{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392200693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","title":"Do Women and Minority Orthopaedic Residents Report Experiencing Worse Well-being and More Mistreatment Than Their Peers?","display_name":"Do Women and Minority Orthopaedic Residents Report Experiencing Worse Well-being and More Mistreatment Than Their Peers?","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392200693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38411996","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11281777"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191421250","display_name":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research","issn_l":"0009-921X","issn":["0009-921X","1528-1132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Orthopaedics &amp; Related Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11281777/pdf/abjs-482-1325.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059882667","display_name":"Katherine M. Gerull","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-2963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-2963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine M. Gerull","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083260275","display_name":"Sandra E. Klein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-1186","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-1186"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149500","display_name":"Mercy Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05qye4525","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113060","https://openalex.org/I4210149500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra E. Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mercy Hospital St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mercy Hospital St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062791274","display_name":"Anna N. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-8502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-8502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna N. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-8502","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051643154","display_name":"Cara A. Cipriano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-9899","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-9899"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cara A. Cipriano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9104,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96943231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"482","issue":"8","first_page":"1325","last_page":"1337"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10795","display_name":"Healthcare professionals\u2019 stress and burnout","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthopaedic-residency","display_name":"orthopaedic residency","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-medicine","display_name":"women in medicine","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-residents","display_name":"minority residents","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resident-well-being","display_name":"resident well-being","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/burnout","display_name":"burnout","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotype-threat","display_name":"stereotype threat","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maltreatment","display_name":"maltreatment","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-exhaustion","display_name":"emotional exhaustion","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-belonging","display_name":"social belonging","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lifestyle-satisfaction","display_name":"lifestyle satisfaction","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attrition","display_name":"attrition","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-disparities","display_name":"racial and ethnic disparities","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimal-detectable-change","display_name":"minimal detectable change","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-equity-in-medicine","display_name":"gender equity in medicine","score":0.3330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9612575769424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68312169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216685","display_name":"Orthopedic surgery","level":2,"score":0.6121059060096741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43893838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840545","display_name":"Sports medicine","level":2,"score":0.46945565938949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4280872344970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3867650330066681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3723750412464142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.32997971773147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.22487321496009827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072161","descriptor_name":"Orthopedic Surgeons","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001291","descriptor_name":"Attitude of Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002055","descriptor_name":"Burnout, Professional","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002055","descriptor_name":"Burnout, Professional","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004503","descriptor_name":"Education, Medical, Graduate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007396","descriptor_name":"Internship and Residency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007588","descriptor_name":"Job Satisfaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008913","descriptor_name":"Minority Groups","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009985","descriptor_name":"Orthopedics","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010379","descriptor_name":"Peer Group","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010822","descriptor_name":"Physicians, Women","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013240","descriptor_name":"Stereotyping","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063507","descriptor_name":"Sexism","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/corr.0000000000003015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191421250","display_name":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research","issn_l":"0009-921X","issn":["0009-921X","1528-1132"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Orthopaedics &amp; Related Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11121636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11281777","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11281777/pdf/abjs-482-1325.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11281777","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11281777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38411996","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38411996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical orthopaedics and related research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11121636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11281777","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11281777/pdf/abjs-482-1325.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392200693.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392200693.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598271728","https://openalex.org/W1985701917","https://openalex.org/W1986983875","https://openalex.org/W1997123470","https://openalex.org/W2020710864","https://openalex.org/W2042254016","https://openalex.org/W2045594163","https://openalex.org/W2046033182","https://openalex.org/W2075382077","https://openalex.org/W2081163916","https://openalex.org/W2118460347","https://openalex.org/W2139204978","https://openalex.org/W2144334026","https://openalex.org/W2161577944","https://openalex.org/W2174567765","https://openalex.org/W2305674907","https://openalex.org/W2324257729","https://openalex.org/W2408472862","https://openalex.org/W2412549517","https://openalex.org/W2513498356","https://openalex.org/W2582555793","https://openalex.org/W2616784266","https://openalex.org/W2765822937","https://openalex.org/W2892076725","https://openalex.org/W2911353405","https://openalex.org/W2912622330","https://openalex.org/W2948139829","https://openalex.org/W2956111774","https://openalex.org/W2965606429","https://openalex.org/W2981816684","https://openalex.org/W2982337299","https://openalex.org/W3012159687","https://openalex.org/W3012321926","https://openalex.org/W3016164079","https://openalex.org/W3088281831","https://openalex.org/W3093157937","https://openalex.org/W3095489532","https://openalex.org/W3165470606","https://openalex.org/W4206079851","https://openalex.org/W4233188495","https://openalex.org/W4319461850","https://openalex.org/W4381327645"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394873894","https://openalex.org/W4400649048","https://openalex.org/W4409131473","https://openalex.org/W4402201323","https://openalex.org/W7162298977","https://openalex.org/W4317565172","https://openalex.org/W4381431122","https://openalex.org/W4403431344","https://openalex.org/W4387949056","https://openalex.org/W2323824504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Despite":[1],"the":[2,23,62,77,111,134,138,148,210,269,310,317,340,344,768],"increased":[3],"risk":[4],"of":[5,20,26,65,73,79,113,121,193,204,206,257,273,299,349,426,468,512,514,519,521,558,560,566,568,670,693,719,755,767],"attrition":[6,780],"for":[7,39,771,849],"women":[8,40,66,97,114,390,431,515,665,724,738,751,772,800],"and":[9,48,67,85,98,115,173,191,220,249,262,281,293,315,327,347,405,496,516,563,628,730,741,750,773,788,801,819,825,837,847],"minority":[10,42,68,99,116],"residents":[11,43,51,69,100,118,163,207,227,358,543,549,562,570,642,648,685,697,743,775,792,803],"during":[12,56,93,781,804],"orthopaedic":[13,117,130,162,274,809],"residency,":[14,195],"there":[15,107],"is":[16,265,278,337],"currently":[17],"a":[18,108,320,324,328,332,401,527,575],"paucity":[19],"research":[21],"examining":[22],"training":[24,769],"environment":[25,770],"these":[27,50,243],"residents.":[28],"To":[29],"address":[30,841],"this,":[31],"we":[32,303,710,721],"examined":[33],"how":[34,786],"well-being":[35,787,818],"constructs":[36,78],"may":[37],"differ":[38,95],"or":[41,213,235,239,351,424,486,615],"compared":[44,101,124],"with":[45,71,102,119,125,157,177,509,555],"their":[46,74,103,126,165,387,735,748,834],"peers,":[47,749],"whether":[49],"report":[52,365,506,551,597,650,725,731,744],"experiencing":[53,366,383,507,552,598,651,726],"more":[54,360,501,545,592,644,688,727,745,753],"mistreatment":[55,91,524,553,746,789,820],"residency.":[57],"QUESTIONS/PURPOSES:":[58],"(1)":[59],"How":[60],"does":[61],"psychologic":[63],"wellbeing":[64],"compare":[70],"that":[72,242,723,776,808],"peers":[75],"regarding":[76,386,734],"burnout,":[80,183],"lifestyle":[81,419,462],"satisfaction,":[82,184],"social":[83,427,469],"belonging,":[84,187],"stereotype":[86,188,384,487,732],"threat?":[87],"(2)":[88],"Do":[89],"reported":[90,338,382],"experiences":[92],"residency":[94,123,131,275,672,757],"among":[96],"peers?":[104,127],"(3)":[105],"Is":[106],"difference":[109,322,330,402,434,476],"in":[110,133,147,196,222,252,403,449,716,794,844],"proportion":[112],"thoughts":[120,192,669,692,754],"leaving":[122,194,671,694,756],"METHODS:":[128],"Seventeen":[129],"programs":[132,136],"91":[135],"comprising":[137],"Collaborative":[139],"Orthopaedic":[140],"Educational":[141],"Research":[142],"Group":[143],"agreed":[144],"to":[145,160,181,198,209,268,308,364,376,414,439,457,481,505,537,550,585,596,606,623,636,649,659,678,690,703,779,797,821,840],"participate":[146],"study.":[149],"Program":[150],"directors":[151],"sent":[152],"an":[153,305],"anonymous":[154],"one-time":[155],"survey":[156,169],"two":[158],"reminders":[159],"all":[161,246],"at":[164,525,573],"respective":[166],"institutions.":[167],"The":[168,254],"instrument":[170],"comprised":[171],"validated":[172],"previously":[174],"used":[175,304],"instruments":[176],"face":[178],"validity":[179],"designed":[180],"measure":[182],"duty-hour":[185],"violations,":[186],"threat,":[189],"mistreatment,":[190,508],"addition":[197],"demographic":[199,255,271],"information.":[200],"Forty-three":[201],"percent":[202],"(211":[203],"491)":[205],"responded":[208],"survey.":[211],"Race":[212],"ethnicity":[214],"data":[215,815,827],"were":[216,285,359,500,544,591,643,686],"combined":[217],"into":[218],"\"White\"":[219],"\"underrepresented":[221],"orthopaedics\"":[223],"(URiO),":[224],"which":[225,277],"included":[226],"who":[228],"self-identified":[229],"as":[230,295,319,339,389,737],"Asian,":[231],"African":[232],"American,":[233,238],"Hispanic":[234],"Latino,":[236],"Native":[237],"other,":[240],"given":[241],"groups":[244,251],"are":[245],"underrepresented":[247,791],"racial":[248,652],"ethnic":[250],"orthopaedics.":[253],"makeup":[256,272],"our":[258],"study,":[259],"81%":[260],"men":[261,280,363,504,522,595,667],"75%":[263],"White,":[264],"roughly":[266],"comparable":[267],"current":[270],"programs,":[276],"82%":[279],"74%":[282],"White.":[283],"Data":[284],"analyzed":[286],"using":[287],"chi-square":[288],"tests,":[289,292],"Fisher":[290],"exact":[291],"t-tests":[294],"appropriate.":[296],"For":[297],"comparisons":[298],"Likert":[300],"scale":[301,326],"measures,":[302],"anchor-based":[306],"approach":[307],"determining":[309],"minimum":[311],"detectable":[312],"change":[313],"(MDC)":[314],"set":[316],"MDC":[318],"1-point":[321],"on":[323,331,613,816],"5-point":[325],"1.5-point":[329],"7-point":[333],"scale.":[334],"Stereotype":[335],"threat":[336,385,488,733],"mean":[341,433,475],"\u25b5":[342,348,393,490],"from":[343],"neutral":[345],"response,":[346],"1.5":[350,394,453,677],"greater":[352],"was":[353],"considered":[354],"significant.":[355],"RESULTS:":[356],"Women":[357,381,499,590,740],"likely":[361,502,546,593,645,689],"than":[362,503,547,594,646,666,695,747,758],"emotional":[367,728],"exhaustion":[368,729],"(odds":[369],"ratio":[370],"2.18":[371],"[95%":[372,411,436,454,478,534,582,603,620,633,656,675,700],"confidence":[373],"interval":[374],"1.1":[375],"4.5];":[377],"p":[378,416,441,459,483,539,587,608,625,638,661,680,705],"=":[379,417,460,588,626,681,706],"0.03).":[380],"identity":[388,736],"surgeons":[391],"(mean":[392,489],"\u00b1":[395,492],"1.0).":[396],"We":[397,444,806],"did":[398,445,711],"not":[399,446,687,712],"identify":[400,447,822],"men's":[404],"women's":[406],"overall":[407,450],"burnout":[408,451],"(OR":[409,452,532,580,601,618,631,654,673,698],"1.4":[410,622],"CI":[412,437,455,479,535,583,604,621,634,657,676,701],"0.7":[413,435,702],"3.0];":[415,458],"0.3),":[418],"satisfaction":[420,463],"across":[421,464],"multiple":[422,465],"domains,":[423,466],"sense":[425,467],"belonging":[428,470],"(men:":[429],"4.3,":[430],"3.6;":[432],"0.4":[438],"0.9];":[440],"<":[442,484,540,609,639,662],"0.001).":[443,541,640,663],"differences":[448,715],"0.8":[456,491],"0.2),":[461],"(White:":[471],"4.2,":[472],"URiO:":[473],"3.9;":[474],"0.3":[477],"0.17":[480],"0.61];":[482],"0.001),":[485,610],"0.9)":[493],"between":[494],"White":[495,548,569,647,696],"URiO":[497,542,561,641,684,742,774,802],"surgeons.":[498,739],"84%":[510],"(32":[511,557],"38)":[513],"43%":[517],"(70":[518],"164)":[520],"reporting":[523,571],"least":[526,574],"few":[528,576],"times":[529,577],"per":[530,578],"year":[531,579],"7.2":[533],"2.8":[536],"18.1];":[538],"overall,":[554],"65%":[556],"49)":[559],"45%":[564],"(66":[565],"148)":[567],"occurrences":[572],"2.3":[581],"1.2":[584],"4.6];":[586],"0.01).":[589],"gender":[599],"discrimination":[600,611,653],"52.6":[602],"18.9":[605],"146.1];":[607],"based":[612],"pregnancy":[614],"childcare":[616],"status":[617],"4.3":[619],"12.8];":[624],"0.005),":[627],"sexual":[629],"harassment":[630],"11.8":[632],"4.1":[635],"34.3];":[637],"7.8":[655],"3.4":[658],"18.2];":[660],"More":[664],"had":[668],"4.5":[674],"13.5];":[679],"0.003),":[682],"whereas":[683],"have":[691,752],"2.2":[699],"6.6];":[704],"0.1).":[707],"CONCLUSION:":[708],"Although":[709],"detect":[713],"meaningful":[714],"some":[717,765],"measures":[718],"well-being,":[720,846],"identified":[722],"men.":[759],"These":[760],"findings":[761],"raise":[762],"concern":[763],"about":[764],"aspects":[766],"could":[777],"contribute":[778],"training.":[782,805],"CLINICAL":[783],"RELEVANCE:":[784],"Understanding":[785],"affect":[790],"helps":[793],"developing":[795],"strategies":[796],"better":[798],"support":[799],"recommend":[807],"governing":[810],"bodies":[811],"consider":[812],"gathering":[813],"national":[814],"resident":[817,850],"specific":[823,842],"issues":[824],"track":[826],"over":[828],"time.":[829],"Additionally,":[830],"departments":[831],"should":[832],"examine":[833],"internal":[835],"practices":[836],"organizational":[838],"culture":[839],"gaps":[843],"inclusivity,":[845],"mechanisms":[848],"support.":[851]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2024-02-28T00:00:00"}