{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390910705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","title":"Environmentally-Friendly Heavy Metal Removal: A Biochar-Iron Oxide Composite with Enhanced Adsorption Efficiency","display_name":"Environmentally-Friendly Heavy Metal Removal: A Biochar-Iron Oxide Composite with Enhanced Adsorption Efficiency","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390910705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4696672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Soo  Hyeon Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soo  Hyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101524620","display_name":"Ji\u2010In Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2248-998X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2248-998X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-In Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102005202","display_name":"Seungsoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-5417","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-5417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungsoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014883497","display_name":"Ha\u2010Rim An","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ha-Rim An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101997139","display_name":"Hyeran Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4636-9167","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4636-9167"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeran Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036387647","display_name":"Byoungchul Son","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5102-5959","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5102-5959"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byoungchul Son","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116270096","display_name":"Jiwon Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-9224","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-9224"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiwon Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101777111","display_name":"Chang\u2010Yeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-084X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-084X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ChangYeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073421365","display_name":"Yesul Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4266-8343","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4266-8343"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yesul Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037658798","display_name":"Seulki Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6422-7795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6422-7795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seulki Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010552888","display_name":"Hyun Uk Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-1913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2581-1913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyun Uk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute","Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010552888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10710","display_name":"Arsenic contamination and mitigation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metal-removal","display_name":"heavy metal removal","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-oxide","display_name":"iron oxide","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice-husk","display_name":"rice husk","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorption","display_name":"adsorption","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-removal","display_name":"lead removal","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arsenic-removal","display_name":"arsenic removal","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sonication","display_name":"sonication","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-treatment","display_name":"heat treatment","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-derived-adsorbents","display_name":"biomass-derived adsorbents","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-treatment","display_name":"water treatment","score":0.609000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.926360011100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.7986483573913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154877778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630655","display_name":"Carbonization","level":3,"score":0.6752894520759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5762853622436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.5741443634033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.5286491513252258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777697756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721849","display_name":"Iron oxide","level":2,"score":0.45974260568618774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50690","display_name":"Oxide","level":2,"score":0.43268880248069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.3537641167640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3249242901802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.19211965799331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.09816393256187439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.07561466097831726}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4696672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4696672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4696672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.8999999761581421},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.8799999952316284}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4398177652","https://openalex.org/W4389921917","https://openalex.org/W4396851126","https://openalex.org/W4386629423","https://openalex.org/W4362670490","https://openalex.org/W4409088139","https://openalex.org/W4387117631","https://openalex.org/W4391018566","https://openalex.org/W7165656277","https://openalex.org/W4393866724"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2024-01-17T00:00:00"}