{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389934310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","title":"Air-Ground Collaborative Resource Optimization in UAV Empowered Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Air-Ground Collaborative Resource Optimization in UAV Empowered Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389934310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019854655","display_name":"Linlin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-3841","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-3841"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-3841","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100743927","display_name":"Qi Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8190-8912","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8190-8912","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2125"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8190-8912","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075408600","display_name":"Wenchao Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6245-0347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6245-0347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchao Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6245-0347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030858163","display_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Tampines, Singapore","Yonsei Frontier Laboratory, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Tampines, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei Frontier Laboratory, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755735","display_name":"Hongbo Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-4434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-4434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbo Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-4434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2345,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2345},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2114,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87204006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"4","first_page":"2485","last_page":"2499"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.7875999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.7875999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.1988999992609024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.0066999997943639755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-free-massive-mimo","display_name":"cell-free massive MIMO","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unmanned-aerial-vehicles","display_name":"unmanned aerial vehicles","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-ground-collaboration","display_name":"air-ground collaboration","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-expansion","display_name":"coverage extension","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downlink-beamforming","display_name":"downlink beamforming","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fronthaul-compression","display_name":"fronthaul compression","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uav-placement","display_name":"UAV placement","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-minimization","display_name":"power minimization","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-communication","display_name":"green communication","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-timescale-optimization","display_name":"two-timescale optimization","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-channel-state-information","display_name":"statistical channel state information","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uplink-downlink-duality","display_name":"uplink-downlink duality","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semidefinite-relaxation","display_name":"semidefinite relaxation","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-convex-approximation","display_name":"successive convex approximation","score":0.921999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6795557141304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5319927930831909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34186527132987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3271596431732178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32547932863235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.09906277060508728}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2023.3345016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196647941","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","issn_l":"0090-6778","issn":["0090-6778","1558-0857"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2164956086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BE2022068-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327777","funder_display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7075795604","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201285","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327777","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050815608","https://openalex.org/W2071563913","https://openalex.org/W2144382887","https://openalex.org/W2145486800","https://openalex.org/W2161473225","https://openalex.org/W2164271287","https://openalex.org/W2169813715","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2338770003","https://openalex.org/W2510929909","https://openalex.org/W2773222971","https://openalex.org/W2790183137","https://openalex.org/W2884666313","https://openalex.org/W2923097523","https://openalex.org/W2938548345","https://openalex.org/W2962750265","https://openalex.org/W2962804513","https://openalex.org/W2963491643","https://openalex.org/W2963555336","https://openalex.org/W2963640672","https://openalex.org/W2963757186","https://openalex.org/W2964023906","https://openalex.org/W2964181991","https://openalex.org/W2971415724","https://openalex.org/W2985994751","https://openalex.org/W3015844993","https://openalex.org/W3022601977","https://openalex.org/W3026072117","https://openalex.org/W3089147436","https://openalex.org/W3135114160","https://openalex.org/W3169591209","https://openalex.org/W3184862476","https://openalex.org/W3189410209","https://openalex.org/W3194645875","https://openalex.org/W3209298344","https://openalex.org/W4205812733","https://openalex.org/W4206658479","https://openalex.org/W4220891921","https://openalex.org/W4221165631","https://openalex.org/W4229706427","https://openalex.org/W4290996296","https://openalex.org/W4297912121","https://openalex.org/W4312597125","https://openalex.org/W4312897659","https://openalex.org/W4313427333","https://openalex.org/W4365128483","https://openalex.org/W4393059640"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4393059640","https://openalex.org/W4391743142","https://openalex.org/W4407309824","https://openalex.org/W4410809500","https://openalex.org/W4400727426","https://openalex.org/W4297912121","https://openalex.org/W4384787122","https://openalex.org/W7131311749","https://openalex.org/W3004946548","https://openalex.org/W7130380978"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cell-free":[0],"massive":[1],"multiple-input-multiple-out":[2],"(CF-mMIMO)":[3],"systems":[4],"provide":[5],"limited":[6,80],"coverage":[7,51],"because":[8],"of":[9,52,83,90,208],"expensive":[10],"wired":[11],"fronthaul":[12,64,107,152],"between":[13,65],"access":[14,77],"points":[15],"(APs)":[16],"and":[17,68,86,106,151,167,189],"central":[18],"processing":[19],"unit":[20],"(CPU).":[21],"To":[22,56],"address":[23],"this":[24],"challenge,":[25],"we":[26,93,123],"propose":[27,124],"a":[28,95,118,125],"novel":[29],"framework":[30,128],"where":[31],"an":[32,39],"unmanned":[33],"aerial":[34,40],"vehicle":[35],"(UAV),":[36],"acting":[37],"as":[38,109,111],"AP,":[41],"works":[42],"coherently":[43],"with":[44,74],"the":[45,50,59,62,66,71,75,84,88,131,148,181,198,206,209],"ground":[46],"APs":[47],"to":[48,101,177,180,194,197],"expand":[49],"conventional":[53],"CF-mMIMO":[54],"system.":[55],"fully":[57],"utilize":[58],"spectrum":[60],"resource,":[61],"wireless":[63],"CPU":[67],"UAV":[69,85,112,132],"shares":[70],"total":[72],"bandwidth":[73],"radio":[76],"networks.":[78],"Considering":[79],"power":[81,98],"supply":[82],"for":[87],"goal":[89],"green":[91],"communications,":[92],"formulate":[94],"weighted":[96],"sum":[97],"minimization":[99],"problem":[100,116],"jointly":[102],"optimize":[103],"downlink":[104,149],"beamforming":[105,150],"compression,":[108],"well":[110],"placement.":[113],"The":[114],"formulated":[115],"is":[117,134],"mixed":[119],"timescale":[120,139,159,183,200],"problem,":[121],"thus":[122],"two-timescale":[126],"optimization":[127,173],"in":[129,136,156],"which":[130],"placement":[133],"optimized":[135,155],"each":[137,157],"long":[138,199],"based":[140,160,171],"on":[141,161],"statistical":[142],"channel":[143],"state":[144],"information":[145],"(CSI),":[146],"then":[147],"compression":[153],"are":[154,175,192],"short":[158,182],"instantaneous":[162],"CSI.":[163],"Specifically,":[164],"uplink-downlink":[165],"duality":[166],"semidefinite":[168],"relaxation":[169],"(SDR)":[170],"alternating":[172],"techniques":[174],"introduced":[176],"find":[178,195],"solutions":[179,196],"issue,":[184],"while":[185],"successive":[186],"convex":[187],"approximation":[188],"SDR":[190],"methods":[191],"invoked":[193],"issue.":[201],"Finally,":[202],"simulation":[203],"results":[204],"corroborate":[205],"performance":[207],"proposed":[210],"algorithm.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-12-20T00:00:00"}