{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390861368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","title":"Machine Learning Empowered Efficient Intrusion Detection Framework","display_name":"Machine Learning Empowered Efficient Intrusion Detection Framework","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390861368","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","pdf_url":"https://vfast.org/journals/index.php/VTSE/article/download/1017/908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233887","display_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"2309-3978","issn":["2309-3978","2411-6246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://vfast.org/journals/index.php/VTSE/article/download/1017/908","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hassan Shafique","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Shafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069241594","display_name":"Asghar Ali Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-7579","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-7579"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asghar Ali Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091812586","display_name":"Muhammad Aasim Qureshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-5797","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-5797"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Aasim Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bahria University Lahore Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bahria University Lahore Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026441420","display_name":"Muhammad Khurram Ehsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1977-2022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1977-2022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59225215","display_name":"Bahria University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v8d7770","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Khurram Ehsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Bahria University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59225215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076571791","display_name":"Muhammad Rizwan Amirzada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6760-8278","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6760-8278"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17120543","display_name":"National University of Modern Languages","ror":"https://ror.org/008dh2426","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17120543"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Rizwan Amirzada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, NUML University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science, NUML University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17120543"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5922,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64504394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"27","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection","display_name":"intrusion detection","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"network security","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsw-nb15","display_name":"UNSW-NB15","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"anomaly detection","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attack-classification","display_name":"attack classification","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-classification","display_name":"machine learning classification","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.6209999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7623960971832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.6358281373977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81790035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847158","display_name":"Jackknife resampling","level":3,"score":0.6135400533676147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6017562747001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5865961313247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.5234954953193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.498363733291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4718867540359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.46641337871551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19776675","display_name":"Commit","level":2,"score":0.4456058740615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.44059455394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.43220168352127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164085508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4811327","display_name":"Matthews correlation coefficient","level":3,"score":0.4233972728252411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41928917169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2913438081741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.26077908277511597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.16549047827720642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10741090774536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09812915325164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08337035775184631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","pdf_url":"https://vfast.org/journals/index.php/VTSE/article/download/1017/908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233887","display_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"2309-3978","issn":["2309-3978","2411-6246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.localhost:article/1017","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vfast.org/journals/index.php/VTSE/article/view/1017","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering; Vol 10, No 2 (2022): April-June; 27-35","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v10i2.1017","pdf_url":"https://vfast.org/journals/index.php/VTSE/article/download/1017/908","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233887","display_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering","issn_l":"2309-3978","issn":["2309-3978","2411-6246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4106999933719635,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390861368.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390861368.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1594093721","https://openalex.org/W2043084056","https://openalex.org/W2089612197","https://openalex.org/W2095727900","https://openalex.org/W2101109743","https://openalex.org/W2103024672","https://openalex.org/W2124231718","https://openalex.org/W2334853001","https://openalex.org/W2514173981","https://openalex.org/W2537923357","https://openalex.org/W2547078880","https://openalex.org/W2570296101","https://openalex.org/W2599306383","https://openalex.org/W2620760558","https://openalex.org/W2622259984","https://openalex.org/W2729006349","https://openalex.org/W2734728597","https://openalex.org/W2743483681","https://openalex.org/W2748936647","https://openalex.org/W2765709649","https://openalex.org/W2768425030","https://openalex.org/W2776676105","https://openalex.org/W2778151824","https://openalex.org/W2782735691","https://openalex.org/W2808535243","https://openalex.org/W2889885794","https://openalex.org/W2902805725","https://openalex.org/W2909158577","https://openalex.org/W2912586245","https://openalex.org/W2943381000","https://openalex.org/W2950204666","https://openalex.org/W2964829576","https://openalex.org/W4236468428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7118094225","https://openalex.org/W4408127898","https://openalex.org/W1481734399","https://openalex.org/W7125732853","https://openalex.org/W4413083070","https://openalex.org/W2894651958","https://openalex.org/W4411793320","https://openalex.org/W7147114493","https://openalex.org/W7172137447","https://openalex.org/W4210814081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"modern":[1],"era":[2],"security":[3,28,62,71],"is":[4,20,29,123,163],"becoming":[5],"major":[6],"and":[7,42,65,86,91,128,140,149,172,199],"basic":[8],"need":[9],"of":[10,14,73,77,89,105,175,184],"any":[11],"system.":[12,26],"Protecting":[13],"a":[15,24,56,60,70,110],"system":[16,72],"from":[17,181],"unauthorized":[18],"access":[19],"very":[21],"important":[22],"for":[23],"network":[25,61],"Network":[27],"turning":[30],"out":[31],"to":[32,48,63,134,204],"be":[33,80],"an":[34],"influential":[35],"subject":[36],"in":[37,59,69,191],"information":[38],"technology":[39],"territory.":[40],"Hackers":[41],"squatters":[43],"commit":[44],"uncountable":[45],"successful":[46],"attempts":[47],"intrude":[49],"into":[50],"networks.":[51],"Intrusion":[52],"Detection":[53],"System":[54],"plays":[55],"vital":[57],"role":[58],"identify":[64],"detect":[66],"the":[67,96,100,136,154,164,176,189,206],"anomalies":[68],"network.":[74],"The":[75,94,168],"performance":[76,142],"IDS":[78],"can":[79],"measured":[81,143],"through":[82,126],"its":[83],"intelligence,":[84],"efficiency":[85],"accurate":[87],"detection":[88,103],"unknown":[90],"known":[92],"attacks.":[93],"greater":[95],"gain":[97],"concept":[98],"give":[99],"best":[101,165],"possible":[102],"rate":[104,174],"anomalies.":[106],"This":[107,121],"study":[108],"proposed":[109],"machine":[111],"learning":[112],"framework":[113],"based":[114],"on":[115,138],"MLP":[116,162],"classifier":[117],"with":[118],"accuracy":[119,139,192,208],"99.98%.":[120],"work":[122],"further":[124],"validated":[125],"10-fold":[127],"JackKnife":[129,200],"cross":[130],"validation.":[131],"Key":[132],"metrics":[133,144,155],"see":[135],"impact":[137],"other":[141],"such":[145],"as":[146],"Sensitivity,":[147],"Specificity":[148],"Matthew\u2019s":[150],"Correlation":[151],"Coefficient.":[152],"All":[153],"gained":[156],"their":[157],"highest":[158],"ratio,":[159],"which":[160],"means":[161],"classification":[166],"technique.":[167],"accuracy,":[169],"sensitivity,":[170],"specificity":[171],"MCC":[173],"suggested":[177],"model":[178],"computed":[179],"99.99%":[180,207],"whole":[182],"dataset":[183],"UNSW-NB15.":[185],"These":[186],"results":[187],"show":[188],"improvement":[190],"while":[193],"applying":[194],"different":[195],"perceptron":[196],"topologies.":[197],"K-fold":[198],"topologies":[201],"are":[202],"capable":[203],"earn":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-01-15T00:00:00"}
