{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390167321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","title":"Bifonazole Loaded Transethosomal Gel: Formulation and Optimization by Box Behnken Design","display_name":"Bifonazole Loaded Transethosomal Gel: Formulation and Optimization by Box Behnken Design","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390167321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S936776586","display_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut","issn_l":"1110-0052","issn":["1110-0052","3009-7703"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000705149","display_name":"Kshema","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kshema .","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore-575018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064581302","display_name":"Sandhya Vasanth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158688498","display_name":"Yenepoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/029zfa075","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158688498"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandhya Vasanth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Mangalore-575018","Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College &amp","Research Centre, Mangalore-575018"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Mangalore-575018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158688498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College &amp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158688498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre, Mangalore-575018","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083493294","display_name":"Sneh Priya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-8726","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4110-8726","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7251-6354"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sneh Priya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutics, \r\nNGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte  (Deemed to be University)\r\n\r\nMangalore-575018, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutics, \r\nNGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte  (Deemed to be University)\r\n\r\nMangalore-575018, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35138262,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"0","issue":"0","first_page":"0","last_page":"0"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10256","display_name":"Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bifonazole","display_name":"bifonazole","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transethosomes","display_name":"transethosomes","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vesicular-drug-delivery-systems","display_name":"vesicular drug delivery","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transdermal-drug-delivery","display_name":"transdermal drug delivery","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antifungal-activity","display_name":"antifungal activity","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vesicle-size","display_name":"vesicle size","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encapsulation-efficiency","display_name":"encapsulation efficiency","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-drug-release","display_name":"in vitro drug release","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ex-vivo-skin-permeation","display_name":"ex vivo skin permeation","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higuchi-kinetics","display_name":"Higuchi model","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soy-lecithin","display_name":"soy lecithin","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-cholate","display_name":"sodium cholate","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethanol","display_name":"ethanol","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbopol-940-gel","display_name":"Carbopol 940 gel","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/box-behnken-design","display_name":"Box-Behnken design","score":0.7889999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170295934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4952019","display_name":"Box\u2013Behnken design","level":3,"score":0.9868547320365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776776321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421162","display_name":"Bifonazole","level":3,"score":0.8590198755264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.4235679507255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3269982635974884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150077022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136137","display_name":"Response surface methodology","level":2,"score":0.28573405742645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08813846111297607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0545753538608551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779548794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578726","display_name":"Antifungal","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S936776586","display_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut","issn_l":"1110-0052","issn":["1110-0052","3009-7703"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:209313b57e0d48b2ac6133b6af5b9814","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/209313b57e0d48b2ac6133b6af5b9814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut University, Vol 47, Iss 1, Pp 65-81 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.239243.1932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S936776586","display_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut","issn_l":"1110-0052","issn":["1110-0052","3009-7703"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323237894","host_organization_name":"Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323237894"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Egypts Presidential Specialized Council for Education and Scientific Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413240863","https://openalex.org/W4315649104","https://openalex.org/W4402407305","https://openalex.org/W4386966412","https://openalex.org/W7142777722","https://openalex.org/W7162942540","https://openalex.org/W4402407366","https://openalex.org/W4398775782","https://openalex.org/W4400862198","https://openalex.org/W4390398635"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,214],"study":[1,215],"was":[2,25,139],"intended":[3],"to":[4,107,143,187],"develop":[5],"and":[6,27,34,44,56,69,81,91,99,112,125,135,151,194,224],"optimize":[7],"the":[8,14,20,28,60,121,144,166,184,191,211],"transethosomal":[9,136,177,202,219],"gel":[10,80,137,146,158,178,193,203,220],"of":[11,16,30,47,102,131,204],"Bifonazole":[12,205],"for":[13,66,83],"treatment":[15],"fungal":[17],"infections.":[18],"For":[19,155],"optimization":[21],"purpose,":[22],"Box-Behnken":[23],"Design":[24],"used,":[26],"concentration":[29],"soya":[31],"lecithin,":[32],"ethanol":[33],"sodium":[35],"cholate":[36],"were":[37,50,64,74,105,123],"selected":[38],"as":[39],"independent":[40,48],"variables.":[41],"The":[42,71,94,115,127,200],"individual":[43],"combined":[45],"effects":[46],"variables":[49],"assessed":[51],"on":[52],"vesicle":[53,95],"size,":[54,96],"PDI":[55],"entrapment":[57],"efficiency.":[58],"Further,":[59],"optimized":[61,72,103],"Bifonazole-loaded":[62,218],"transethosomes":[63,73],"evaluated":[65,82],"zeta":[67,100],"potential":[68,101],"TEM.":[70],"incorporated":[75],"into":[76,165],"1.5%":[77],"Carbopol":[78],"940":[79],"in":[84,128,159,183],"vitro":[85,129,160],"release,":[86],"ex":[87,174],"vivo":[88,175],"permeation":[89,223],"studies":[90],"antifungal":[92,208,226],"activity.":[93,227],"PDI,":[97],"%EE":[98],"formulation":[104],"found":[106],"be":[108],"104.7nm,":[109],"0.356,":[110],"86.23%,":[111],"-27.2mV":[113],"respectively.":[114],"transmission":[116],"electron":[117],"microscopy":[118],"showed":[119,206,221],"that":[120,217],"vesicles":[122],"uniform":[124],"spherical.":[126],"release":[130,161],"transethosome":[132],"suspension":[133,153],"(73.49%)":[134],"(66.43%)":[138],"more":[140],"when":[141],"compared":[142],"conventional":[145,192],"(45.37%),":[147],"marketed":[148,198],"cream":[149],"(43.31%),":[150],"drug":[152],"(36.49%).":[154],"both":[156],"prepared":[157,201],"data":[162],"fits":[163],"well":[164],"Higuchi's":[167],"model":[168],"(R2":[169],">":[170],"0.99).":[171],"From":[172],"an":[173],"study,":[176],"shows":[179],"a":[180],"significant":[181],"increase":[182],"steady-state":[185],"flux":[186],"1.53":[188],"times":[189,196],"than":[190,197,210],"1.54":[195],"cream.":[199,213],"better":[207,222],"activity":[209],"marked":[212],"concluded":[216],"enhanced":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-12-25T00:00:00"}