{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390796874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","title":"The inevitability and superfluousness of cell types in spatial cognition","display_name":"The inevitability and superfluousness of cell types in spatial cognition","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390796874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2024/01/12/2024.01.10.575026.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2024/01/12/2024.01.10.575026.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaoliang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5297-2114","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5297-2114"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoliang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London","Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WCH 0AP, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5297-2114","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WCH 0AP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078440230","display_name":"Robert M. Mok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-9257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-9257"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184558857","display_name":"Royal Holloway University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04g2vpn86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I184558857"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192597271","display_name":"MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/055bpw879","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I241749","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert M. Mok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology","MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge","University of London Royal Holloway, University of London","Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX","MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Rd, Cambridge, CB 7EF, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-9257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of London Royal Holloway, University of London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184558857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, TW20 0EX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184558857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, 15 Chaucer Rd, Cambridge, CB 7EF, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192597271","https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069362336","display_name":"Bradley C. Love","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-7076","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-7076"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128584","display_name":"The Alan Turing Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/035dkdb55","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bradley C. Love","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London","The Alan Turing Institute","Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WCH 0AP, UK","The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Rd, London, NW1 2DB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-7076","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Alan Turing Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WCH 0AP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Rd, London, NW1 2DB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-types","display_name":"cell types","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/place-cells","display_name":"place cells","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/border-cells","display_name":"border cells","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head-direction-cells","display_name":"head direction cells","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hippocampal-formation","display_name":"hippocampal formation","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-network","display_name":"deep neural network","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-recognition","display_name":"object recognition","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-specialization","display_name":"functional specialization","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777371692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178611","display_name":"Spatial cognition","level":3,"score":0.7076042294502258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5971872210502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5674277544021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5630180835723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5580635666847229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5114628076553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158709400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3578586","display_name":"Spatial ecology","level":2,"score":0.4917941391468048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175779824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574078","display_name":"Spatial organization","level":2,"score":0.4596649408340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3989613354206085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3296595513820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2800765037536621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21845471858978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14959868788719177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2024/01/12/2024.01.10.575026.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575026","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2024/01/12/2024.01.10.575026.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1170507322","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G105620","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322909","funder_display_name":"Isaac Newton Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1397198393","display_name":"Cooperating brain systems in attention and control","funder_award_id":"MC_UU_00030/7","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1850820672","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4361177694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G100773","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319993","funder_display_name":"Leverhulme Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6727631096","display_name":"Next Generation Psychological Embeddings","funder_award_id":"ES/W007347/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8363547524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"WT106931MA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319993","display_name":"Leverhulme Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/012mzw131"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322909","display_name":"Isaac Newton Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/02gn6ta77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390796874.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390796874.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W613766092","https://openalex.org/W1586895509","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1715013381","https://openalex.org/W1912306389","https://openalex.org/W1928342057","https://openalex.org/W1966810593","https://openalex.org/W1970792572","https://openalex.org/W1975778127","https://openalex.org/W1995540943","https://openalex.org/W2008579006","https://openalex.org/W2017766656","https://openalex.org/W2020794374","https://openalex.org/W2021473845","https://openalex.org/W2040036684","https://openalex.org/W2052515926","https://openalex.org/W2058616551","https://openalex.org/W2071290167","https://openalex.org/W2076574320","https://openalex.org/W2101295242","https://openalex.org/W2103212315","https://openalex.org/W2110161683","https://openalex.org/W2123213117","https://openalex.org/W2131861377","https://openalex.org/W2146561158","https://openalex.org/W2147027939","https://openalex.org/W2148856562","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2504134309","https://openalex.org/W2537084945","https://openalex.org/W2565012513","https://openalex.org/W2577983519","https://openalex.org/W2597771082","https://openalex.org/W2604617013","https://openalex.org/W2785527097","https://openalex.org/W2800142021","https://openalex.org/W2889422159","https://openalex.org/W2892120728","https://openalex.org/W2901087709","https://openalex.org/W2951066214","https://openalex.org/W2952062681","https://openalex.org/W2995785437","https://openalex.org/W3005166101","https://openalex.org/W3006472786","https://openalex.org/W3094502228","https://openalex.org/W3103493959","https://openalex.org/W3129925676","https://openalex.org/W3181627517","https://openalex.org/W3212309450","https://openalex.org/W4283837016","https://openalex.org/W4285097747","https://openalex.org/W4385056625","https://openalex.org/W4387375952"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146561158","https://openalex.org/W6946067532","https://openalex.org/W3010218741","https://openalex.org/W4296794724","https://openalex.org/W2785527097","https://openalex.org/W4402660031","https://openalex.org/W2968726863","https://openalex.org/W4226139670","https://openalex.org/W4283805066","https://openalex.org/W4410769109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Summary":[0],"Discoveries":[1],"of":[2,10,27,47,86,110,124,133],"functional":[3],"cell":[4,28,111,134],"types,":[5],"exemplified":[6],"by":[7],"the":[8,14,25,102,108,122,125],"cataloging":[9],"spatial":[11,62,87,96,114],"cells":[12],"in":[13,44,142],"hippocampal":[15],"formation,":[16],"are":[17,94,120],"heralded":[18],"as":[19],"scientific":[20,35],"breakthroughs.":[21],"We":[22,50],"question":[23],"whether":[24],"identification":[26],"types":[29,112],"based":[30],"on":[31],"human":[32],"intuitions":[33],"has":[34],"merit":[36],"and":[37,70,83,130,140],"suggest":[38],"that":[39,52,117],"\u201cspatial":[40],"cells\u201d":[41],"may":[42],"arise":[43,141],"non-spatial":[45],"computations":[46],"sufficient":[48],"complexity.":[49],"show":[51],"deep":[53],"neural":[54],"networks":[55],"(DNNs)":[56],"for":[57],"object":[58],"recognition,":[59],"which":[60,106,136],"lack":[61],"grounding,":[63],"contain":[64],"numerous":[65],"units":[66,82,93],"resembling":[67],"place,":[68],"border,":[69],"head-direction":[71],"cells.":[72],"Strikingly,":[73],"even":[74],"untrained":[75],"DNNs":[76],"with":[77],"randomized":[78],"weights":[79],"contained":[80],"such":[81],"support":[84],"decoding":[85],"information.":[88],"Moreover,":[89],"when":[90],"these":[91],"\u201cspatial\u201d":[92],"excluded,":[95],"information":[97],"can":[98,137],"be":[99,128,138,147],"decoded":[100],"from":[101],"remaining":[103],"DNN":[104],"units,":[105],"highlights":[107],"superfluousness":[109],"to":[113,149],"cognition.":[115],"Now":[116],"large-scale":[118],"simulations":[119],"feasible,":[121],"complexity":[123],"brain":[126],"should":[127,146],"respected":[129],"intuitive":[131],"notions":[132],"type,":[135],"misleading":[139],"any":[143],"complex":[144],"network,":[145],"relegated":[148],"history.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2024-01-13T00:00:00"}