{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391775780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","title":"Making sense of L2 written argumentation with keystroke logging","display_name":"Making sense of L2 written argumentation with keystroke logging","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391775780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","pdf_url":"https://www.jowr.org/index.php/jowr/article/download/920/934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230275","display_name":"Journal of Writing Research","issn_l":"2030-1006","issn":["2030-1006","2294-3307"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321150","host_organization_name":"SIG Writing of EARLI","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321150"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SIG Writing of EARLI"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Writing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.jowr.org/index.php/jowr/article/download/920/934","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Tian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328563","display_name":"Minkyung Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-2570","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-2570"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141074810","display_name":"Korea National University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/03c9fpk55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141074810"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minkyung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea National University of Education | South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea National University of Education | South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141074810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028338673","display_name":"Scott A. Crossley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-0273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-0273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Crossley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.8958,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98378988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"435","last_page":"461"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.6366999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.6366999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12070","display_name":"Writing and Handwriting Education","score":0.23430000245571136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.02969999983906746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-writing","display_name":"second language writing","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argumentative-writing","display_name":"argumentative writing","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keystroke-logging","display_name":"keystroke logging","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toulmin-argumentation","display_name":"Toulmin argumentation","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persuasive-essay-writing","display_name":"persuasive essay writing","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-process","display_name":"writing process","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data","display_name":"data","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warrants","display_name":"warrants","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revision","display_name":"revision","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-load","display_name":"cognitive load","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-writers","display_name":"second language writers","score":0.4020000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161615301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309396","display_name":"Keystroke logging","level":2,"score":0.8690459728240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125620115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845249","display_name":"Logging","level":2,"score":0.6466162204742432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65059942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270105","display_name":"Argumentation theory","level":2,"score":0.6383248567581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5717224478721619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3344939351081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.283536434173584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.279441237449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11582556366920471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07696360349655151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.06387042999267578}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","pdf_url":"https://www.jowr.org/index.php/jowr/article/download/920/934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230275","display_name":"Journal of Writing Research","issn_l":"2030-1006","issn":["2030-1006","2294-3307"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321150","host_organization_name":"SIG Writing of EARLI","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321150"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SIG Writing of EARLI"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Writing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2024.15.03.01","pdf_url":"https://www.jowr.org/index.php/jowr/article/download/920/934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230275","display_name":"Journal of Writing Research","issn_l":"2030-1006","issn":["2030-1006","2294-3307"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321150","host_organization_name":"SIG Writing of EARLI","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321150"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SIG Writing of EARLI"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Writing Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391775780.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391775780.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179565778","https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W653288160","https://openalex.org/W1502142963","https://openalex.org/W1514520715","https://openalex.org/W1542138284","https://openalex.org/W1608305113","https://openalex.org/W1711770040","https://openalex.org/W1751533064","https://openalex.org/W1965646521","https://openalex.org/W1976341593","https://openalex.org/W1986743594","https://openalex.org/W1991730491","https://openalex.org/W2001893676","https://openalex.org/W2008961231","https://openalex.org/W2010505380","https://openalex.org/W2017401509","https://openalex.org/W2023257541","https://openalex.org/W2025698602","https://openalex.org/W2030211381","https://openalex.org/W2032048902","https://openalex.org/W2033055066","https://openalex.org/W2033364936","https://openalex.org/W2039446461","https://openalex.org/W2040767293","https://openalex.org/W2044257079","https://openalex.org/W2049322609","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2054082376","https://openalex.org/W2058760204","https://openalex.org/W2062022806","https://openalex.org/W2062807742","https://openalex.org/W2074355696","https://openalex.org/W2076092328","https://openalex.org/W2080660100","https://openalex.org/W2080882111","https://openalex.org/W2082952825","https://openalex.org/W2087759050","https://openalex.org/W2090680373","https://openalex.org/W2092003221","https://openalex.org/W2095454971","https://openalex.org/W2110267514","https://openalex.org/W2111320637","https://openalex.org/W2125732627","https://openalex.org/W2128495012","https://openalex.org/W2129746428","https://openalex.org/W2143370312","https://openalex.org/W2144673831","https://openalex.org/W2158711453","https://openalex.org/W2160755797","https://openalex.org/W2161593341","https://openalex.org/W2164483209","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2170635503","https://openalex.org/W2176001340","https://openalex.org/W2257713319","https://openalex.org/W2325666123","https://openalex.org/W2335572437","https://openalex.org/W2342266190","https://openalex.org/W2500854001","https://openalex.org/W2513078611","https://openalex.org/W2524478127","https://openalex.org/W2613041380","https://openalex.org/W2613515914","https://openalex.org/W2724797677","https://openalex.org/W2787610567","https://openalex.org/W2800666082","https://openalex.org/W2910760826","https://openalex.org/W2915654234","https://openalex.org/W2917362591","https://openalex.org/W2917829787","https://openalex.org/W2948400601","https://openalex.org/W2965795630","https://openalex.org/W2980352774","https://openalex.org/W3009946660","https://openalex.org/W3013078616","https://openalex.org/W3014046851","https://openalex.org/W3164711955","https://openalex.org/W3165329195","https://openalex.org/W4212984397","https://openalex.org/W4232976691","https://openalex.org/W4236504568","https://openalex.org/W4281747262","https://openalex.org/W4297324839","https://openalex.org/W6634695731","https://openalex.org/W6649634600"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7115721446","https://openalex.org/W6973817114","https://openalex.org/W4413757118","https://openalex.org/W2910760826","https://openalex.org/W3212982401","https://openalex.org/W3201156640","https://openalex.org/W7164160544","https://openalex.org/W4399462320","https://openalex.org/W3211341108","https://openalex.org/W4410999734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,76],"examines":[2],"associations":[3],"between":[4],"writing":[5,21,51],"behaviors":[6],"manifested":[7],"by":[8,27,95],"keystroke":[9,40,73],"analytics":[10],"and":[11,44,87,140],"the":[12,48,57,72,136],"formulation":[13],"of":[14,50,56,100],"argument":[15,36,69,150],"elements":[16,151],"in":[17,152],"L2":[18,28,79,119,142],"undergraduate":[19,29,80,143],"writers'":[20,81],"processes.":[22],"Ninety-nine":[23],"persuasive":[24],"essays":[25],"written":[26,153],"writers":[30,120,144],"were":[31,42,116,121,128],"human":[32],"annotated":[33],"for":[34,53,84,110],"Toulmin":[35],"elements.":[37,58],"The":[38,75],"corresponding":[39],"logs":[41],"segmented":[43],"analyzed":[45],"to":[46,67,108],"characterize":[47],"dynamics":[49],"processes":[52,93],"different":[54,149],"categories":[55,70],"A":[59],"multinomial":[60],"mixed-effects":[61],"logistic":[62],"regression":[63],"model":[64],"was":[65],"built":[66],"predict":[68],"using":[71],"analytics.":[74],"reported":[77],"that":[78,109],"text":[82],"production":[83,105],"final":[85,123],"claims":[86,89,124],"primary":[88],"featured":[90],"P-bursts":[91],"(execution":[92],"delimited":[94],"pauses":[96],"exceeding":[97],"2":[98],"seconds)":[99],"longer":[101],"spans":[102],"but":[103],"lower":[104],"fluency":[106],"compared":[107],"data.":[111,130],"In":[112],"addition,":[113],"fewer":[114],"revisions":[115],"observed":[117],"when":[118,126,147],"constructing":[122],"than":[125],"they":[127],"formulating":[129],"These":[131],"findings":[132],"shed":[133],"light":[134],"on":[135],"varying":[137],"cognitive":[138],"loads":[139],"activities":[141],"may":[145],"experience":[146],"building":[148],"argumentation.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2024-02-14T00:00:00"}