{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392575245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2403.03097","title":"Tappy: Predicting Tap Accuracy of User-Interface Elements by Reverse-Engineering Webpage Structures","display_name":"Tappy: Predicting Tap Accuracy of User-Interface Elements by Reverse-Engineering Webpage Structures","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392575245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2403.03097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2403.03097","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03097","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.03097","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.03097","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074305558","display_name":"Hiroki Usuba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-7231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-7231"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usuba, Hiroki","raw_affiliation_strings":["LY Corporation , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LY Corporation , Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051176594","display_name":"Junichi Sato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-2159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-2159"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sato, Junichi","raw_affiliation_strings":["JUNICHI SATO ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JUNICHI SATO ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056338794","display_name":"Naomi Sasaya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasaya, Naomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["LY Corporation , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LY Corporation , Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058457491","display_name":"Shota Yamanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9807-120X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9807-120X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yamanaka, Shota","raw_affiliation_strings":["LY Corporation , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LY Corporation , Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111919524","display_name":"Fumiya Yamashita","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yamashita, Fumiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["LY Corporation , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LY Corporation , Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.8256999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.8256999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.08590000122785568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.02759999968111515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element-size","display_name":"element size","score":0.7689999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6282552480697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5707119703292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.487968385219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.43138253688812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.41115081310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3579784035682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.32767775654792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.303653359413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2403.03097","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03097","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.03097","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2403.03097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2403.03097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2403.03097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2403.03097","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.03097","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.03097","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392575245.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392575245.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984675928","https://openalex.org/W1992057865","https://openalex.org/W2022599620","https://openalex.org/W2098924240","https://openalex.org/W2112103637","https://openalex.org/W2115063264","https://openalex.org/W2120792663","https://openalex.org/W2127736334","https://openalex.org/W2133227699","https://openalex.org/W2143355978","https://openalex.org/W2145036787","https://openalex.org/W2158447593","https://openalex.org/W2241093273","https://openalex.org/W2765874585","https://openalex.org/W2800670173","https://openalex.org/W2880396723","https://openalex.org/W2888273067","https://openalex.org/W2897966957","https://openalex.org/W2916286502","https://openalex.org/W2982910342","https://openalex.org/W3029223560","https://openalex.org/W3030492449","https://openalex.org/W3093509095","https://openalex.org/W3096891957","https://openalex.org/W3212314086","https://openalex.org/W4224981985","https://openalex.org/W4232988765","https://openalex.org/W4239127880","https://openalex.org/W4308990695","https://openalex.org/W4319068675","https://openalex.org/W4366550118","https://openalex.org/W4366550453","https://openalex.org/W4387801102","https://openalex.org/W4388142035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404344924","https://openalex.org/W2916286502","https://openalex.org/W4224981985","https://openalex.org/W7140162287","https://openalex.org/W2994647944","https://openalex.org/W2036970623","https://openalex.org/W1519862230","https://openalex.org/W6948202990","https://openalex.org/W2468926503","https://openalex.org/W3196600370"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Selecting":[0],"a":[1,5,15,19],"UI":[2,64,91],"element":[3,48,76],"is":[4,25,49],"fundamental":[6],"operation":[7],"on":[8,22,51,66,74,93],"webpages,":[9],"and":[10,68,83],"the":[11,70,75,94,120],"ease":[12],"of":[13,80,90,96],"tapping":[14],"target":[16],"object":[17],"has":[18],"significant":[20],"impact":[21],"usability.":[23],"It":[24],"thus":[26],"important":[27],"to":[28,34,106,110],"analyze":[29],"existing":[30],"UIs":[31],"in":[32,41],"order":[33],"design":[35,92],"better":[36],"ones.":[37],"However,":[38],"tools":[39],"proposed":[40],"previous":[42],"studies":[43],"cannot":[44],"identify":[45,62],"whether":[46],"an":[47],"tappable":[50,63],"modern":[52],"webpages.":[53],"In":[54],"this":[55,104],"study,":[56],"we":[57,101],"developed":[58],"Tappy":[59,87,117],"that":[60,86],"can":[61,115],"elements":[65],"webpages":[67],"estimate":[69],"tap-success":[71],"rate":[72],"based":[73],"size.":[77],"Our":[78],"interviews":[79],"professional":[81],"designers":[82],"engineers":[84],"showed":[85],"helped":[88],"discussions":[89],"basis":[95],"its":[97],"quantitative":[98],"metric.":[99],"Furthermore,":[100],"have":[102],"launched":[103],"tool":[105],"be":[107],"freely":[108],"available":[109],"external":[111],"users,":[112],"so":[113],"readers":[114],"access":[116],"by":[118],"visiting":[119],"website":[121],"(https://tappy.yahoo.co.jp).":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-03-08T00:00:00"}