{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391472902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","title":"Government and Non-Governmental Organisation Led Agricultural Development Projects and the Accumulation of Social and Economic Capitals in Mezam, Cameroon","display_name":"Government and Non-Governmental Organisation Led Agricultural Development Projects and the Accumulation of Social and Economic Capitals in Mezam, Cameroon","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391472902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","pdf_url":"https://www.journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/download/2365/4694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499365","display_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology","issn_l":"2320-7027","issn":["2320-7027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics &amp; Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/download/2365/4694","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093847617","display_name":"Njegani Ngansah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263774594","display_name":"University of Bamenda","ror":"https://ror.org/031ahrf94","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263774594"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Njegani Ngansah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agribusiness Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda, Cameroon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agribusiness Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263774594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078111661","display_name":"Balgah Roland Azibo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263774594","display_name":"University of Bamenda","ror":"https://ror.org/031ahrf94","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263774594"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balgah Roland Azibo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agribusiness Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda,  Cameroon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agribusiness Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda,  Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263774594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109938660","display_name":"Mathias Fru Fonteh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144693123","display_name":"University of Buea","ror":"https://ror.org/041kdhz15","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144693123"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathias Fru Fonteh","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technology, University of Buea, Cameroon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technology, University of Buea, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144693123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.077,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84096067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2","first_page":"65","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.3407999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.3407999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.19779999554157257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.12960000336170197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-development-programs","display_name":"agricultural development projects","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-led-development","display_name":"state-led development","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-capital","display_name":"social capital","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-capital","display_name":"economic capital","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/livelihood-capital","display_name":"livelihood capital","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northwest-cameroon","display_name":"Northwest Cameroon","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-beneficiaries","display_name":"project beneficiaries","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-impact-assessment","display_name":"development impact assessment","score":0.33500000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7134448289871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.667504608631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992730755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55603353","display_name":"Agricultural development","level":3,"score":0.5057010650634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.48948800563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.40408530831336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3450303077697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.32134124636650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24530619382858276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1764240860939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","pdf_url":"https://www.journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/download/2365/4694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499365","display_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology","issn_l":"2320-7027","issn":["2320-7027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics &amp; Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journalajaees.com:article/2365","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/view/2365","pdf_url":"https://journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/download/2365/4694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499365","display_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology","issn_l":"2320-7027","issn":["2320-7027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2320-7027","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05085801v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05085801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology, 2024, 42 (2), pp.65-87. &#x27E8;10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ageconsearch.umn.edu:367894","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2024/v42i22365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401616","display_name":"AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210120349","host_organization_name":"University of Minnesota Rochester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120349"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/367894","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i22365","pdf_url":"https://www.journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/download/2365/4694","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764499365","display_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension Economics & Sociology","issn_l":"2320-7027","issn":["2320-7027"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics &amp; Sociology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6875,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.666700005531311,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391472902.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391472902.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76208631","https://openalex.org/W240758287","https://openalex.org/W616287426","https://openalex.org/W949845033","https://openalex.org/W1505999675","https://openalex.org/W1599320078","https://openalex.org/W1878892095","https://openalex.org/W1985580034","https://openalex.org/W1997821792","https://openalex.org/W2009305873","https://openalex.org/W2021547285","https://openalex.org/W2031719937","https://openalex.org/W2038285684","https://openalex.org/W2062663625","https://openalex.org/W2097706835","https://openalex.org/W2115686771","https://openalex.org/W2159143028","https://openalex.org/W2234320864","https://openalex.org/W2509460781","https://openalex.org/W2596987840","https://openalex.org/W2736491482","https://openalex.org/W2759454877","https://openalex.org/W2791879812","https://openalex.org/W2795656855","https://openalex.org/W2886616608","https://openalex.org/W2901758870","https://openalex.org/W2924909146","https://openalex.org/W2966124554","https://openalex.org/W2972339950","https://openalex.org/W2979554949","https://openalex.org/W2983528814","https://openalex.org/W2994511177","https://openalex.org/W3002012173","https://openalex.org/W3007679081","https://openalex.org/W3028400643","https://openalex.org/W3087516080","https://openalex.org/W3111373139","https://openalex.org/W3118682259","https://openalex.org/W3119253937","https://openalex.org/W3164175109","https://openalex.org/W3190525190","https://openalex.org/W4205106790","https://openalex.org/W4211124550","https://openalex.org/W4214608240","https://openalex.org/W4223540584","https://openalex.org/W4229579822","https://openalex.org/W4231097391","https://openalex.org/W4239062972","https://openalex.org/W4255819651","https://openalex.org/W4280547040","https://openalex.org/W4289837827","https://openalex.org/W4312054485","https://openalex.org/W4318208688","https://openalex.org/W4323821279","https://openalex.org/W4323928953","https://openalex.org/W4378212889","https://openalex.org/W4378515319","https://openalex.org/W4378903705","https://openalex.org/W4379052480","https://openalex.org/W4382196049","https://openalex.org/W4383905550","https://openalex.org/W4388281236","https://openalex.org/W4388818530","https://openalex.org/W4390848735","https://openalex.org/W4403422079","https://openalex.org/W6621512932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150516416","https://openalex.org/W7199721951","https://openalex.org/W4401764659","https://openalex.org/W2217226688","https://openalex.org/W3009075596","https://openalex.org/W7105234061","https://openalex.org/W2583189742","https://openalex.org/W2276507684","https://openalex.org/W3196472269","https://openalex.org/W2367191053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Government":[0],"(GO)":[1],"and":[2,63,70,85,110,133,138,149,173,181,209,217,241,257,269,274,280],"Non-governmental":[3],"organizations":[4],"(NGOs)":[5],"undertake":[6],"agricultural":[7,65,112,232,276],"development":[8,20,66,88,113,233],"projects":[9,67,89,219,277],"especially":[10],"in":[11,73,90,93,165,204,263,265],"Sub-Saharan":[12],"Africa":[13],"where":[14],"agriculture-dependent":[15],"livelihoods":[16],"are":[17,47,246,290],"predominant.":[18],"Agricultural":[19],"has":[21],"been":[22],"accompanied":[23],"by":[24,56,234],"a":[25],"theoretical":[26,45],"debate":[27],"vis-\u00e0-vis":[28],"who":[29],"is":[30,143],"best":[31],"placed":[32],"to":[33,40,53,102,120,159,248,292],"steer":[34],"the":[35,44,54,59,94,166,205],"process.":[36],"Unfortunately,":[37],"empirical":[38],"evidence":[39],"refute":[41],"or":[42],"ramify":[43,249],"contestations":[46],"extremely":[48],"limited.":[49],"This":[50],"article":[51],"contributes":[52],"literature":[55],"comparatively":[57],"analyzing":[58],"effects":[60],"of":[61,81,98,106,168,207,267,272],"GO)":[62],"NGO\u2013led":[64],"on":[68,79,278,286],"social":[69,208,240,279],"economic":[71,210,242,281],"capitals":[72,289],"Cameroon.":[74],"Mixed":[75],"methods":[76],"were":[77,175],"applied":[78,158],"stakeholders":[80],"four":[82,86],"selected":[83,126,178],"GO-led":[84],"NGO-led":[87,111,218,226,275],"Mezam":[91],"division":[92],"North":[95],"West":[96],"region":[97],"Cameroon,":[99],"chosen":[100],"due":[101],"its":[103],"long":[104],"history":[105],"having":[107],"both":[108,215,235],"GO":[109,132,216,273],"projects.":[114,227],"A":[115],"structured":[116],"questionnaire":[117],"was":[118,157,186,195],"used":[119],"collect":[121],"quantitative":[122],"data":[123,185,194],"from":[124,131,135,214],"randomly":[125],"180":[127],"beneficiaries,":[128,182],"including":[129],"90":[130,134],"NGO":[136],"projects,":[137],"120":[139],"project":[140,179,255],"staff":[141,180,256],"that":[142,231],"15":[144],"(2":[145],"top,":[146],"5":[147],"middle":[148],"8":[150],"lower":[151],"management)":[152],"per":[153],"retained":[154],"organization.":[155],"Recall":[156],"construct":[160],"before-after":[161],"comparisons":[162],"with":[163,177],"interviewees,":[164],"absence":[167],"baseline":[169],"information.":[170],"In-depth":[171],"interviews":[172],"observations":[174],"done":[176],"respectively.":[183],"Quantitative":[184],"analyzed":[187,196],"using":[188,197],"SPSS":[189],"version":[190],"25.0,":[191],"while":[192],"qualitative":[193],"content":[198],"analysis.":[199],"Results":[200],"show":[201],"significant":[202],"increase":[203],"growth":[206],"benefits":[211],"for":[212,225],"respondents":[213],"(p":[220],"<":[221],"0.05),":[222],"though":[223],"higher":[224],"The":[228],"study":[229],"concludes":[230],"organizational":[236],"types":[237],"can":[238,259],"enhance":[239],"development.":[243],"Further":[244],"studies":[245],"needed":[247],"these":[250,294],"results.":[251],"Comparative":[252],"analyses":[253],"between":[254],"beneficiaries":[258],"highlight":[260],"any":[261],"differences":[262],"them,":[264],"terms":[266],"perceptive":[268],"actual":[270],"impacts":[271],"capitals.":[282],"Comprehensive":[283],"assessments":[284],"based":[285],"all":[287],"livelihood":[288],"recommended":[291],"ground":[293],"contentions.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2024-02-03T00:00:00"}