{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391361989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","title":"Social differentiation, farming systems, and agrarian change in rural Ghana","display_name":"Social differentiation, farming systems, and agrarian change in rural Ghana","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391361989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737998943","display_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","issn_l":"2331-1886","issn":["2331-1886"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215?download=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080414362","display_name":"Michael Pervarah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-8922","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-8922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399657938","display_name":"Simon Diedong Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx64j22","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399657938"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Pervarah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of African and Endogenous Studies, SD Dombo University of Business & Integrated Development Studies","Department of African and Endogenous Studies, SD Dombo University of Business & Integrated Development Studies, Wa, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-8922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of African and Endogenous Studies, SD Dombo University of Business & Integrated Development Studies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of African and Endogenous Studies, SD Dombo University of Business & Integrated Development Studies, Wa, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080414362"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4399657938"],"apc_list":{"value":950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1165},"apc_paid":{"value":950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1165},"fwci":3.1979,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91819886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.7426999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.7426999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11862","display_name":"Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development","score":0.22750000655651093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11789","display_name":"Land Rights and Reforms","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallholder-farmers","display_name":"smallholder farmers","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-systems","display_name":"agricultural systems","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-differentiation","display_name":"social differentiation","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agrarian-change","display_name":"agricultural transformation","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-farming-practices","display_name":"traditional farming practices","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanization","display_name":"mechanization","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-endowment","display_name":"resource endowment","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-extension","display_name":"agricultural extension","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kassena-nankana","display_name":"Kassena-Nankana","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-ghana","display_name":"rural Ghana","score":0.6990000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157140304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396108","display_name":"Agrarian society","level":3,"score":0.827646017074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5885021090507507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206836424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1510761","display_name":"Social change","level":2,"score":0.5294938683509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159800738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224485","display_name":"Differentiation","level":2,"score":0.4914048910140991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179734626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4693767","display_name":"Agrarian system","level":4,"score":0.4675615727901459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.4625394344329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988676352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3773637","display_name":"Rural development","level":3,"score":0.42622435092926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.36613237857818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3355964422225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3355090320110321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29856687784194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.27496182918548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.22215980291366577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.18381527066230774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737998943","display_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","issn_l":"2331-1886","issn":["2331-1886"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6279fc005a604c6d92befcc43e75b66a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6279fc005a604c6d92befcc43e75b66a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311886.2024.2302215?download=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737998943","display_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","issn_l":"2331-1886","issn":["2331-1886"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.41670000553131104}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391361989.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391361989.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29948291","https://openalex.org/W258378155","https://openalex.org/W260946901","https://openalex.org/W1507409164","https://openalex.org/W1570823088","https://openalex.org/W1600880261","https://openalex.org/W2001660122","https://openalex.org/W2008263597","https://openalex.org/W2011712613","https://openalex.org/W2046977043","https://openalex.org/W2058257934","https://openalex.org/W2108821762","https://openalex.org/W2133312796","https://openalex.org/W2153429133","https://openalex.org/W2337299205","https://openalex.org/W2339072245","https://openalex.org/W2586372089","https://openalex.org/W2769864270","https://openalex.org/W2771598315","https://openalex.org/W2792701215","https://openalex.org/W2804660024","https://openalex.org/W2842137775","https://openalex.org/W2890217398","https://openalex.org/W2943308110","https://openalex.org/W2945113105","https://openalex.org/W3031290181","https://openalex.org/W3121816339","https://openalex.org/W3122166777","https://openalex.org/W3124109560","https://openalex.org/W3124945958","https://openalex.org/W3186148367","https://openalex.org/W3187295215","https://openalex.org/W3204011601","https://openalex.org/W4229776713","https://openalex.org/W4230382255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2395800795","https://openalex.org/W2482018591","https://openalex.org/W4387526510","https://openalex.org/W2793799465","https://openalex.org/W7008982384","https://openalex.org/W2520247537","https://openalex.org/W6990246868","https://openalex.org/W3209538751","https://openalex.org/W163100194","https://openalex.org/W1507409164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Agriculture":[0],"is":[1,38],"predominantly":[2,116],"rural":[3,205],"and":[4,22,95,119,129,137,144,162,183,197],"dominated":[5],"by":[6,99,159],"smallholder":[7,12,34,47,62,202],"farmers.however,":[8],"efforts":[9],"to":[10,53,112,139,170,193,199],"improve":[11],"agricultural":[13],"production":[14,125],"have":[15,24],"not":[16],"yielded":[17],"the":[18,31,46,50,61,65,124,131,163,176,184],"desired":[19,55],"results.Some":[20],"scholars":[21],"practitioners":[23],"argued":[25],"that":[26,40,149],"development":[27],"interventions":[28],"often":[29],"overlook":[30],"variability":[32],"in":[33,64,108,117,136,154,168,204],"farming":[35,80,105,114,132,164,187],"systems.therefore,":[36],"it":[37],"unlikely":[39],"such":[41],"initiatives":[42],"will":[43],"directly":[44],"reach":[45],"end":[48],"of":[49,79,91,103,127,180,186],"landholding":[51],"spectrum":[52],"facilitate":[54],"outcomes.this":[56],"study":[57,87,147],"examined":[58],"differences":[59],"within":[60],"sector":[63],"Kassena":[66],"Nankana":[67],"traditional":[68,104],"Area,":[69],"showing":[70],"how":[71],"socioeconomic":[72],"differentiation":[73],"among":[74],"smallholders":[75,128,161],"defines":[76],"their":[77],"choice":[78],"system.using":[81],"a":[82,100],"mixed":[83],"methods":[84],"approach,":[85],"this":[86],"identified":[88],"three":[89],"types":[90,157],"farms:":[92],"compound,":[93],"lowland,":[94],"bush":[96,120],"farms,":[97],"characterized":[98],"differential":[101],"pattern":[102,122],"methods,":[106],"prevalent":[107],"compound":[109],"farms":[110],"compared":[111],"mechanized":[113],"practices,":[115,198],"lowland":[118],"farms.this":[121],"highlights":[123],"orientation":[126],"specifies":[130],"practices":[133],"they":[134,166],"engage":[135],"rationalize":[138],"meet":[140],"household":[141],"consumption":[142],"needs":[143],"market":[145],"demand.the":[146],"concludes":[148],"resource":[150],"endowments":[151],"are":[152],"crucial":[153],"determining":[155],"farm":[156],"owned":[158],"differentiated":[160],"systems":[165,188],"choose":[167],"response":[169],"persuasive":[171],"incentives.extension":[172],"services":[173],"should":[174],"harness":[175],"local":[177],"farmers'":[178],"understanding":[179],"soil":[181],"characteristics":[182],"diversity":[185],"when":[189],"designing":[190],"specific":[191],"strategies":[192],"promote":[194],"productivity-enhancing":[195],"technologies":[196],"achieve":[200],"sustainable":[201],"transformations":[203],"Ghana.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-01-31T00:00:00"}