{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389686232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","title":"Enhancing load frequency control with plug-in electric vehicle integration in non-reheat thermal power systems","display_name":"Enhancing load frequency control with plug-in electric vehicle integration in non-reheat thermal power systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389686232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111975091","display_name":"Electrical Engineering","issn_l":"0003-9039","issn":["0003-9039","0948-7921","1432-0487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electrical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-3250701/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071581223","display_name":"Rakesh Rajan Shukla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-5393","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-5393"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446400","display_name":"Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar","ror":"https://ror.org/02b1vt080","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388446400"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rakesh Rajan Shukla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057708478","display_name":"Man Mohan Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-2680","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4061-2680"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83205935","display_name":"Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/0077k1j32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Man Mohan Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071050155","display_name":"Anup Kumar Panda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-0568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-0568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16292982","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Rourkela","ror":"https://ror.org/011gmn932","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anup Kumar Panda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16292982"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059149112","display_name":"Debapriya Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-6688","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-6688"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debapriya Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057708478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8552,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67149024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"106","issue":"3","first_page":"3305","last_page":"3320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-frequency-control","display_name":"load frequency control","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plug-in-electric-vehicles","display_name":"plug-in electric vehicles","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-locus","display_name":"root locus","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller-gain-tuning","display_name":"controller gain tuning","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routh-approximation","display_name":"Routh approximation","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-reduction","display_name":"model reduction","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-order-pid-controller","display_name":"fractional order PID controller","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"particle swarm optimization","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-charge","display_name":"state of charge","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-signal-stability","display_name":"small-signal stability","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy-integration","display_name":"renewable energy integration","score":0.7319999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7164538502693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.668083906173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.6337730884552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5556716322898865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5448174476623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.5141868591308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.47609102725982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4519576132297516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3984012007713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36949479579925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2671717405319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.12679192423820496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.10371673107147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-023-02144-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111975091","display_name":"Electrical Engineering","issn_l":"0003-9039","issn":["0003-9039","0948-7921","1432-0487"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electrical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3250701/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3250701/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3250701/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-3250701/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3250701/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3250701/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3250701/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-3250701/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":1.0,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389686232.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389686232.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W216555130","https://openalex.org/W883434633","https://openalex.org/W2010140147","https://openalex.org/W2019911924","https://openalex.org/W2022685358","https://openalex.org/W2023744873","https://openalex.org/W2101376420","https://openalex.org/W2119772009","https://openalex.org/W2166580176","https://openalex.org/W2170100686","https://openalex.org/W2218679167","https://openalex.org/W2478947495","https://openalex.org/W2543381344","https://openalex.org/W2580071208","https://openalex.org/W2620528066","https://openalex.org/W2752371346","https://openalex.org/W2755021370","https://openalex.org/W2758471079","https://openalex.org/W2791042447","https://openalex.org/W2883164229","https://openalex.org/W2891534830","https://openalex.org/W2900269254","https://openalex.org/W2918415958","https://openalex.org/W2946161834","https://openalex.org/W2971580770","https://openalex.org/W3013174601","https://openalex.org/W3032510662","https://openalex.org/W3046182757","https://openalex.org/W3091263342","https://openalex.org/W3157489181","https://openalex.org/W3160059665","https://openalex.org/W4200204220","https://openalex.org/W4224268739","https://openalex.org/W4226413499","https://openalex.org/W4285252154","https://openalex.org/W4317790133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409791875","https://openalex.org/W4379106307","https://openalex.org/W3006896049","https://openalex.org/W4205444901","https://openalex.org/W4415970183","https://openalex.org/W4415491350","https://openalex.org/W2944305249","https://openalex.org/W4362694807","https://openalex.org/W4285166140","https://openalex.org/W3103497003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"As":[1],"the":[2,9,21,45,83,90,108,157,178,213],"percentage":[3],"of":[4,33,44,107,130,159,165,182,190],"renewable":[5],"energy":[6,10],"source":[7],"within":[8],"production":[11],"mix":[12],"has":[13],"expanded,":[14],"it's":[15],"become":[16],"gradually":[17],"difficult":[18],"to":[19,88,127],"determine":[20],"appropriate":[22],"values":[23,48,65,94],"for":[24,61,69,98,117,200],"controller":[25,46,63,92,139],"gains":[26],"and":[27,49,66,95,124,143,169,188,207],"model":[28,53,67,96],"parameters.":[29,54],"Controlling":[30],"system":[31,36,132],"frequency":[32,76],"interconnected":[34],"power":[35],"during":[37],"sudden":[38],"load":[39,75],"disturbance":[40],"requires":[41],"careful":[42],"consideration":[43],"gain":[47,64,93,202],"small":[50],"signal":[51],"stability":[52],"This":[55,100],"study":[56],"proposes":[57],"an":[58],"innovative":[59],"methodology":[60],"ascertaining":[62],"parameters":[68,97,145,168],"plug-in":[70],"electric":[71],"vehicles":[72],"(PEVs)":[73],"in":[74,195,212],"control":[77],"(LFC)":[78],"applications.":[79],"Proposed":[80],"method":[81,114,199],"uses":[82],"root":[84],"locus":[85],"(RL)":[86],"approach":[87],"find":[89],"suitable":[91],"PEVs.":[99],"paper":[101],"offers":[102],"a":[103,162],"thorough":[104],"mathematical":[105],"description":[106],"proposed":[109,198],"RL":[110],"approach.":[111],"Routh":[112],"approximation":[113],"is":[115,141,173,186,204],"used":[116],"reduced-order":[118],"modelling":[119],"(ROM),":[120],"which":[121],"comprises":[122],"thermal":[123],"PEV":[125],"systems,":[126],"reduce":[128],"complexity":[129],"higher-order":[131],"while":[133],"designing":[134],"controllers.":[135],"Fractional":[136],"order":[137],"proportional-integral-derivative":[138],"(FO-PID)":[140],"proposed,":[142],"its":[144],"are":[146,193],"adjusted":[147],"using":[148],"particle":[149],"swarm":[150],"optimization":[151,153],"(PSO)":[152],"tool.":[154],"To":[155],"validate":[156],"efficacy":[158],"suggested":[160],"method,":[161],"comprehensive":[163],"comparison":[164],"time":[166],"response":[167],"performance":[170],"indices":[171],"(PI)":[172],"carefully":[174],"carried":[175],"out.":[176],"Also,":[177],"various":[179],"PEVs":[180],"state":[181],"charge":[183],"(SOC)":[184],"levels":[185,192],"investigated,":[187],"effects":[189],"these":[191],"studied":[194],"LFC.":[196],"The":[197],"determining":[201],"value":[203],"highly":[205],"reliable":[206],"efficient,":[208],"outperforming":[209],"existing":[210],"methodologies":[211],"literature.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2023-12-14T00:00:00"}