{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391024166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","title":"Observations and Variability of Near-Surface Atmospheric Electric Fields across Multiple Stations","display_name":"Observations and Variability of Near-Surface Atmospheric Electric Fields across Multiple Stations","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391024166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/atmos15010124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/1/124/pdf?version=1705675003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S946213959","display_name":"Atmosphere","issn_l":"2073-4433","issn":["2073-4433"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/1/124/pdf?version=1705675003","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101829035","display_name":"Wen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-4243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-4243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768066","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather","ror":"https://ror.org/02xbz6x26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041003852","display_name":"Zhibin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-490X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-490X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768066","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather","ror":"https://ror.org/02xbz6x26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhibin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078142577","display_name":"Zhaoai Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1685-943X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1685-943X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115570","display_name":"National Space Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nnjtm50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391768066","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather","ror":"https://ror.org/02xbz6x26","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoai Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022006740","display_name":"Zhongsong Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086028","display_name":"Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn03n83","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210086028"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongsong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210086028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041003852"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210115570","https://openalex.org/I4391768066"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2728},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2728},"fwci":0.5652,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60309783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"124","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.021800000220537186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.014600000344216824,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diurnal-variation","display_name":"diurnal variation","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carnegie-curve","display_name":"Carnegie curve","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yunnan","display_name":"Yunnan","score":0.7269999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.7039083242416382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6214273571968079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47279414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427085","display_name":"Atmospheric electricity","level":3,"score":0.5637072920799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.4718244969844818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151756577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36810","display_name":"Quadrilateral","level":3,"score":0.4290352463722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4272025525569916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982761486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3230","display_name":"Atmospheric air","level":2,"score":0.41915449500083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.40986722707748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.40791094303131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.32681065797805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.19479405879974365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17925426363945007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11465245485305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/atmos15010124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/1/124/pdf?version=1705675003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S946213959","display_name":"Atmosphere","issn_l":"2073-4433","issn":["2073-4433"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:04eac498615244f699ca427f615b66dc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/04eac498615244f699ca427f615b66dc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere, Vol 15, Iss 1, p 124 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/atmos15010124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15010124","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/1/124/pdf?version=1705675003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S946213959","display_name":"Atmosphere","issn_l":"2073-4433","issn":["2073-4433"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Atmosphere","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391024166.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391024166.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129296950","https://openalex.org/W2015777567","https://openalex.org/W2033207717","https://openalex.org/W2038795815","https://openalex.org/W2040058712","https://openalex.org/W2096134002","https://openalex.org/W2097984678","https://openalex.org/W2109870756","https://openalex.org/W2134816859","https://openalex.org/W2153549006","https://openalex.org/W2158878028","https://openalex.org/W2208609771","https://openalex.org/W2883498151","https://openalex.org/W2897327401","https://openalex.org/W3005217753","https://openalex.org/W3006249182","https://openalex.org/W3160746200","https://openalex.org/W4296100599","https://openalex.org/W4320912104","https://openalex.org/W4321501899"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321497634","https://openalex.org/W6907211516","https://openalex.org/W4321501899","https://openalex.org/W4296100599","https://openalex.org/W4388157622","https://openalex.org/W3009767909","https://openalex.org/W4403737429","https://openalex.org/W2020918306","https://openalex.org/W3092118581","https://openalex.org/W610525959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103,130],"near-surface":[1],"atmospheric":[2,13,35,45,59,79,118],"electrostatic":[3],"field":[4,61,81],"plays":[5],"a":[6,38,51,90,123],"pivotal":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,64,67,111,141,155],"comprehending":[10],"the":[11,26,42,58,68,75,78,109,112,127,134,152,156],"global":[12],"circuit":[14],"model":[15],"and":[16,34,85,100,121],"its":[17],"influence":[18],"on":[19,57,107],"climate":[20],"change.":[21],"Prior":[22],"to":[23,150],"delving":[24],"into":[25],"intricate":[27],"interplay":[28],"between":[29],"solar":[30],"activities,":[31,33],"geological":[32],"electric":[36,46,60,80,119],"field,":[37],"comprehensive":[39],"examination":[40],"of":[41,77,116],"diurnal":[43],"fair":[44,117],"field\u2019s":[47],"baseline":[48],"curve":[49],"within":[50],"specific":[52,153],"region":[53],"is":[54,148],"essential.":[55],"Based":[56],"network":[62],"monitoring":[63],"Yunnan":[65],"Province":[66],"year":[69],"2022,":[70],"this":[71,142],"study":[72],"systematically":[73],"investigated":[74],"distribution":[76],"under":[82],"both":[83],"fair-weather":[84],"disturbed":[86],"weather":[87],"conditions":[88],"at":[89],"quadrilateral":[91],"array":[92],"encompassing":[93],"Chuxiong":[94],"Station,":[95,97,99],"Mouding":[96],"Lufeng":[98],"Dali":[101],"Station.":[102],"primary":[104],"focus":[105],"was":[106],"elucidating":[108],"variations":[110],"daily":[113],"variation":[114],"curves":[115],"fields":[120],"conducting":[122],"comparative":[124],"analysis":[125],"with":[126],"Carnegie":[128],"curves.":[129],"possible":[131],"reasons":[132],"for":[133],"differences":[135],"among":[136],"them":[137],"are":[138],"also":[139],"discussed":[140],"study,":[143],"but":[144],"more":[145],"observational":[146],"evidence":[147],"required":[149],"confirm":[151],"causes":[154],"future.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2024-01-20T00:00:00"}