{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389571982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of procedural justice and legitimacy in policing: the effect of social identity and social contexts","display_name":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of procedural justice and legitimacy in policing: the effect of social identity and social contexts","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389571982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19400458","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","issn_l":"1572-8315","issn":["1572-8315","1573-3750"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011161206","display_name":"Angus Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-3552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-3552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angus Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science, University College London, London, Shropshire House, 1-10 Capper Street, WC1E 6JA, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-3552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science, University College London, London, Shropshire House, 1-10 Capper Street, WC1E 6JA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054267996","display_name":"Ben Bradford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-5638","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-5638"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Bradford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science, University College London, London, Shropshire House, 1-10 Capper Street, WC1E 6JA, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-5638","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science, University College London, London, Shropshire House, 1-10 Capper Street, WC1E 6JA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073503607","display_name":"Clifford Stott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-3294","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-3294"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56007636","display_name":"Keele University","ror":"https://ror.org/00340yn33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56007636"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clifford Stott","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-3294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56007636"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011161206"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"fwci":10.1274,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98288973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"349","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-justice","display_name":"procedural justice","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-legitimacy","display_name":"police legitimacy","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-identity","display_name":"social identity","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policing","display_name":"policing","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"mediation","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"moderation","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developed-countries","display_name":"developed countries","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-trust-in-police","display_name":"public trust in police","score":0.6480000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779149496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442100","display_name":"Procedural justice","level":3,"score":0.901430606842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.8916289210319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98447023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540351","display_name":"Social identity theory","level":3,"score":0.6607006192207336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.6247037053108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.48720163106918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.45158204436302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42050057649612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.4102725684642792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3713147044181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3448742628097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.3081331253051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13754770159721375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.09003746509552002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19400458","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","issn_l":"1572-8315","issn":["1572-8315","1573-3750"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10181055","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10181055/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10181055/1/Bradford_s11292-023-09595-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology (2023) (In press).","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11292-023-09595-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19400458","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","issn_l":"1572-8315","issn":["1572-8315","1573-3750"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389571982.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389571982.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":193,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113663040","https://openalex.org/W168664125","https://openalex.org/W386986494","https://openalex.org/W751591711","https://openalex.org/W813295127","https://openalex.org/W943173248","https://openalex.org/W961101052","https://openalex.org/W1495078598","https://openalex.org/W1508215576","https://openalex.org/W1540525631","https://openalex.org/W1653124710","https://openalex.org/W1702480698","https://openalex.org/W1819011158","https://openalex.org/W1833020676","https://openalex.org/W1852090069","https://openalex.org/W1886723030","https://openalex.org/W1968522962","https://openalex.org/W1976025742","https://openalex.org/W1976650442","https://openalex.org/W1977103148","https://openalex.org/W1977489717","https://openalex.org/W1977953985","https://openalex.org/W1988974897","https://openalex.org/W1991829326","https://openalex.org/W1994248040","https://openalex.org/W2008247439","https://openalex.org/W2009260120","https://openalex.org/W2012047668","https://openalex.org/W2021593215","https://openalex.org/W2022924766","https://openalex.org/W2022960731","https://openalex.org/W2030418315","https://openalex.org/W2032497511","https://openalex.org/W2032504219","https://openalex.org/W2033585778","https://openalex.org/W2036756589","https://openalex.org/W2040162670","https://openalex.org/W2045111242","https://openalex.org/W2049671244","https://openalex.org/W2053617299","https://openalex.org/W2054992558","https://openalex.org/W2060290299","https://openalex.org/W2063228956","https://openalex.org/W2070227541","https://openalex.org/W2079172924","https://openalex.org/W2085715401","https://openalex.org/W2087419231","https://openalex.org/W2090772419","https://openalex.org/W2092031873","https://openalex.org/W2101558102","https://openalex.org/W2103784770","https://openalex.org/W2104657845","https://openalex.org/W2110122080","https://openalex.org/W2112915715","https://openalex.org/W2120667881","https://openalex.org/W2126930838","https://openalex.org/W2128717526","https://openalex.org/W2140887965","https://openalex.org/W2141498033","https://openalex.org/W2145507278","https://openalex.org/W2148545070","https://openalex.org/W2154449833","https://openalex.org/W2161525399","https://openalex.org/W2163573607","https://openalex.org/W2164385948","https://openalex.org/W2165850863","https://openalex.org/W2168204533","https://openalex.org/W2170413988","https://openalex.org/W2170726881","https://openalex.org/W2172252186","https://openalex.org/W2199854408","https://openalex.org/W2228774223","https://openalex.org/W2239309654","https://openalex.org/W2253468448","https://openalex.org/W2253961122","https://openalex.org/W2269015068","https://openalex.org/W2270967293","https://openalex.org/W2302196902","https://openalex.org/W2310133295","https://openalex.org/W2313179408","https://openalex.org/W2321312558","https://openalex.org/W2332623974","https://openalex.org/W2336450370","https://openalex.org/W2337975239","https://openalex.org/W2340184862","https://openalex.org/W2346943389","https://openalex.org/W2474759043","https://openalex.org/W2488952474","https://openalex.org/W2506324723","https://openalex.org/W2522114605","https://openalex.org/W2528510053","https://openalex.org/W2531671153","https://openalex.org/W2588118714","https://openalex.org/W2590070718","https://openalex.org/W2593388485","https://openalex.org/W2616427064","https://openalex.org/W2621157249","https://openalex.org/W2624792132","https://openalex.org/W2725464151","https://openalex.org/W2733220579","https://openalex.org/W2747814076","https://openalex.org/W2748965327","https://openalex.org/W2753376422","https://openalex.org/W2793157731","https://openalex.org/W2801983460","https://openalex.org/W2805139547","https://openalex.org/W2808114190","https://openalex.org/W2885966722","https://openalex.org/W2891119317","https://openalex.org/W2901072562","https://openalex.org/W2903341997","https://openalex.org/W2903654857","https://openalex.org/W2904097628","https://openalex.org/W2904160131","https://openalex.org/W2905251907","https://openalex.org/W2909424012","https://openalex.org/W2914634716","https://openalex.org/W2923341465","https://openalex.org/W2939066074","https://openalex.org/W2939167706","https://openalex.org/W2940989037","https://openalex.org/W2963020686","https://openalex.org/W2980601531","https://openalex.org/W2982397164","https://openalex.org/W2991909385","https://openalex.org/W2994204372","https://openalex.org/W2995616706","https://openalex.org/W2996040270","https://openalex.org/W3006190046","https://openalex.org/W3007007357","https://openalex.org/W3012397360","https://openalex.org/W3014299284","https://openalex.org/W3017392050","https://openalex.org/W3033308846","https://openalex.org/W3034790569","https://openalex.org/W3080435918","https://openalex.org/W3081630056","https://openalex.org/W3094282665","https://openalex.org/W3109680641","https://openalex.org/W3111148717","https://openalex.org/W3122053053","https://openalex.org/W3122862825","https://openalex.org/W3124082667","https://openalex.org/W3125200176","https://openalex.org/W3125741713","https://openalex.org/W3127010912","https://openalex.org/W3131296531","https://openalex.org/W3133661396","https://openalex.org/W3136574787","https://openalex.org/W3136681135","https://openalex.org/W3137511701","https://openalex.org/W3138339166","https://openalex.org/W3141103076","https://openalex.org/W3162870896","https://openalex.org/W3167794863","https://openalex.org/W3169303819","https://openalex.org/W3170299524","https://openalex.org/W3173180012","https://openalex.org/W3174220074","https://openalex.org/W3176846342","https://openalex.org/W3180919227","https://openalex.org/W3186490320","https://openalex.org/W3198328624","https://openalex.org/W3199017744","https://openalex.org/W3203867723","https://openalex.org/W3207428119","https://openalex.org/W4205214688","https://openalex.org/W4206672113","https://openalex.org/W4211199680","https://openalex.org/W4213019213","https://openalex.org/W4225155312","https://openalex.org/W4229369254","https://openalex.org/W4233277764","https://openalex.org/W4240484632","https://openalex.org/W4250200506","https://openalex.org/W4255270222","https://openalex.org/W4280608432","https://openalex.org/W4281478951","https://openalex.org/W4283209652","https://openalex.org/W4283265028","https://openalex.org/W4291017604","https://openalex.org/W4292745279","https://openalex.org/W4294204032","https://openalex.org/W4297882787","https://openalex.org/W4312618730","https://openalex.org/W4312924349","https://openalex.org/W4327580824","https://openalex.org/W4378389072","https://openalex.org/W4383620681","https://openalex.org/W6603658136","https://openalex.org/W6688484474","https://openalex.org/W6926204534","https://openalex.org/W7051959140"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6911242976","https://openalex.org/W1981652707","https://openalex.org/W3122053053","https://openalex.org/W2081104376","https://openalex.org/W3160711966","https://openalex.org/W2789490336","https://openalex.org/W2045111242","https://openalex.org/W3173180012","https://openalex.org/W7165885271","https://openalex.org/W3125741713"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Objectives":[1],"To":[2],"systematically":[3],"review":[4],"the":[5,14,35,80,123,134],"effect":[6],"of":[7,88,116,125,153],"social":[8,11,60,72,110,146],"identity":[9,61,73,111],"and":[10,19,40,47,59,85,91,118,140,148],"contexts":[12],"on":[13],"association":[15,81],"between":[16,37,82],"procedural":[17,38,57,83,99,126,138],"justice":[18,39,58,84,100,139],"legitimacy":[20,41,117,141],"in":[21,42,122,128],"policing.":[22,43,129],"Methods":[23],"A":[24],"meta-analysis":[25],"synthesising":[26],"data":[27],"from":[28,92],"123":[29],"studies":[30],"(N":[31],"=":[32],"200,966)":[33],"addressing":[34],"relationship":[36],"Random":[44],"effects":[45],"univariate":[46],"two-stage":[48],"structural":[49],"equation":[50],"modelling":[51],"meta-analyses":[52],"were":[53],"performed.":[54],"Results":[55],"Both":[56],"are":[62,142,156],"found":[63],"to":[64,97,136],"be":[65],"significantly":[66,74],"correlated":[67,143],"with":[68,102],"police":[69,103],"legitimacy.":[70,86,104],"Moreover,":[71],"mediates,":[75],"but":[76],"does":[77],"not":[78],"moderate,":[79],"People":[87],"younger":[89],"age":[90],"more":[93],"developed":[94],"countries":[95],"tend":[96],"correlate":[98],"stronger":[101],"Conclusion":[105],"This":[106],"study":[107],"demonstrates":[108],"that":[109,133],"is":[112],"an":[113],"important":[114],"antecedent":[115],"a":[119],"critical":[120],"factor":[121],"dynamics":[124],"fairness":[127],"It":[130],"also":[131],"shows":[132],"extent":[135],"which":[137],"varies":[144],"across":[145],"groups":[147],"contexts.":[149],"The":[150],"theoretical":[151],"implications":[152],"our":[154],"findings":[155],"discussed.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-10-19T09:35:57.686232","created_date":"2023-12-12T00:00:00"}
