{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389620145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","title":"Glacial lakes of Sikkim Himalaya: their dynamics, trends, and likely fate\u2014a timeseries analysis through cloud-based geocomputing, and machine learning","display_name":"Glacial lakes of Sikkim Himalaya: their dynamics, trends, and likely fate\u2014a timeseries analysis through cloud-based geocomputing, and machine learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389620145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83752769","display_name":"Geomatics Natural Hazards and Risk","issn_l":"1947-5705","issn":["1947-5705","1947-5713"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012481945","display_name":"Polash Banerjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-9347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-9347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81433678","display_name":"Sikkim Manipal University","ror":"https://ror.org/010gckf65","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81433678"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Polash Banerjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-9347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81433678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022380273","display_name":"Chandrashekhar Bhuiyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-3296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-3296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81433678","display_name":"Sikkim Manipal University","ror":"https://ror.org/010gckf65","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81433678"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chandrashekhar Bhuiyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-3296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Majitar, Sikkim, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81433678"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022380273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81433678"],"apc_list":{"value":1460,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1790},"apc_paid":{"value":1460,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1790},"fwci":2.3631,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89981147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacial-lakes","display_name":"glacial lakes","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sikkim-himalaya","display_name":"Sikkim Himalaya","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacial-lake-outburst-floods","display_name":"glacial lake outburst floods","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glacial-lake-mapping","display_name":"glacial lake mapping","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series-analysis","display_name":"time series analysis","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-impacts","display_name":"climate change impacts","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snowmelt-runoff","display_name":"snowmelt runoff","score":0.6859999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.6465985774993896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6057409644126892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.5240602493286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778845824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211302","display_name":"Glacial lake","level":3,"score":0.5147666931152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.4578172266483307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64649846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754697","display_name":"Snowmelt","level":3,"score":0.43526801466941833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42270198464393616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4201659858226776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.379592627286911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.362328439950943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.3579200804233551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3229385018348694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.24340316653251648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.20855900645256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2035103738307953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.11279931664466858}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83752769","display_name":"Geomatics Natural Hazards and Risk","issn_l":"1947-5705","issn":["1947-5705","1947-5713"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:48c172000dd14f4685468ee155393ed0","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/48c172000dd14f4685468ee155393ed0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Geomatics, Natural Hazards & Risk, Vol 14, Iss 1 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19475705.2023.2286903?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83752769","display_name":"Geomatics Natural Hazards and Risk","issn_l":"1947-5705","issn":["1947-5705","1947-5713"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.9786999821662903}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389620145.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389620145.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W234758759","https://openalex.org/W1501322096","https://openalex.org/W1554944419","https://openalex.org/W1961672453","https://openalex.org/W1995581599","https://openalex.org/W2003274998","https://openalex.org/W2012117566","https://openalex.org/W2023593473","https://openalex.org/W2024578125","https://openalex.org/W2026152115","https://openalex.org/W2060285670","https://openalex.org/W2066907097","https://openalex.org/W2084744129","https://openalex.org/W2085607944","https://openalex.org/W2089617377","https://openalex.org/W2114727579","https://openalex.org/W2141169867","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2166299388","https://openalex.org/W2171033594","https://openalex.org/W2293636166","https://openalex.org/W2346908176","https://openalex.org/W2389059357","https://openalex.org/W2471991522","https://openalex.org/W2500779354","https://openalex.org/W2560167313","https://openalex.org/W2622632592","https://openalex.org/W2698424090","https://openalex.org/W2744952291","https://openalex.org/W2768673981","https://openalex.org/W2769122466","https://openalex.org/W2769870052","https://openalex.org/W2791570353","https://openalex.org/W2794418686","https://openalex.org/W2810418258","https://openalex.org/W2811393347","https://openalex.org/W2811507150","https://openalex.org/W2884745705","https://openalex.org/W2887091102","https://openalex.org/W2947079737","https://openalex.org/W2995675646","https://openalex.org/W3005101161","https://openalex.org/W3014889875","https://openalex.org/W3021936813","https://openalex.org/W3026680453","https://openalex.org/W3045633938","https://openalex.org/W3047262368","https://openalex.org/W3087929000","https://openalex.org/W3119768801","https://openalex.org/W3126749900","https://openalex.org/W3162348899","https://openalex.org/W3168894019","https://openalex.org/W3174162783","https://openalex.org/W3208714607","https://openalex.org/W3208907564","https://openalex.org/W4210489980","https://openalex.org/W4214582711","https://openalex.org/W4220671023","https://openalex.org/W4220676516","https://openalex.org/W4225889297","https://openalex.org/W4285389497","https://openalex.org/W4311783148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414937912","https://openalex.org/W2793994056","https://openalex.org/W4220676516","https://openalex.org/W4405455785","https://openalex.org/W2085607944","https://openalex.org/W7169219895","https://openalex.org/W4415384962","https://openalex.org/W4306660554","https://openalex.org/W6898607405","https://openalex.org/W4387803404"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,12,44,86,134,141,151,175,184],"background":[2,45],"of":[3,17,41,46,52,73,88,94,101,138,154,177],"ongoing":[4],"climate":[5],"change,":[6],"it":[7],"is":[8,55,65,97,130],"important":[9],"to":[10,146],"monitor":[11],"spatial":[13,185],"and":[14,30,39,58,99,108,121,136,148,170,181,186],"temporal":[15,187],"changes":[16],"glacial":[18,31],"lakes":[19],"(GLs)":[20],"since":[21],"they":[22],"influence":[23],"snowmelt":[24],"runoff,":[25],"stream":[26],"discharge,":[27],"water":[28],"resources,":[29],"lake":[32],"outburst":[33],"flood":[34],"(GLOF).":[35],"However,":[36],"accurate":[37],"identification":[38,98,135],"mapping":[40,137],"GLs":[42,74,102,139,156,178],"in":[43,75,82,140,179,189],"snow-clad":[47],"mountains":[48],"through":[49,157],"visual":[50],"interpretation":[51],"satellite":[53,76],"data":[54],"a":[56],"tedious":[57],"challenging":[59],"assignment":[60],"when":[61],"multiyear":[62],"time-series":[63,158,162],"analysis":[64,110,163],"considered.":[66],"To":[67],"overcome":[68],"this":[69,83,95],"challenge,":[70],"automated":[71],"extraction":[72],"images":[77],"has":[78,173,182],"been":[79],"carried":[80],"out":[81],"study":[84,96],"with":[85],"help":[87],"machine":[89],"learning":[90],"(ML).":[91],"The":[92,128,160],"novelty":[93],"tracking":[100],"over":[103],"three":[104],"decades":[105],"using":[106,111,164],"ML":[107,168],"geospatial":[109,161],"pixel-based":[112],"image":[113],"classification.":[114],"For":[115],"this,":[116],"Random":[117],"Forest":[118],"Classifier":[119],"(RFC)":[120],"Artificial":[122],"Neural":[123],"Network":[124],"(ANN)":[125],"were":[126],"employed.":[127],"methodology":[129],"demonstrated":[131],"here":[132],"for":[133,149],"Sikkim":[142,180],"Himalaya":[143],"from":[144],"1987":[145],"2020":[147],"forecasting":[150],"possible":[152],"fate":[153],"these":[155],"modelling.":[159],"Google":[165],"Earth":[166],"Engine,":[167],"classifiers,":[169],"GIS":[171],"framework,":[172],"captured":[174],"dynamics":[176],"revealed":[183],"patterns":[188],"GLs\u2019":[190],"dimensions":[191],"as":[192,194],"well":[193],"GLOF":[195],"risk.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-12-13T00:00:00"}