{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392111998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","title":"Trauma, Religion and Spirituality in Germany during the First World War by Jason Crouthamel (review)","display_name":"Trauma, Religion and Spirituality in Germany during the First World War by Jason Crouthamel (review)","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392111998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202482741","display_name":"German Studies Review","issn_l":"0149-7952","issn":["0149-7952","2164-8646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315592","host_organization_name":"German Studies Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315592"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["German Studies Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Studies Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113130681","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Mitchell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5333-3844","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5333-3844","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-4473"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113130681"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"1","first_page":"161","last_page":"163"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11971","display_name":"World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11971","display_name":"World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11104","display_name":"Memory, Trauma, and Commemoration","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11507","display_name":"Religion and Society Interactions","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-war-i","display_name":"World War I","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german-soldiers","display_name":"German soldiers","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-and-war","display_name":"religion and war","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trauma","display_name":"trauma","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirituality","display_name":"spirituality","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christian-nationalism","display_name":"Christian nationalism","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war-neurosis","display_name":"shell shock","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soldiers-letters-and-diaries","display_name":"soldiers' letters and diaries","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-front","display_name":"home front","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paganism","display_name":"paganism","score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology-of-war","display_name":"war psychology","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-and-gender","display_name":"gender and religion","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotions","display_name":"emotions","score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war-memory","display_name":"war memory","score":0.49900001287460327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514793146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168796","display_name":"Spirituality","level":3,"score":0.7454711198806763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.4693898558616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.457756370306015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.35938501358032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2796657681465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.22092905640602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08433443307876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.021168917417526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.019165128469467163}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2024.a919913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202482741","display_name":"German Studies Review","issn_l":"0149-7952","issn":["0149-7952","2164-8646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315592","host_organization_name":"German Studies Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315592"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["German Studies Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"German Studies Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206771868","https://openalex.org/W4247354155","https://openalex.org/W4387060899","https://openalex.org/W2209987695","https://openalex.org/W7132948709","https://openalex.org/W4239023358","https://openalex.org/W2901633555","https://openalex.org/W7073652456","https://openalex.org/W3205802816","https://openalex.org/W3110339613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reviewed":[0],"by:":[1],"Trauma,":[2,18],"Religion":[3,19],"and":[4,20,63,70,85,92,107,115,123,165,176,241,276,334,354,366,370,376,386,418,425,466,483,493,558,584,624],"Spirituality":[5,21],"in":[6,22,222,258,291,300,340,436,463,530,589,632],"Germany":[7,23],"during":[8,24],"the":[9,25,48,51,67,80,95,112,117,144,153,156,162,185,223,232,237,247,281,297,329,335,341,380,384,399,421,438,467,481,605,633,643,661,674],"First":[10,26],"World":[11,27,52],"War":[12,53],"by":[13,251,296,538,552],"Jason":[14,30,55],"Crouthamel":[15,56,87,427,546],"Maria":[16],"Mitchell":[17],"War.":[28],"By":[29,455],"Crouthamel.":[31],"London:":[32],"Bloomsbury,":[33],"2021.":[34],"Pp.":[35],"xiv":[36],"+":[37],"258.":[38],"Paper":[39],"$39.95.":[40],"ISBN":[41],"9781350083707.":[42],"In":[43,255],"a":[44,58,262,447,519,561,594,608,611,650],"significant":[45],"contribution":[46],"to":[47,109,130,134,149,180,199,245,272,279,308,346,412,451,459,490,535],"history":[49,392],"of":[50,61,82,119,141,146,155,188,194,225,234,239,283,326,331,337,363,379,383,416,423,449,469,509,564,607,660],"I,":[54],"offers":[57],"broad":[59],"survey":[60],"religious":[62,96,132,286,474,500,655],"spiritual":[64,364,478],"beliefs":[65],"on":[66,74,104,444,604],"German":[68,511,676],"battle":[69,484],"home":[71,482],"fronts.":[72],"Drawing":[73],"trauma":[75,137,435],"studies":[76],"as":[77,79,173,228,261,268,316,446,533,629],"well":[78],"histories":[81],"religion,":[83],"gender,":[84],"emotions,":[86],"explores":[88],"how":[89,310],"\"traumatic":[90],"experiences":[91],"memories":[93],"colonized":[94],"imagination\"":[97],"(201).":[98],"This":[99,218],"well-organized":[100],"study":[101],"relies":[102],"primarily":[103],"soldiers'":[105,205,374,626],"letters":[106,492],"diaries":[108,375],"argue":[110],"that":[111,127,320,430,647,659],"war":[113,195,284],"attenuated":[114],"transformed":[116,312],"influence":[118],"Christian":[120,147,171,190,644],"authorities,":[121],"practices,":[122],"teachings.":[124],"Crouthamel's":[125,259,301,496,620],"conclusion":[126],"Germans":[128,230],"continued":[129],"use":[131],"language":[133,233,238],"narrate":[135],"their":[136,139,539],"despite":[138],"loss":[140],"faith":[142],"underscores":[143],"significance":[145],"culture":[148],"twentieth-century":[150],"Germany.":[151],"From":[152],"outset":[154],"war,":[157],"religion":[158,207,240,267,345,445],"was":[159,219,288,389,599],"operationalized":[160],"for":[161,398,522,597],"state.":[163],"Mass":[164],"popular":[166],"media,":[167],"especially":[168,397],"postcards,":[169],"echoed":[170],"sermons,":[172],"clerical,":[174],"political,":[175],"military":[177],"elites":[178],"sought":[179,323],"indoctrinate":[181],"young":[182],"men":[183,411],"with":[184,236,285],"heady":[186],"package":[187],"masculine":[189],"nationalism.":[191],"The":[192],"realities":[193,282],"quickly":[196],"gave":[197],"lie":[198],"such":[200,315],"inculcations.":[201],"As":[202,664],"fatalism":[203],"darkened":[204],"psyches,":[206],"became":[208],"increasingly":[209],"individuated,":[210],"offering":[211],"more":[212],"personal":[213],"comfort":[214],"than":[215,305],"nationalist":[216],"celebration.":[217],"particularly":[220],"true":[221],"case":[224,635],"shell":[226],"shock,":[227],"\"ordinary":[229],"integrated":[231],"nerves":[235],"available":[242],"cultural":[243,556],"concepts":[244],"combat":[246,311],"psychological":[248,461],"crisis":[249],"triggered":[250],"modern":[252],"war\"":[253],"(62).":[254],"what":[256,590],"emerges":[257],"account":[260],"second":[263],"major":[264],"wartime":[265],"shift,":[266],"individual":[269,566],"succor":[270],"began":[271],"fail.":[273],"That":[274,407],"soldiers":[275,321,441],"families":[277],"struggled":[278],"reconcile":[280],"belief":[287,350],"borne":[289],"out":[290],"contemporary":[292,559],"studies.":[293],"Scientists":[294],"hired":[295],"government":[298],"were,":[299],"view,":[302],"better":[303],"positioned":[304],"Church":[306],"officials":[307],"understand":[309],"religion.":[313],"Psychologists":[314],"Paul":[317],"Plaut":[318],"concluded":[319],"who":[322,401],"\"a":[324,477],"kind":[325],"homeostasis":[327],"between":[328,480],"extreme":[330],"frontline":[332],"violence":[333],"banality":[336],"daily":[338],"life":[339],"trenches\"":[342],"(136)":[343],"transcended":[344],"develop":[347],"new":[348,385,675],"\"subjective":[349],"systems\"":[351],"(197).":[352],"Pagan":[353],"Norse":[355],"spirituality,":[356],"deities,":[357],"clairvoyance,":[358],"humor,":[359],"magic,":[360],"numerology,":[361,598],"notions":[362],"\"rebirth,\"":[365],"ghosts,":[367],"sometimes":[368],"distinct":[369],"often":[371],"syncretic,":[372],"peppered":[373],"letters.":[377],"One":[378],"most":[381],"powerful":[382],"adapted":[387],"religions":[388],"comradeship,":[390],"which\u2014as":[391],"would":[393],"demonstrate\u2014had":[394],"multiple":[395],"valences,":[396],"misogynist":[400],"sacralized":[402],"violence.":[403],"[End":[404],"Page":[405],"161]":[406],"comradeship":[408],"allowed":[409],"many":[410],"express":[413],"\"feminized\"":[414],"emotions":[415],"love":[417],"caring":[419],"highlights":[420],"importance":[422],"gender":[424],"women.":[426],"tells":[428],"us":[429],"female":[431,491],"family":[432],"members":[433],"processed":[434],"much":[437],"way":[439],"male":[440,510],"did,":[442],"relying":[443],"form":[448],"self-therapy":[450],"calm":[452],"shattered":[453],"nerves.":[454],"encouraging":[456],"\"their":[457],"husbands":[458],"take":[460],"refuge":[462],"God's":[464],"will":[465],"promise":[468],"heaven\"":[470],"(71),":[471],"women":[472],"deploying":[473],"tropes":[475],"effected":[476],"bridge\"":[479],"fronts":[485],"(45).":[486],"With":[487],"little":[488],"access":[489],"diaries,":[494],"however,":[495],"conclusions":[497],"about":[498,636,642],"women's":[499],"lives":[501],"necessarily":[502],"remain":[503],"tentative.":[504],"His":[505],"expert":[506],"close":[507],"readings":[508],"texts,":[512],"from":[513],"which":[514],"he":[515],"quotes":[516],"extensively,":[517],"provide":[518],"greater":[520],"foundation":[521],"his":[523,548,565],"argument,":[524],"but":[525,622,678],"those":[526],"are":[527,568],"also":[528],"limited":[529],"number":[531,563],"and,":[532],"is":[534],"be":[536],"expected,":[537],"authors'":[540],"largely":[541,658],"middle-class":[542],"officer":[543],"status.":[544],"While":[545],"broadens":[547],"source":[549],"base":[550],"appreciably":[551],"incorporating":[553],"front":[554],"newspapers,":[555],"critics,":[557],"scientists,":[560],"notable":[562],"sources":[567],"well-known,":[569],"including":[570,631],"Marlene":[571],"Dietrich,":[572],"Ernst":[573,577],"J\u00fcnger,":[574],"K\u00e4the":[575],"Kollwitz,":[576],"Toller,":[578],"Kurt":[579],"Tucholsky,":[580],"Manfred":[581],"von":[582],"Richthofen,":[583],"Manfred's":[585],"brother":[586],"Lothar":[587],"(who,":[588],"surely":[591],"felt":[592],"like":[593],"one-man":[595],"advertisement":[596],"shot":[600],"down":[601],"three":[602],"times":[603],"thirteenth":[606],"month).":[609],"Befitting":[610],"nation":[612],"almost":[613],"two-thirds":[614],"Protestant,":[615],"identifiable":[616],"Protestant":[617],"voices":[618],"dominate":[619],"account,":[621],"Catholic":[623],"Jewish":[625],"accounts":[627],"appear":[628],"well,":[630],"latter":[634],"antisemitism.":[637],"Notably,":[638],"we":[639],"discern":[640],"nothing":[641],"confessional":[645],"hostilities":[646],"coursed":[648],"through":[649],"country":[651],"whose":[652],"confessionally":[653],"divided":[654],"topography":[656],"remained":[657],"mid-seventeenth":[662],"century.":[663],"Rebecca":[665],"Ayako":[666],"Bennette":[667],"has":[668],"demonstrated,":[669],"Catholics":[670],"after":[671],"1871":[672],"embraced":[673],"nation,":[677],"Catholic...":[679]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2024-02-24T00:00:00"}