{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392565730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","title":"Bus stop spacing statistics: Theory and evidence","display_name":"Bus stop spacing statistics: Theory and evidence","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392565730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212366","display_name":"Journal of Public Transportation","issn_l":"1077-291X","issn":["1077-291X","2375-0901"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Public Transportation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038135802","display_name":"Saipraneeth Devunuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5911-4681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5911-4681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saipraneeth Devunuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002178873","display_name":"Lewis Lehe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8029-1706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8029-1706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lewis J. Lehe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060706116","display_name":"Shirin Qiam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-5656","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9720-5656"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shirin Qiam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072815440","display_name":"Ayush Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2524-2618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2524-2618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayush Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073450931","display_name":"Dana Monzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4688-6359","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4688-6359"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dana Monzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University Transportation Center,\u00a0United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University Transportation Center,\u00a0United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002178873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2300},"fwci":4.0599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9315236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":null,"first_page":"100083","last_page":"100083"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bus-stop-spacing","display_name":"bus stop spacing","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-transit-feed-specification","display_name":"General Transit Feed Specification","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gtfs","display_name":"GTFS","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transit-planning","display_name":"public transport planning","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.47099998593330383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5876842737197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.434222549200058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37527015805244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37028834223747253}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212366","display_name":"Journal of Public Transportation","issn_l":"1077-291X","issn":["1077-291X","2375-0901"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Public Transportation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:eb65bec9537f4ddf8aaf2faff07539df","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/eb65bec9537f4ddf8aaf2faff07539df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Public Transportation, Vol 26, Iss , Pp 100083- (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubtr.2024.100083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212366","display_name":"Journal of Public Transportation","issn_l":"1077-291X","issn":["1077-291X","2375-0901"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Public Transportation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529210004","https://openalex.org/W2020544613","https://openalex.org/W2041422380","https://openalex.org/W2047255134","https://openalex.org/W2055576367","https://openalex.org/W2065964860","https://openalex.org/W2067492572","https://openalex.org/W2076029093","https://openalex.org/W2086864671","https://openalex.org/W2098506221","https://openalex.org/W2099509496","https://openalex.org/W2114724378","https://openalex.org/W2121321409","https://openalex.org/W3005805710","https://openalex.org/W3193582413","https://openalex.org/W4232150606","https://openalex.org/W4280545392","https://openalex.org/W4280612970","https://openalex.org/W4311715259","https://openalex.org/W4392961014","https://openalex.org/W4398839298","https://openalex.org/W4398973862","https://openalex.org/W6802815417"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4299510990","https://openalex.org/W3193582413","https://openalex.org/W4392961014","https://openalex.org/W3136117539","https://openalex.org/W632617391","https://openalex.org/W2393102505","https://openalex.org/W584048368","https://openalex.org/W2097390385","https://openalex.org/W628291536","https://openalex.org/W2097240676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Discussions":[0],"of":[1,30,95,103,140],"bus":[2,31,57],"stop":[3,9,32,162],"consolidation":[4],"sometimes":[5,126],"refer":[6],"to":[7,27,157],"average":[8],"spacings,":[10,18],"but":[11,128],"there":[12],"are":[13,109,123],"no":[14],"reliable":[15],"statistics":[16,42,68,82],"about":[17],"nor":[19],"methodologies":[20],"for":[21,40,83],"calculating":[22],"them.":[23],"This":[24],"paper":[25,137],"aims":[26],"clarify":[28],"discussions":[29],"spacings":[33,108,122],"by":[34,143],"introducing":[35],"clear":[36],"definitions,":[37],"a":[38,51,93],"methodology":[39],"creating":[41],"from":[43,69,98,148],"General":[44],"Transit":[45],"Feed":[46],"Specification":[47],"(GTFS)":[48],"files,":[49],"and":[50,74,92,105,151,155],"python":[52],"package,":[53,64],"gtfs-segments,":[54],"which":[55],"splits":[56],"networks":[58],"into":[59],"isolated":[60],"\u2018segments.\u2019":[61],"With":[62],"the":[63,87,136],"we":[65],"calculate":[66],"national-level":[67],"539":[70],"US":[71,104,121],"transit":[72,158],"providers":[73,85,97],"83":[75],"Canadian":[76,106],"providers,":[77],"as":[78,80],"well":[79],"agency-level":[81],"30":[84],"in":[86,90,132],"US,":[88],"10":[89],"Canada,":[91],"sample":[94],"38":[96],"other":[99,133,149],"countries.":[100,134],"Our":[101],"estimates":[102],"mean":[107],"both":[110],"around":[111],"350":[112],"m":[113],"(slightly":[114],"wider":[115,124],"than":[116,125,130],"five":[117],"stops":[118],"per":[119],"mile).":[120],"claimed":[127],"narrower":[129],"those":[131],"Finally,":[135],"gives":[138],"examples":[139],"metrics":[141],"created":[142],"combining":[144],"GTFS":[145],"with":[146],"data":[147],"sources":[150],"proposes":[152],"research":[153],"ideas":[154],"applications":[156],"planning":[159],"involving":[160],"fine-grained":[161],"spacing":[163],"data.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-21T09:56:26.102985","created_date":"2024-03-08T00:00:00"}
