useful":[230],"reducing":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-03-09T00:00:00"}
