{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390707684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","title":"Infection pressure in apes has driven selection for CD4 alleles that resist lentivirus (HIV/SIV) infection","display_name":"Infection pressure in apes has driven selection for CD4 alleles that resist lentivirus (HIV/SIV) infection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390707684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7554/elife.93316.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","pdf_url":"https://github.com/elifesciences/enhanced-preprints-data/raw/master/data/93316/v1/93316-v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1336409049","display_name":"eLife","issn_l":"2050-084X","issn":["2050-084X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311710","host_organization_name":"eLife Sciences Publications Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311710"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["eLife Sciences Publications Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eLife","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://github.com/elifesciences/enhanced-preprints-data/raw/master/data/93316/v1/93316-v1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078556670","display_name":"Cody J. Warren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4101-2705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4101-2705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cody J. Warren","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086915440","display_name":"Arturo Barbachano-Guerrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-839X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-839X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arturo Barbachano-Guerrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-839X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070908574","display_name":"Vanessa L. Bauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0225-3215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0225-3215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vanessa L. Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012470742","display_name":"Alex C. Stabell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex C. Stabell","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020584530","display_name":"Obaiah Dirasantha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-3352","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-3352"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Obaiah Dirasantha","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016086086","display_name":"Qing Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-3158","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9053-3158"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012500396","display_name":"Sara L. Sawyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6965-1085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6965-1085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sara L. Sawyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6965-1085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012500396"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I921990950"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.006200000178068876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-receptor","display_name":"CD4 receptor","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simian-immunodeficiency-virus","display_name":"simian immunodeficiency virus","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/great-apes","display_name":"great apes","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chimpanzees","display_name":"chimpanzees","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gorillas","display_name":"gorillas","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-resistance","display_name":"virus resistance","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-virus-coevolution","display_name":"host-virus coevolution","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-pressure","display_name":"selection pressure","score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-spillover","display_name":"viral spillover","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-mutations","display_name":"point mutations","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bonobos","display_name":"bonobos","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orangutans","display_name":"orangutans","score":0.996999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778273743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19537","display_name":"Bonobo","level":2,"score":0.7804663181304932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.76408851146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777995582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1890246","display_name":"Simian immunodeficiency virus","level":3,"score":0.6707077026367188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36611","display_name":"Gorilla","level":2,"score":0.6582029461860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.6464726328849792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.612162709236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4986445903778076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.4917140305042267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.48026490211486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779987252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635162","display_name":"Hominidae","level":3,"score":0.42297521233558655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.17009204626083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988562018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063","display_name":"Biological evolution","level":2,"score":0.09395849704742432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08201637864112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0744265615940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7554/elife.93316.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","pdf_url":"https://github.com/elifesciences/enhanced-preprints-data/raw/master/data/93316/v1/93316-v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1336409049","display_name":"eLife","issn_l":"2050-084X","issn":["2050-084X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311710","host_organization_name":"eLife Sciences Publications Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311710"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["eLife Sciences Publications Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eLife","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7554/elife.93316.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.93316.1","pdf_url":"https://github.com/elifesciences/enhanced-preprints-data/raw/master/data/93316/v1/93316-v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1336409049","display_name":"eLife","issn_l":"2050-084X","issn":["2050-084X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311710","host_organization_name":"eLife Sciences Publications Ltd","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311710"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["eLife Sciences Publications Ltd"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eLife","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1247275537","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K99 Al151256","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1323649535","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T32 A1007447-25","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1457573876","display_name":"Investigating CD4 as a species-specific barrier to transmitted/founder HIV-1 infection","funder_award_id":"F32GM125442","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6563587889","display_name":"Host genetic barriers to virus spillover","funder_award_id":"R01AI137011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6990083742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"S10ODO21601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7175060329","display_name":"Hunting the HIV-1 Unicorn","funder_award_id":"DP1DA046108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000867855","display_name":"Characterizing Host-Virus Interactions in a New HIV Model Organism","funder_award_id":"R01OD034046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000905726","display_name":"Breaking the Barrier to an HIV Vaccine","funder_award_id":"DP1AI175471","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390707684.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390707684.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1919257374","https://openalex.org/W1928220195","https://openalex.org/W1981879850","https://openalex.org/W2004669329","https://openalex.org/W2044916494","https://openalex.org/W2046183549","https://openalex.org/W2049122170","https://openalex.org/W2068233660","https://openalex.org/W2079074163","https://openalex.org/W2082967637","https://openalex.org/W2110335151","https://openalex.org/W2111762123","https://openalex.org/W2112044573","https://openalex.org/W2114794895","https://openalex.org/W2119180969","https://openalex.org/W2132393729","https://openalex.org/W2132926880","https://openalex.org/W2134316597","https://openalex.org/W2134578475","https://openalex.org/W2135350300","https://openalex.org/W2137029068","https://openalex.org/W2140665904","https://openalex.org/W2140784970","https://openalex.org/W2142619120","https://openalex.org/W2144820135","https://openalex.org/W2147030831","https://openalex.org/W2147735953","https://openalex.org/W2157149092","https://openalex.org/W2158829066","https://openalex.org/W2159181197","https://openalex.org/W2168133698","https://openalex.org/W2590019003","https://openalex.org/W2734356283","https://openalex.org/W2755331695","https://openalex.org/W2794075449","https://openalex.org/W2913792143","https://openalex.org/W2945636622","https://openalex.org/W2951689465","https://openalex.org/W2964159928","https://openalex.org/W2999168229","https://openalex.org/W3013091596","https://openalex.org/W3023322881","https://openalex.org/W3134733981","https://openalex.org/W3138811272","https://openalex.org/W3156220195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390707616","https://openalex.org/W3209762694","https://openalex.org/W2799753126","https://openalex.org/W2913792143","https://openalex.org/W2807544621","https://openalex.org/W4293093262","https://openalex.org/W2138615129","https://openalex.org/W7095195662","https://openalex.org/W2945636622","https://openalex.org/W1855636332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Simian":[1],"immunodeficiency":[2],"viruses":[3],"(SIVs)":[4],"comprise":[5],"a":[6,38,195,216],"large":[7],"group":[8],"of":[9,44,56,63,78,88,101,114,160,174,230,279],"primate":[10],"lentiviruses":[11],"that":[12,122,166,202,224,255,264],"endemically":[13],"infect":[14],"African":[15],"monkeys.":[16],"HIV-1":[17],"spilled":[18],"over":[19],"to":[20,35,98,119,127,140,182,211,220,275],"humans":[21],"from":[22,33,156,190],"this":[23,70,124,146],"viral":[24],"reservoir,":[25],"but":[26,246],"the":[27,42,52,61,64,76,99,120,222,277],"spillover":[28],"did":[29,208],"not":[30,247],"occur":[31],"directly":[32],"monkeys":[34],"humans.":[36,57],"Instead,":[37],"key":[39,71],"event":[40,74],"was":[41,150],"introduction":[43],"SIVs":[45],"into":[46,194],"great":[47],"apes,":[48],"which":[49],"then":[50],"set":[51],"stage":[53],"for":[54],"infection":[55,100,242],"Here,":[58],"we":[59,82,152,200],"investigate":[60,144],"role":[62],"lentiviral":[65],"entry":[66,113],"receptor,":[67,199],"CD4,":[68,273],"in":[69,75,94,148,180,205,228,237,248,283],"and":[72,84,103,134,163,232,244,253,285],"fateful":[73],"history":[77],"SIV/HIV":[79],"emergence.":[80],"First,":[81],"reconstructed":[83],"tested":[85],"ancient":[86],"forms":[87],"CD4":[89,149,154,170,178,192,198,207,235,281],"at":[90],"two":[91],"important":[92],"nodes":[93],"ape":[95,250,272],"speciation,":[96],"prior":[97],"chimpanzees":[102,284],"gorillas":[104],"with":[105,239],"these":[106,141,175],"viruses.":[107,142],"These":[108],"ancestral":[109],"CD4s":[110,136],"fully":[111],"supported":[112],"diverse":[115],"SIV":[116,241,257,265],"isolates":[117],"related":[118],"virus(es)":[121],"made":[123],"initial":[125],"jump":[126],"apes.":[128],"In":[129],"stark":[130],"contrast,":[131],"modern":[132],"chimpanzee":[133],"gorilla":[135,158,191,206],"are":[137],"more":[138,231,233],"resistant":[139,234],"To":[143],"how":[145],"resistance":[147,210],"gained,":[151],"acquired":[153,203],"sequences":[155],"32":[157],"individuals":[159],"2":[161],"species,":[162],"identified":[164,176],"alleles":[165,193,236,282],"encode":[167],"8":[168],"unique":[169],"proteins.":[171],"Function":[172],"testing":[173],"allele-specific":[177],"differences":[179],"susceptibility":[181],"virus":[183,212],"entry.":[184,213],"By":[185],"engineering":[186],"single":[187],"point":[188],"mutations":[189],"permissive":[196],"human":[197],"demonstrate":[201],"SNPs":[204],"convey":[209],"We":[214],"provide":[215],"population":[217],"genetic":[218],"analysis":[219],"support":[221],"theory":[223],"selection":[225],"is":[226],"acting":[227,274],"favor":[229],"apes":[238],"endemic":[240],"(gorillas":[243],"chimpanzees),":[245],"other":[249],"species":[251],"(bonobo":[252],"orangutan)":[254],"lack":[256],"infections.":[258],"Taken":[259],"together,":[260],"our":[261],"results":[262],"show":[263],"has":[266],"placed":[267],"intense":[268],"selective":[269],"pressure":[270],"on":[271],"drive":[276],"generation":[278],"SIV-resistant":[280],"gorillas.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2024-01-13T00:00:00"}