{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391031207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","title":"Seropositivity and Other Determinants Associated with Toxoplasmosis in Local Buffalo in Iraq","display_name":"Seropositivity and Other Determinants Associated with Toxoplasmosis in Local Buffalo in Iraq","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391031207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojvm_2024011915354727.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764651022","display_name":"Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine","issn_l":"2165-3356","issn":["2165-3356","2165-3364"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojvm_2024011915354727.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093747712","display_name":"Rafid Jawad Kazem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266776","display_name":"University of Sumer","ror":"https://ror.org/05fsahm30","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafid Jawad Kazem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Sumer University, Al-Rifai, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Sumer University, Al-Rifai, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114119897","display_name":"Imad Kazem Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266776","display_name":"University of Sumer","ror":"https://ror.org/05fsahm30","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imad Kazem Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Sumer University, Al-Rifai, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Sumer University, Al-Rifai, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405266776"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093747712"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405266776"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7108,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58318426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"01","first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11155","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11154","display_name":"Parasitic infections in humans and animals","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11074","display_name":"Helminth infection and control","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoplasmosis","display_name":"toxoplasmosis","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxoplasma-gondii","display_name":"Toxoplasma gondii","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-buffalo","display_name":"water buffalo","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seroprevalence","display_name":"seroprevalence","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herd-size","display_name":"herd size","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-risk","display_name":"seasonal risk","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cat-contact","display_name":"cat contact","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iraq","display_name":"Iraq","score":0.48399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778062946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154878","display_name":"Toxoplasmosis","level":2,"score":0.8477044105529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42473796010017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.37626540660858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.35570889711380005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3394492566585541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.33491015434265137}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojvm_2024011915354727.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764651022","display_name":"Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine","issn_l":"2165-3356","issn":["2165-3356","2165-3364"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2024.141001","pdf_url":"https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ojvm_2024011915354727.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764651022","display_name":"Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine","issn_l":"2165-3356","issn":["2165-3356","2165-3364"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391031207.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391031207.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1131968228","https://openalex.org/W2003506359","https://openalex.org/W2010284324","https://openalex.org/W2020336237","https://openalex.org/W2021234434","https://openalex.org/W2024550695","https://openalex.org/W2031029755","https://openalex.org/W2097659338","https://openalex.org/W2110093960","https://openalex.org/W2117378748","https://openalex.org/W2135573508","https://openalex.org/W2162382622","https://openalex.org/W2165236889","https://openalex.org/W2263629119","https://openalex.org/W2589786722","https://openalex.org/W2803487130","https://openalex.org/W2810787879","https://openalex.org/W2897800310","https://openalex.org/W2961875251","https://openalex.org/W3127719093","https://openalex.org/W3198700146","https://openalex.org/W4205212853","https://openalex.org/W4205810597","https://openalex.org/W4233707370","https://openalex.org/W4399255375"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386391379","https://openalex.org/W4406601809","https://openalex.org/W4414757822","https://openalex.org/W175494184","https://openalex.org/W7128310484","https://openalex.org/W2118920994","https://openalex.org/W4405323399","https://openalex.org/W7095472684","https://openalex.org/W4389485569","https://openalex.org/W215692676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,41,83],"cross-sectional":[1],"study":[2],"was":[3,72,79,128],"conducted":[4],"to":[5,25,31,38,115,143,147,159],"determine":[6,144],"the":[7,27,34,68,75,124],"Seropositivity":[8,63],"of":[9,43,64,126],"Toxoplasma":[10],"gondii":[11,66,167],"in":[12,15,67,80,130,135],"water":[13],"buffalo":[14,71,90,119],"three":[16],"Iraqi":[17],"governorates":[18],"(Baghdad,":[19],"Dhi":[20],"Qar,":[21],"and":[22,24,74,100,120,153,162,168],"Maysan)":[23],"estimate":[26],"risk":[28,145],"aspects":[29,146],"related":[30],"infestation":[32,116,164],"throughout":[33],"period":[35],"from":[36,117],"January":[37],"December":[39],"2019.":[40],"total":[42],"430":[44],"serum":[45],"samples":[46],"were":[47,112],"inspected":[48],"with":[49,137,165],"a":[50],"commercial":[51],"ELISA":[52],"(Enzyme":[53],"linked":[54],"immunosorbent":[55],"assay)":[56],"kit.":[57,60],"Indirect":[58],"multi-species":[59],"The":[61],"overall":[62],"T.":[65,166],"examined":[69],"local":[70],"7.4%,":[73],"highest":[76],"rate":[77],"(9.3%)":[78],"Baghdad":[81],"Governorate.":[82],"multivariate":[84],"regression":[85],"analysis":[86],"revealed":[87],"that":[88],"adult":[89],"(OR":[91,103],"=":[92,98,104,110],"7.10;":[93],"95%":[94,106],"CI:":[95,107],"0.87-57.68;":[96],"P":[97,109],"0.067)":[99],"young":[101,118],"herds":[102],"8.42;":[105],"1.07-66.02;":[108],"0.043)":[111],"more":[113],"subject":[114],"large":[121],"herds.":[122],"Furthermore,":[123],"hazard":[125],"toxoplasmosis":[127],"increased":[129],"winter":[131],"especially":[132],"among":[133],"animals":[134],"contact":[136],"cats.":[138],"It":[139],"is":[140],"therefore":[141],"requisite":[142],"evaluate":[148],"which":[149],"mitigation,":[150],"control,":[151],"prevention":[152],"procedures":[154],"should":[155],"be":[156],"carried":[157],"out":[158],"diminish,":[160],"control":[161],"prevent":[163],"its":[169],"propagation.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00"}