{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391815482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","title":"Preparation and physicochemical characterization of whitlockite/PVA/Gelatin composite for bone tissue regeneration","display_name":"Preparation and physicochemical characterization of whitlockite/PVA/Gelatin composite for bone tissue regeneration","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391815482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38420578","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10900066"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764970645","display_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","issn_l":"2296-2646","issn":["2296-2646"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W4391815482"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028196312","display_name":"Sadaf Batool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1471-7267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1471-7267","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8587-1507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadaf Batool","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001657103","display_name":"Usman Liaqat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-9890","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-9890"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usman Liaqat","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011352012","display_name":"Zakir Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-362X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-362X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zakir Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011352012"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"],"apc_list":{"value":3295,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3295},"apc_paid":{"value":3295,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3295},"fwci":1.1066,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71629431,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"1355545","last_page":"1355545"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10343","display_name":"Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10661","display_name":"biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whitlockite","display_name":"whitlockite","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyvinyl-alcohol","display_name":"polyvinyl alcohol","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gelatin","display_name":"gelatin","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-nanocomposites","display_name":"polymer nanocomposites","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-regeneration","display_name":"bone regeneration","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-substitutes","display_name":"bone substitutes","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solvent-casting","display_name":"solvent casting","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wet-precipitation-synthesis","display_name":"wet precipitation synthesis","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofillers","display_name":"nanofillers","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-roughness","display_name":"surface roughness","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-strength","display_name":"tensile strength","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swelling-behavior","display_name":"swelling behavior","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wettability","display_name":"wettability","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noncovalent-interactions","display_name":"non-covalent interactions","score":0.8140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778823387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179254","display_name":"Gelatin","level":2,"score":0.8368768095970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7597384452819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.6925276517868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.6039884090423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.49613556265830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.48711156845092773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.4730210304260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.457785964012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.45436033606529236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778540859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Swelling","level":2,"score":0.43669500946998596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15474224090576172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764970645","display_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","issn_l":"2296-2646","issn":["2296-2646"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10900066","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10900066","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10900066/pdf/fchem-12-1355545.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Chem","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38420578","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38420578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2d6e891c71f2490eb1cca7fdc7522771","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2d6e891c71f2490eb1cca7fdc7522771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol 12 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2024.1355545/pdf?isPublishedV2=False","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764970645","display_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","issn_l":"2296-2646","issn":["2296-2646"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324282","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391815482.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391815482.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1846776373","https://openalex.org/W1964403457","https://openalex.org/W1971339046","https://openalex.org/W1978980089","https://openalex.org/W1983209389","https://openalex.org/W2012224650","https://openalex.org/W2017174795","https://openalex.org/W2037355294","https://openalex.org/W2038099087","https://openalex.org/W2047162229","https://openalex.org/W2047950747","https://openalex.org/W2061516421","https://openalex.org/W2070259858","https://openalex.org/W2074710291","https://openalex.org/W2081520435","https://openalex.org/W2086073679","https://openalex.org/W2088545781","https://openalex.org/W2115554139","https://openalex.org/W2146680600","https://openalex.org/W2160113246","https://openalex.org/W2208175115","https://openalex.org/W2295504250","https://openalex.org/W2296388546","https://openalex.org/W2304916030","https://openalex.org/W2464291147","https://openalex.org/W2471114837","https://openalex.org/W2474487016","https://openalex.org/W2530640131","https://openalex.org/W2550009735","https://openalex.org/W2564377445","https://openalex.org/W2616446000","https://openalex.org/W2731784100","https://openalex.org/W2736910592","https://openalex.org/W2783673503","https://openalex.org/W2789634032","https://openalex.org/W2791774157","https://openalex.org/W2821435509","https://openalex.org/W2888136977","https://openalex.org/W2890972345","https://openalex.org/W2893032377","https://openalex.org/W2895334494","https://openalex.org/W2901330823","https://openalex.org/W2903904361","https://openalex.org/W2907581037","https://openalex.org/W2913676926","https://openalex.org/W2920719889","https://openalex.org/W2920757021","https://openalex.org/W2942513940","https://openalex.org/W2965739644","https://openalex.org/W2969614083","https://openalex.org/W2975983858","https://openalex.org/W2981631213","https://openalex.org/W2983211105","https://openalex.org/W3000195862","https://openalex.org/W3002414499","https://openalex.org/W3004756458","https://openalex.org/W3007484940","https://openalex.org/W3011596635","https://openalex.org/W3084243955","https://openalex.org/W3086225602","https://openalex.org/W3088348039","https://openalex.org/W3095072886","https://openalex.org/W3095657947","https://openalex.org/W3104617782","https://openalex.org/W3176916092","https://openalex.org/W3180216020","https://openalex.org/W3202772093","https://openalex.org/W3211549374"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945711947","https://openalex.org/W4411975821","https://openalex.org/W4327531697","https://openalex.org/W2088545781","https://openalex.org/W7163332495","https://openalex.org/W2125269617","https://openalex.org/W7134902308","https://openalex.org/W4295957702","https://openalex.org/W4308550879","https://openalex.org/W2617624378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"used":[2],"a":[3,55,57],"straightforward":[4],"solvent":[5],"casting":[6],"approach":[7],"to":[8,38,135],"synthesize":[9],"bone":[10,162],"whitlockite":[11],"(WH)":[12],"based":[13],"PVA/Gelatin":[14,32],"composites.":[15],"WH":[16,82,88,104,132],"nanoparticles":[17],"(NPs)":[18],"were":[19],"synthesized":[20],"using":[21,51],"the":[22,31,44,73,85,91,101,107,118,125,129,154,158],"wet":[23],"precipitation":[24],"method,":[25],"followed":[26],"by":[27],"their":[28],"addition":[29,102,130],"into":[30,90],"matrix":[33],"at":[34],"concentrations":[35],"from":[36],"1%":[37],"10%.":[39],"The":[40,69,114,138,150],"physicochemical":[41],"characterization":[42],"of":[43,75,87,103,117,131,157],"prepared":[45,119,139,159],"PVA/Gelatin/WH":[46],"composite":[47,120,140,160],"was":[48],"carried":[49],"out":[50],"ATR-FTIR,":[52],"Optical":[53],"profilometry,":[54],"Goniometer,":[56],"Universal":[58],"tensile":[59,126],"testing":[60],"machine":[61],"(UTM),":[62],"and":[63,81,84,147],"scanning":[64],"electron":[65],"microscopy":[66],"(SEM)":[67],"techniques.":[68],"ATR-FTIR":[70],"analysis":[71,95],"confirmed":[72],"formation":[74],"noncovalent":[76],"interactions":[77],"between":[78],"polymeric":[79],"chains":[80],"NPs":[83,89],"incorporation":[86],"polymer":[92],"cavities.":[93],"SEM":[94],"demonstrated":[96,142],"increased":[97],"surface":[98,148],"roughness":[99],"with":[100,128],"NPs,":[105],"supporting":[106],"results":[108,152],"obtained":[109],"through":[110],"optical":[111],"profilometry":[112],"analysis.":[113],"mechanical":[115],"properties":[116],"showed":[121],"an":[122,143],"increase":[123],"in":[124],"strength":[127],"filler":[133],"up":[134],"7%":[136],"loading.":[137],"has":[141],"excellent":[144],"swelling":[145],"ability":[146],"wettability.":[149],"reported":[151],"demonstrate":[153],"exceptional":[155],"potential":[156],"for":[161],"tissue":[163],"regeneration.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2024-02-15T00:00:00"}
