{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390532686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","title":"Guest Column: The 7 faces of quantum NP","display_name":"Guest Column: The 7 faces of quantum NP","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390532686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3639528.3639535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3639528.3639535","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206003","display_name":"ACM SIGACT News","issn_l":"0163-5700","issn":["0163-5700","1943-5827"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGACT News","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3639528.3639535","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023060969","display_name":"Sevag Gharibian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-3379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-3379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206945453","display_name":"Paderborn University","ror":"https://ror.org/058kzsd48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sevag Gharibian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paderborn University, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paderborn University, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023060969"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206945453"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4694,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63751951,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"4","first_page":"54","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9320999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9320999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.05719999969005585,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qma","display_name":"QMA","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-complexity-classes","display_name":"quantum complexity classes","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computing","display_name":"quantum computing","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5665038824081421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109167261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421955","display_name":"Fell","level":2,"score":0.5578984618186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5432674884796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.49542391300201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.46610674262046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.43081510066986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2285342812538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.19460567831993103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18383559584617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.164107084274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.07693859934806824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07636460661888123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3639528.3639535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3639528.3639535","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206003","display_name":"ACM SIGACT News","issn_l":"0163-5700","issn":["0163-5700","1943-5827"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGACT News","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.18010","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.18010","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.18010","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2310.18010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.18010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.18010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3639528.3639535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3639528.3639535","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3639528.3639535","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210206003","display_name":"ACM SIGACT News","issn_l":"0163-5700","issn":["0163-5700","1943-5827"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGACT News","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2211905918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13N16103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2544641786","display_name":"Die Komplexit\u00e4t von physikalischen Quantenproblemen durch Orakelkomplexit\u00e4tsklassen","funder_award_id":"450041824","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6837656849","display_name":"Das QuantenErf\u00fcllbarkeitsproblem  Algorithmen und komplexit\u00e4tstheoretische Schwierigkeit","funder_award_id":"432788384","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390532686.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390532686.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":171,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4172973","https://openalex.org/W10965301","https://openalex.org/W36522890","https://openalex.org/W1481115295","https://openalex.org/W1492999010","https://openalex.org/W1494952201","https://openalex.org/W1508413598","https://openalex.org/W1523603617","https://openalex.org/W1530678239","https://openalex.org/W1538676568","https://openalex.org/W1540171566","https://openalex.org/W1565361209","https://openalex.org/W1589876864","https://openalex.org/W1594342725","https://openalex.org/W1612064427","https://openalex.org/W1613136215","https://openalex.org/W1630611670","https://openalex.org/W1632729363","https://openalex.org/W1633109858","https://openalex.org/W1644115585","https://openalex.org/W1650784252","https://openalex.org/W1657993942","https://openalex.org/W1663554127","https://openalex.org/W1667728213","https://openalex.org/W1678440726","https://openalex.org/W1752349928","https://openalex.org/W1762359758","https://openalex.org/W1767024484","https://openalex.org/W1858000682","https://openalex.org/W1858333725","https://openalex.org/W1884213854","https://openalex.org/W1896347490","https://openalex.org/W1975442866","https://openalex.org/W1975727776","https://openalex.org/W1980813953","https://openalex.org/W1985123706","https://openalex.org/W1999502904","https://openalex.org/W2006872837","https://openalex.org/W2009298026","https://openalex.org/W2009948449","https://openalex.org/W2012206667","https://openalex.org/W2019578639","https://openalex.org/W2031823362","https://openalex.org/W2034763770","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2042134536","https://openalex.org/W2043452671","https://openalex.org/W2044630019","https://openalex.org/W2045590835","https://openalex.org/W2052146120","https://openalex.org/W2057741042","https://openalex.org/W2057913812","https://openalex.org/W2065251436","https://openalex.org/W2072381205","https://openalex.org/W2076067331","https://openalex.org/W2078081035","https://openalex.org/W2081131534","https://openalex.org/W2084019889","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2100827027","https://openalex.org/W2101031806","https://openalex.org/W2101577710","https://openalex.org/W2103122463","https://openalex.org/W2103981148","https://openalex.org/W2107964429","https://openalex.org/W2111166346","https://openalex.org/W2118180752","https://openalex.org/W2121981260","https://openalex.org/W2122844951","https://openalex.org/W2131575873","https://openalex.org/W2140790422","https://openalex.org/W2143677375","https://openalex.org/W2144362128","https://openalex.org/W2146443256","https://openalex.org/W2148352980","https://openalex.org/W2153979649","https://openalex.org/W2155664940","https://openalex.org/W2159566537","https://openalex.org/W2165676867","https://openalex.org/W2166566648","https://openalex.org/W2169359757","https://openalex.org/W2169435287","https://openalex.org/W2193371463","https://openalex.org/W2243432867","https://openalex.org/W2259807714","https://openalex.org/W2296189723","https://openalex.org/W2299781645","https://openalex.org/W2317586084","https://openalex.org/W2338736623","https://openalex.org/W2346553292","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W2536043983","https://openalex.org/W2582683281","https://openalex.org/W2610452584","https://openalex.org/W2625656753","https://openalex.org/W2767713609","https://openalex.org/W2775903563","https://openalex.org/W2780021842","https://openalex.org/W2783493337","https://openalex.org/W2785781302","https://openalex.org/W2789573873","https://openalex.org/W2792324887","https://openalex.org/W2793525843","https://openalex.org/W2800846823","https://openalex.org/W2805918291","https://openalex.org/W2880299821","https://openalex.org/W2910147731","https://openalex.org/W2913788899","https://openalex.org/W2949059721","https://openalex.org/W2949474541","https://openalex.org/W2951183775","https://openalex.org/W2952067539","https://openalex.org/W2952315951","https://openalex.org/W2952437585","https://openalex.org/W2952627047","https://openalex.org/W2952865851","https://openalex.org/W2970960002","https://openalex.org/W2973433749","https://openalex.org/W2977431606","https://openalex.org/W3006823398","https://openalex.org/W3013529095","https://openalex.org/W3014617384","https://openalex.org/W3015711496","https://openalex.org/W3022283227","https://openalex.org/W3034336799","https://openalex.org/W3037687232","https://openalex.org/W3092264216","https://openalex.org/W3098715942","https://openalex.org/W3101305239","https://openalex.org/W3103980662","https://openalex.org/W3105421460","https://openalex.org/W3106202032","https://openalex.org/W3111162498","https://openalex.org/W3115410041","https://openalex.org/W3173190396","https://openalex.org/W3189250281","https://openalex.org/W3199543116","https://openalex.org/W3211949586","https://openalex.org/W3212014075","https://openalex.org/W3213933684","https://openalex.org/W3215460652","https://openalex.org/W4206637484","https://openalex.org/W4212914765","https://openalex.org/W4213060883","https://openalex.org/W4226180919","https://openalex.org/W4241584151","https://openalex.org/W4249436157","https://openalex.org/W4253824852","https://openalex.org/W4283066063","https://openalex.org/W4296504855","https://openalex.org/W4310628018","https://openalex.org/W4319323741","https://openalex.org/W4320174471","https://openalex.org/W4321853643","https://openalex.org/W4362698547","https://openalex.org/W4376639605","https://openalex.org/W4376651367","https://openalex.org/W4382141724","https://openalex.org/W4385020958","https://openalex.org/W4385438397","https://openalex.org/W4385438559","https://openalex.org/W4387043683","https://openalex.org/W4387322939","https://openalex.org/W4394699790","https://openalex.org/W4398206470","https://openalex.org/W4404312875","https://openalex.org/W4413866689","https://openalex.org/W4414770498","https://openalex.org/W6631663985","https://openalex.org/W6640905960","https://openalex.org/W6843403811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538676568","https://openalex.org/W7099409475","https://openalex.org/W4390547762","https://openalex.org/W2148264113","https://openalex.org/W2330956351","https://openalex.org/W1633109858","https://openalex.org/W2006872837","https://openalex.org/W7097217674","https://openalex.org/W2006290558","https://openalex.org/W7097752258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"it":[1],"comes":[2],"to":[3,108],"NP,":[4,30,92],"its":[5,8,15],"natural":[6],"definition,":[7],"wide":[9],"applicability":[10],"across":[11],"scientific":[12],"disciplines,":[13],"and":[14,72,95,97],"timeless":[16],"relevance,":[17],"the":[18,22,32,37,43,50,112],"writing":[19],"is":[20,35],"on":[21,31],"wall:":[23],"There":[24],"can":[25],"be":[26],"only":[27],"one.":[28],"Quantum":[29],"other":[33],"hand,":[34],"clearly":[36],"apple":[38],"that":[39],"fell":[40],"far":[41],"from":[42],"tree":[44],"of":[45,53,90,100],"NP.":[46],"Two":[47],"decades":[48],"since":[49],"first":[51],"definitions":[52,89],"quantum":[54,59,91],"NP":[55],"started":[56],"rolling":[57],"in,":[58],"complexity":[60,113],"theorists":[61],"face":[62],"a":[63,79],"stark":[64],"reality:":[65],"There's":[66],"QMA,":[67],"QCMA,":[68],"QMA1,":[69],"QMA(2),":[70],"StoqMA,":[71],"NQP.":[73],"In":[74],"this":[75],"article":[76],"aimed":[77],"at":[78],"general":[80],"theoretical":[81],"computer":[82],"science":[83],"audience,":[84],"I":[85],"survey":[86],"these":[87],"various":[88],"their":[93],"strengths":[94],"weaknesses,":[96],"why":[98],"most":[99],"them,":[101],"for":[102],"better":[103],"or":[104],"worse,":[105],"actually":[106],"appear":[107],"fit":[109],"naturally":[110],"into":[111],"zoo.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2024-01-04T00:00:00"}
