{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390944580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","title":"Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles and Antibiotics against Multidrug-resistant Biofilm Bacteria","display_name":"Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles and Antibiotics against Multidrug-resistant Biofilm Bacteria","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390944580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38231065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16973894","display_name":"Current Drug Delivery","issn_l":"1567-2018","issn":["1567-2018","1875-5704"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Drug Delivery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026564253","display_name":"Majed M. Masadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-3997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-3997"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Majed M. Masadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110","Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800,\nPenang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800,\nPenang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093730104","display_name":"Noor M. Bany-Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor M. Bany-Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069455797","display_name":"Mai Subhi Khanfar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6544-0475","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6544-0475"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mai S. Khanfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078571712","display_name":"Karem Hasan Alzoubi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2808-5099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2808-5099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29891158","display_name":"University of Sharjah","ror":"https://ror.org/00engpz63","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}],"countries":["AE","JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karem H. Alzoubi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan,\n22110","Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan,\n22110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29891158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021014991","display_name":"Majd M. Masadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9669-4736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9669-4736"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majd M. Masadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110","Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800,\nPenang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid,\nJordan, 22110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800,\nPenang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085442081","display_name":"Enaam M. Al Momany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1899-0324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1899-0324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157392197","display_name":"Hashemite University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a1r5z94","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157392197"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enaam M. Al Momany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157392197"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026564253"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472","https://openalex.org/I156983542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6245,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91841651,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"92","last_page":"106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10593","display_name":"Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing","score":0.007199999876320362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-oxide-nanoparticles","display_name":"zinc oxide nanoparticles","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistance","display_name":"multidrug resistance","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-biofilms","display_name":"bacterial biofilms","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colistin","display_name":"colistin","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-synergy","display_name":"antibiotic synergy","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-biofilm-eradication-concentration","display_name":"minimum biofilm eradication concentration","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxicity","display_name":"cytotoxicity","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemolytic-activity","display_name":"hemolytic activity","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-alternatives","display_name":"antibiotic alternatives","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gram-positive-bacteria","display_name":"Gram-positive bacteria","score":0.7369999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58123911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410","display_name":"Biofilm","level":3,"score":0.7634773850440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.7616430521011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.6664092540740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.664192795753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133936738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643839","display_name":"Multiple drug resistance","level":3,"score":0.6620011925697327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.46318861842155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1726272702217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004357","descriptor_name":"Drug Synergism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004926","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008826","descriptor_name":"Microbial Sensitivity Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013211","descriptor_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015034","descriptor_name":"Zinc Oxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015034","descriptor_name":"Zinc Oxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018441","descriptor_name":"Biofilms","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D024901","descriptor_name":"Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053758","descriptor_name":"Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053768","descriptor_name":"Metal Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053768","descriptor_name":"Metal Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018279213240110045557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16973894","display_name":"Current Drug Delivery","issn_l":"1567-2018","issn":["1567-2018","1875-5704"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Drug Delivery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38231065","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38231065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current drug delivery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2748515873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"518/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336727","funder_display_name":"Deanship of Research, Jordan University of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336727","display_name":"Deanship of Research, Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494452776","https://openalex.org/W1628591093","https://openalex.org/W1830318073","https://openalex.org/W1973897520","https://openalex.org/W1978334775","https://openalex.org/W1978704826","https://openalex.org/W1979973838","https://openalex.org/W1980109201","https://openalex.org/W1988609099","https://openalex.org/W1990681348","https://openalex.org/W1999866520","https://openalex.org/W2001330064","https://openalex.org/W2006075436","https://openalex.org/W2019062292","https://openalex.org/W2019908525","https://openalex.org/W2027289452","https://openalex.org/W2034634701","https://openalex.org/W2039249198","https://openalex.org/W2040171578","https://openalex.org/W2056917379","https://openalex.org/W2060994713","https://openalex.org/W2065538920","https://openalex.org/W2067690310","https://openalex.org/W2084123760","https://openalex.org/W2085817843","https://openalex.org/W2086013160","https://openalex.org/W2088642849","https://openalex.org/W2093529988","https://openalex.org/W2094374892","https://openalex.org/W2117795567","https://openalex.org/W2121304440","https://openalex.org/W2125603952","https://openalex.org/W2127472475","https://openalex.org/W2127535305","https://openalex.org/W2153922602","https://openalex.org/W2160653375","https://openalex.org/W2167896918","https://openalex.org/W2167957242","https://openalex.org/W2284134662","https://openalex.org/W2326443965","https://openalex.org/W2416783271","https://openalex.org/W2436901199","https://openalex.org/W2474358973","https://openalex.org/W2527026626","https://openalex.org/W2528756454","https://openalex.org/W2562715280","https://openalex.org/W2589067428","https://openalex.org/W2610453110","https://openalex.org/W2615010047","https://openalex.org/W2754300867","https://openalex.org/W2767708172","https://openalex.org/W2802846738","https://openalex.org/W2808711858","https://openalex.org/W2901526154","https://openalex.org/W2905378903","https://openalex.org/W2907822669","https://openalex.org/W2912305661","https://openalex.org/W2922408224","https://openalex.org/W2976161029","https://openalex.org/W2991347104","https://openalex.org/W3003520244","https://openalex.org/W3010448892","https://openalex.org/W3011719258","https://openalex.org/W3061356720","https://openalex.org/W3088020886","https://openalex.org/W3094598114","https://openalex.org/W3096299623","https://openalex.org/W3118839370","https://openalex.org/W3166607498","https://openalex.org/W3195949659","https://openalex.org/W4243585370","https://openalex.org/W4280582841","https://openalex.org/W4283396282","https://openalex.org/W4283836076","https://openalex.org/W4303509830","https://openalex.org/W4321352594","https://openalex.org/W4360601120","https://openalex.org/W4367669416","https://openalex.org/W4383068108","https://openalex.org/W4386423800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3143535562","https://openalex.org/W4281725499","https://openalex.org/W4399577691","https://openalex.org/W7131207731","https://openalex.org/W4206275812","https://openalex.org/W7170956967","https://openalex.org/W2945222350","https://openalex.org/W3135061393","https://openalex.org/W3211286724","https://openalex.org/W4295850052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,55,229],"misuse":[2],"of":[3,31,64,113,138,153,206,219,231,237,279],"antibiotics":[4],"leads":[5],"to":[6,17,22,40,49,60,121,160,163,179,211,275,286],"a":[7,46,106,110,123,133,151,266,283],"global":[8],"increase":[9],"in":[10,53,69,224,252,269],"antibiotic":[11],"resistance.":[12],"Therefore,":[13],"it":[14],"is":[15],"imperative":[16],"search":[18],"for":[19,171],"alternative":[20,238,285],"compounds":[21],"conventional":[23,287],"antibiotics.":[24,288],"ZnO":[25,65,91,117,156,192,246,280],"nanoparticles":[26,66,247,281],"(Zn":[27],"NP)":[28],"are":[29,36,273],"one":[30],"these":[32],"alternatives":[33],"because":[34],"they":[35,145],"an":[37],"effective":[38,175],"option":[39],"overcome":[41,50],"biofilm":[42,217],"bacterial":[43,76,79,181],"cells":[44,173],"and":[45,68,84,95,109,129,140,183,196,201,204,216,243,257,259],"novel":[47],"way":[48],"multidrug":[51],"resistance":[52],"bacteria.":[54],"current":[56],"research":[57],"study":[58,233],"aims":[59],"characterize":[61],"the":[62,82,85,202,207,235,277],"efficacy":[63,242],"alone":[67],"combination":[70,208,261],"with":[71,105,132,189,199,240,262],"other":[72],"antibacterial":[73,125],"drugs":[74],"against":[75,127,214],"biofilms.":[77],"METHODS:":[78],"strains.":[80],"Finally,":[81],"cytotoxicity":[83],"hemolytic":[86],"activity":[87],"were":[88,93,119,158],"evaluated.":[89],"RESULTS:":[90],"NPs":[92,118,157],"prepared,":[94],"results":[96,251],"showed":[97],"that":[98],"their":[99,260],"size":[100],"was":[101,169],"around":[102],"10":[103],"nm":[104],"spherical":[107],"shape":[108],"zeta":[111],"potential":[112,278],"-21.9.":[114],"In":[115],"addition,":[116],"found":[120,159],"have":[122,248],"strong":[124],"effect":[126],"Gram-positive":[128,221],"Gram-negative":[130],"microorganisms,":[131],"minimum":[134],"inhibitory":[135],"concentration":[136,152,176],"(MIC)":[137],"62.5":[139],"125":[141,154],"\u03bcg/mL,":[142],"respectively.":[143],"Additionally,":[144],"could":[146],"eradicate":[147,184],"biofilmforming":[148],"microorganisms":[149],"at":[150,174],"\u03bcg/m.":[155],"be":[161],"non-toxic":[162],"erythrocyte":[164],"cells.":[165],"Still,":[166],"some":[167],"toxicity":[168],"observed":[170],"Vero":[172],"ranges":[177],"needed":[178,274],"inhibit":[180],"growth":[182],"biofilm-forming":[185],"organisms.":[186],"When":[187],"combined":[188],"different":[190],"antibacterial,":[191],"NP":[193],"demonstrated":[194,249],"synergistic":[195],"additive":[197],"effects":[198],"colistin,":[200],"MIC":[203],"MBEC":[205],"decreased":[209],"significantly":[210,225],"0.976":[212],"\u03bcg/mL":[213],"planktonic":[215],"strains":[218],"MDR":[220],"bacteria,":[222],"resulting":[223],"reduced":[226],"toxicity.":[227,245,270],"CONCLUSION:":[228],"findings":[230],"this":[232],"encourage":[234],"development":[236],"therapies":[239],"high":[241],"low":[244],"promising":[250],"overcoming":[253],"multi-drug":[254],"resistant":[255],"bacteria":[256],"biofilms,":[258],"colistin":[263],"has":[264],"shown":[265],"significant":[267],"reduction":[268],"Further":[271],"studies":[272],"investigate":[276],"as":[282],"viable":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2024-01-18T00:00:00"}