{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392002147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","title":"Assessing the effects of free fall conditions on damage to chickpea seeds: A comprehensive examination of seed deterioration","display_name":"Assessing the effects of free fall conditions on damage to chickpea seeds: A comprehensive examination of seed deterioration","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392002147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38726458","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11077221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/fsn3.4041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fsn3.4041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764587058","display_name":"Food Science & Nutrition","issn_l":"2048-7177","issn":["2048-7177"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food Science &amp; Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fsn3.4041","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044880367","display_name":"Farzad Delfan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3123046734","display_name":"Lorestan University","ror":"https://ror.org/051bats05","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farzad Delfan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabbad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabbad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078375177","display_name":"Feizollah Shahbazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-1474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-1474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3123046734","display_name":"Lorestan University","ror":"https://ror.org/051bats05","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Feizollah Shahbazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabbad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-1474","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabbad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082209622","display_name":"Hamid Reza Eisvand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9751-9121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9751-9121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3123046734","display_name":"Lorestan University","ror":"https://ror.org/051bats05","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Reza Eisvand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabbad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabbad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009815376","display_name":"Saba Shahbazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9222-3715","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9222-3715"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52623189","display_name":"Bushehr University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02y18ts25","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52623189"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saba Shahbazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52623189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078375177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123046734"],"apc_list":{"value":3460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3460},"apc_paid":{"value":3460,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3460},"fwci":0.3819,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46355513,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"5","first_page":"3714","last_page":"3724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12201","display_name":"Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12201","display_name":"Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12115","display_name":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chickpea-seeds","display_name":"chickpea seeds","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-damage","display_name":"seed damage","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-fall-impact","display_name":"free-fall impact","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drop-height","display_name":"drop height","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-surface","display_name":"impact surface","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-moisture-content","display_name":"seed moisture content","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-aging","display_name":"seed deterioration","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerated-aging-test","display_name":"accelerated aging test","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductivity","display_name":"electrical conductivity","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-storage","display_name":"seed storage","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-handling","display_name":"seed handling","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-damage","display_name":"mechanical damage","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-loading","display_name":"impact loading","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-vigor","display_name":"seed vigor","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-vigor-index","display_name":"seed vigor index","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-vigor-tests","display_name":"seed vigor tests","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41114482283592224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.390436589717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3201943039894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.27152833342552185}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/fsn3.4041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fsn3.4041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764587058","display_name":"Food Science & Nutrition","issn_l":"2048-7177","issn":["2048-7177"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food Science &amp; Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11077221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11077221","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11077221/pdf/FSN3-12-3714.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food Sci Nutr","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38726458","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38726458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food science & nutrition","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/fsn3.4041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4041","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/fsn3.4041","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764587058","display_name":"Food Science & Nutrition","issn_l":"2048-7177","issn":["2048-7177"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food Science &amp; Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.958299994468689,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392002147.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392002147.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130153190","https://openalex.org/W2040033101","https://openalex.org/W2040840460","https://openalex.org/W2082821310","https://openalex.org/W2316475263","https://openalex.org/W2327237620","https://openalex.org/W2330813659","https://openalex.org/W2588251525","https://openalex.org/W2657908857","https://openalex.org/W2905525349","https://openalex.org/W2959192756","https://openalex.org/W2979418058","https://openalex.org/W2980146152","https://openalex.org/W3022791556","https://openalex.org/W3024400659","https://openalex.org/W3042295955","https://openalex.org/W3042749247","https://openalex.org/W3084820998","https://openalex.org/W3155404238","https://openalex.org/W3209067591","https://openalex.org/W4200362317","https://openalex.org/W4200519545","https://openalex.org/W4213119720","https://openalex.org/W4224254398","https://openalex.org/W4292411763","https://openalex.org/W4308764412","https://openalex.org/W4308997121","https://openalex.org/W4310030236","https://openalex.org/W4312072290","https://openalex.org/W4318218790","https://openalex.org/W4366463714","https://openalex.org/W4381662389","https://openalex.org/W4387526243","https://openalex.org/W4390398480","https://openalex.org/W4390918122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400147884","https://openalex.org/W4318218790","https://openalex.org/W2040033101","https://openalex.org/W4381662389","https://openalex.org/W2146245901","https://openalex.org/W2888018789","https://openalex.org/W4312072290","https://openalex.org/W2062017246","https://openalex.org/W2131596703","https://openalex.org/W1943515787"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Impact":[1],"damage":[2,35,47,63,176,287,309,333],"is":[3],"the":[4,9,44,53,65,72,78,87,92,103,155,174,181,187,190,193,205,209,219,235,243,270,284,289,308,311,317,321,331,340,343],"most":[5],"destructive":[6],"effect":[7],"on":[8,123,154,192,208],"seeds":[10,50,67,122,178,206,251,275,290],"during":[11],"harvesting,":[12],"handling,":[13],"and":[14,18,25,28,91,112,121,125,133,144,160,186,218,247,257,352,360],"storage,":[15],"both":[16],"on\u2010farm":[17],"off\u2010farm.":[19],"The":[20,59,136,196],"chickpea":[21,49,66,166,274],"seeds'":[22],"dicotyledonous":[23],"characteristics":[24],"large":[26],"mass":[27],"size":[29],"make":[30],"them":[31],"susceptible":[32],"to":[33,42,48,52,64,177,204,223,240,255,260,278,288,298,327,334,348],"mechanical":[34],"under":[36],"impact":[37,54,116,142,183,332],"loading.":[38],"Tests":[39],"were":[40,100],"conducted":[41],"determine":[43],"extent":[45,60],"of":[46,61,74,94,165,170,199,250,273,286,293,313,342],"due":[51],"caused":[55,336],"by":[56,77,337],"free":[57,338],"fall.":[58],"internal":[62],"was":[68,202,221],"determined,":[69],"which":[70],"included":[71],"measurement":[73,93],"seed":[75,127,191,194],"deterioration":[76],"accelerated":[79,88,322],"aging":[80,89,323],"method":[81],"(percentage":[82],"loss":[83,156,171,244,315],"in":[84,86,102,157,162,172,245,283,291,310,316,320],"germination":[85,158,246,319],"test)":[90],"electrical":[95,163,200,248,294],"conductivity.":[96],"Three":[97],"independent":[98],"variables":[99],"used":[101],"test,":[104],"namely:":[105],"(a)":[106],"drop":[107,140,236],"height":[108,237,341],"(3,":[109],"6,":[110],"9,":[111],"12":[113,241],"m),":[114],"(b)":[115],"surface":[117,184],"(concrete,":[118],"metal,":[119],"plywood":[120],"seeds),":[124],"(c)":[126],"moisture":[128,145,271],"content":[129,146,272],"(10%,":[130],"15%,":[131],"20%,":[132],"25%":[134,279],"w.b).":[135],"results":[137],"showed":[138],"that":[139],"height,":[141],"surface,":[143],"had":[147],"significant":[148],"effects":[149],"(":[150],"p":[151],"<":[152],".01)":[153],"percentage":[159,318],"change":[161],"conductivity":[164,201,249,295],"seeds.":[167],"In":[168],"terms":[169,292],"germination,":[173],"highest":[175,197],"occurred":[179],"at":[180,189],"metal":[182,210],"(41.96%)":[185],"least":[188],"(29.71%).":[195],"amount":[198,285],"related":[203,222],"dropped":[207],"(36.09":[211],"\u03bcS":[212,227,262,300],"cm":[213,228,263,301],"\u22121":[214,216,229,231,264,266,302,304],"g":[215,230,265,303],")":[217],"lowest":[220],"seed\u2010on\u2010seed":[224],"contact":[225],"(21.68":[226],").":[232],"By":[233],"increasing":[234],"from":[238,253,258,276,357],"3":[239],"m,":[242,351],"increased":[252],"27.74%":[254],"48.08%":[256],"18.72":[259],"40.47":[261],",":[267],"respectively.":[268],"Increasing":[269],"10":[277],"causes":[280],"a":[281,314],"decrease":[282],"(from":[296,325],"38.40":[297],"21.18":[299],"),":[305],"but":[306],"increases":[307],"form":[312],"test":[324],"29.22%":[326],"42.88%).":[328],"To":[329],"reduce":[330],"peas":[335],"fall,":[339],"fall":[344],"should":[345,354],"be":[346,355],"limited":[347],"about":[349],"6":[350],"they":[353],"prevented":[356],"hitting":[358],"hard":[359],"rough":[361],"surfaces.":[362]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2024-02-22T00:00:00"}
