{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392107773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","title":"Emergency department visits in the United States by adults with a complaint of diarrhea (2016\u20132021)","display_name":"Emergency department visits in the United States by adults with a complaint of diarrhea (2016\u20132021)","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392107773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38405371","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10884525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/emp2.13105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/emp2.13105","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207081","display_name":"Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open","issn_l":"2688-1152","issn":["2688-1152"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JACEP Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/emp2.13105","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003968956","display_name":"Mahmoud Azqul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-8128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-8128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160667","display_name":"Ministry of Health and Population","ror":"https://ror.org/04f90ax67","country_code":"EG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}],"countries":["EG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Azqul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master of Medical Sciences in Clinical Investigation program Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA","Ministry of Health and Population Cairo Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master of Medical Sciences in Clinical Investigation program Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health and Population Cairo Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081968611","display_name":"Douglas Krakower","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-472X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-472X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316535847","display_name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Krakower","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012773988","display_name":"Sahir Kalim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1746-5790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1746-5790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahir Kalim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074592565","display_name":"Roland Clayton Merchant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7571-1294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7571-1294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland C. Merchant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emergency Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7571-1294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":1.0779,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72994497,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"e13105","last_page":"e13105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14093","display_name":"Global Health and Epidemiology","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diarrhea","display_name":"diarrhea","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department-visits","display_name":"emergency department visits","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-utilization","display_name":"health care utilization","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-testing","display_name":"laboratory testing","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiologic-imaging","display_name":"radiologic imaging","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravenous-fluid-therapy","display_name":"intravenous fluid therapy","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-trends","display_name":"temporal trends","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-insurance-status","display_name":"health insurance status","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-disparities","display_name":"racial and ethnic disparities","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/care-pathways","display_name":"care pathways","score":0.5540000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8829374313354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780724011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295316","display_name":"Emergency department","level":2,"score":0.7515901327133179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780852908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127076","display_name":"Vomiting","level":2,"score":0.6052705645561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.5628507733345032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780955771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183425","display_name":"Abdominal pain","level":2,"score":0.5514689683914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780580376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186889","display_name":"Nausea","level":2,"score":0.5434948801994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5407824516296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.523506224155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780838233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836925","display_name":"Complaint","level":2,"score":0.49094608426094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.44812673330307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.40073859691619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2776317000389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/emp2.13105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/emp2.13105","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207081","display_name":"Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open","issn_l":"2688-1152","issn":["2688-1152"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JACEP Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10884525","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10884525","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10884525/pdf/EMP2-5-e13105.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38405371","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38405371","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7874fe6990124e578d841c16e7557258","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7874fe6990124e578d841c16e7557258","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/emp2.13105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.13105","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/emp2.13105","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207081","display_name":"Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open","issn_l":"2688-1152","issn":["2688-1152"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JACEP Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392107773.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392107773.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1622961774","https://openalex.org/W1964488741","https://openalex.org/W2011810280","https://openalex.org/W2074893603","https://openalex.org/W2107026044","https://openalex.org/W2123268185","https://openalex.org/W2128591134","https://openalex.org/W2167414951","https://openalex.org/W2177648252","https://openalex.org/W2340538846","https://openalex.org/W2766854211","https://openalex.org/W2954102542","https://openalex.org/W3098219753","https://openalex.org/W4254002263","https://openalex.org/W4392107773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7111565929","https://openalex.org/W4387035475","https://openalex.org/W4415915776","https://openalex.org/W8154200","https://openalex.org/W4385327528","https://openalex.org/W2977464046","https://openalex.org/W3153589203","https://openalex.org/W7169534604","https://openalex.org/W4210808556","https://openalex.org/W2922140539"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objectives:":[0],"For":[1,231],"adults":[2,126],"with":[3,33,56,84,127,196,238],"a":[4,128,239],"complaint":[5,129,240],"of":[6,106,130,136,198,227,241,278],"diarrhea":[7,131],"presenting":[8,205,234],"to":[9,17,80,90,117,235],"United":[10],"States":[11],"emergency":[12],"departments":[13],"(EDs)":[14],"from":[15,63],"2016":[16,116],"2021,":[18],"we":[19],"examined":[20],"the:":[21],"(1)":[22],"occurrence":[23],"and":[24,42,48,52,59,87,97,104,145,188,201,210,225,250,262,276],"temporal":[25],"trends":[26],"in":[27,254],"these":[28,150,199],"ED":[29,101,107,123,140,212,215],"visits,":[30],"(2)":[31],"frequency":[32],"which":[34],"services":[35,200],"were":[36,50,72,120,143,147],"provided":[37,144],"(laboratory":[38],"testing,":[39],"radiologic":[40,251],"imaging,":[41],"intravenous":[43],"fluids":[44,183],"(IV":[45],"fluids)":[46],"administration)":[47],"patients":[49,146,233],"admitted;":[51],"(3)":[53],"factors":[54,82],"associated":[55,83,98,195],"service":[57,85],"provision":[58,86],"admission.":[60],"Methods:":[61],"Data":[62],"the":[64,112,220,268,274],"National":[65],"Hospital":[66],"Ambulatory":[67],"Medical":[68],"Care":[69],"Survey":[70],"(2016-2021)":[71],"analyzed.":[73],"Multivariable":[74],"logistic":[75],"regression":[76],"modeling":[77],"was":[78],"employed":[79],"examine":[81],"admission,":[88],"according":[89],"patient":[91],"demographic":[92],"characteristics,":[93],"healthcare":[94,260],"insurance":[95],"status,":[96],"clinical":[99],"symptoms;":[100],"geographic":[102,213],"location;":[103],"type":[105,226],"medical":[108,216],"staff":[109,217],"who":[110],"evaluated":[111],"patient.":[113],"Results:":[114],"From":[115],"2017,":[118],"there":[119],"3.3-3.7":[121],"million":[122],"visits/year":[124],"by":[125],"(3.1%":[132],"[95%":[133],"CI":[134,157,163,169,174,180,186,192],"2.9-3.3]":[135],"all":[137],"adult":[138,232],"US":[139,236,243],"visits).":[141],"Services":[142],"admitted":[148],"per":[149],"frequencies:":[151],"complete":[152],"blood":[153,159],"count":[154],"(80%;":[155],"95%":[156,162,168,173,179,185,191],"76-83);":[158],"culture":[160],"(8%;":[161,172],"6-9);":[164],"metabolic":[165],"panel":[166],"(94%;":[167],"86-97);":[170],"ultrasound":[171],"7-10);":[175],"abdominal/pelvic":[176],"CT":[177],"(33%;":[178],"29-35);":[181],"IV":[182],"(63%;":[184],"50-66);":[187],"admission":[189,202],"(16%;":[190],"14-18).":[193],"Factors":[194],"receipt":[197],"included":[203],"other":[204],"symptoms":[206],"(abdominal":[207],"pain,":[208],"vomiting,":[209],"nausea),":[211],"location,":[214],"member":[218],"evaluating":[219],"patient,":[221],"race,":[222],"Hispanic":[223],"ethnicity,":[224],"health":[228],"insurance.":[229],"Conclusion:":[230],"EDs":[237,244],"diarrhea,":[242],"highly":[245],"utilized":[246],"selected":[247],"laboratory":[248],"tests":[249],"imaging.":[252],"Differences":[253],"utilization":[255],"raise":[256],"concerns":[257],"about":[258],"equitable":[259],"delivery":[261],"call":[263],"for":[264],"further":[265],"investigation":[266],"into":[267],"underlying":[269],"reasons,":[270],"as":[271,273],"well":[272],"development":[275],"adoption":[277],"standardized":[279],"care":[280],"pathways.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2024-02-24T00:00:00"}