{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391662906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","title":"Characterisation of Smoke Particles from Lithium-Ion Battery Fire: Morphology, Size and Composition","display_name":"Characterisation of Smoke Particles from Lithium-Ion Battery Fire: Morphology, Size and Composition","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391662906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168594","display_name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","issn_l":"1091-8213","issn":["1091-8213","2151-2035","2151-2043","2152-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050587743","display_name":"Ibtissam Adanouj","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162697","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzskb47","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210161702","https://openalex.org/I4210162697"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibtissam Adanouj","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Petten, NL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Petten, NL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162697"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019852301","display_name":"Emilio Napolitano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0445-6323","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0445-6323"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118689","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02qezmz13","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133948","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02ptz5951","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210133948","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161702","display_name":"Directorate-General Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04j5wtv36","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210161702"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162697","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzskb47","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210161702","https://openalex.org/I4210162697"]}],"countries":["BE","DE","IT","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emilio Napolitano","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210118689","https://openalex.org/I4210133948","https://openalex.org/I4210161702","https://openalex.org/I4210162697"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077686186","display_name":"Marco Sommariva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Sommariva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Malvern Panalytical BV"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Malvern Panalytical BV","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057755110","display_name":"Stefano Enzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-5269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-5269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","display_name":"University of Sassari","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjbv91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Enzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sassari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sassari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055186000","display_name":"Natalia P. Lebedeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0989-3840","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0989-3840"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162697","display_name":"Joint Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzskb47","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4210161702","https://openalex.org/I4210162697"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalia Lebedeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Petten, NL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Petten, NL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162697"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"MA2023-02","issue":"2","first_page":"431","last_page":"431"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Battery Modeling and Management","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Battery Modeling and Management","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.024000000208616257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10018","display_name":"Advancements in Battery Materials","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithium-ion-battery-fires","display_name":"lithium-ion battery fires","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoke-particles","display_name":"smoke particles","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-thermal-runaway","display_name":"battery thermal runaway","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle-safety","display_name":"electric vehicle safety","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrafine-particles","display_name":"ultrafine particles","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-morphology","display_name":"particle morphology","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size","display_name":"particle size","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crystalline-phase","display_name":"crystalline phase","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-composition","display_name":"chemical composition","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxic-emissions","display_name":"toxic emissions","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhalation-risk","display_name":"inhalation risk","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery-state-of-charge","display_name":"battery state of charge","score":0.7670000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58874564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130768","display_name":"Smoke","level":2,"score":0.6948725581169128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499950583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183252","display_name":"Morphology (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5747992396354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778541603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152763","display_name":"Lithium (medication)","level":2,"score":0.527673065662384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.49912095069885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.48982998728752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.485607773065567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779197387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2822895","display_name":"Lithium-ion battery","level":4,"score":0.46105945110321045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.4266679883003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4080604314804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.29615387320518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13820293545722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.09779989719390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09589922428131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0902315080165863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08819049596786499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.06996464729309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.05037271976470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.04938018321990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022431mtgabs","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168594","display_name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","issn_l":"1091-8213","issn":["1091-8213","2151-2035","2151-2043","2152-8365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311669","host_organization_name":"Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ECS Meeting Abstracts","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401908836","https://openalex.org/W6968382297","https://openalex.org/W4403456488","https://openalex.org/W4406974443","https://openalex.org/W2986053717","https://openalex.org/W4389941883","https://openalex.org/W4317772273","https://openalex.org/W4415452484","https://openalex.org/W4376605012","https://openalex.org/W4200363744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"electrification":[1],"of":[2,14,79,168],"the":[3,12,20,42,55,74,91,102,166],"transport":[4],"sector":[5],"is":[6],"a":[7,33,95,186,202],"necessary":[8],"step":[9],"to":[10,24,63,133,176,189,199],"reduce":[11],"concentration":[13],"greenhouse":[15],"gas":[16],"emissions":[17,93,207],"(GHGs)":[18],"in":[19,22,101,110],"atmosphere":[21],"order":[23],"mitigate":[25],"climate":[26],"change.":[27],"Li-ion":[28,118],"batteries":[29],"(LIBs)":[30],"are":[31,38,157,180,197],"considered":[32],"key":[34],"enabling":[35],"technology":[36],"and":[37,77,86,129,139,153,161,182,208],"crucially":[39],"important":[40],"for":[41,159,193],"green":[43],"energy":[44],"transition.":[45],"However,":[46],"LIBs":[47,83],"may":[48],"pose":[49,185],"safety":[50],"concerns,":[51],"as":[52],"demonstrated":[53],"by":[54],"recurrent":[56],"fire":[57,97,120,147],"accidents":[58],"involving":[59],"electric":[60],"vehicles,":[61],"according":[62],"news":[64],"reports":[65],"from":[66,117],"recent":[67],"years.":[68],"Several":[69],"studies":[70,196],"concentrated":[71],"mainly":[72],"on":[73],"identification,":[75],"composition":[76],"flammability":[78],"vented":[80],"gases":[81],"during":[82,94],"thermal":[84],"runaway":[85],"fires.":[87],"Scarce":[88],"work":[89],"about":[90],"particle":[92],"LIB":[96],"can":[98,183],"be":[99],"found":[100],"literature.":[103],"To":[104],"fill":[105],"up":[106],"this":[107,111],"research":[108],"gap,":[109],"study,":[112],"we":[113,164],"characterised":[114],"smoke":[115,148,205],"particles":[116,149,206],"battery":[119,146,209],"using":[121],"Scanning":[122],"Electron":[123],"Microscopy/Energy":[124],"Dispersive":[125],"X-ray":[126,130],"spectroscopy":[127],"(SEM/EDX)":[128],"Diffraction":[131],"(XRD)":[132],"evaluate":[134],"their":[135,177],"size,":[136],"morphology,":[137],"crystallographic":[138,154],"chemical":[140,151],"composition.":[141],"Our":[142],"results":[143],"show":[144],"that":[145,156],"contain":[150],"components":[152],"phases":[155],"toxic":[158],"health":[160],"environment.":[162],"Moreover,":[163],"confirm":[165],"presence":[167],"(ultra)":[169],"fine":[170],"particles,":[171],"reported":[172],"previously,":[173],"which":[174],"due":[175],"small":[178],"size":[179],"inhalable":[181],"therefore":[184],"serious":[187],"risk":[188],"human":[190],"health.":[191],"Recommendations":[192],"further":[194],"experimental":[195],"outlined":[198],"establish":[200],"e.g.":[201],"correlation":[203],"between":[204],"SOC,":[210],"chemistry,":[211],"abuse":[212],"scenario,":[213],"etc.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-02-09T00:00:00"}