{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389447643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","title":"Migraine-like Prodrome Preceding New Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) Due to Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) Encephalitis in a Child (1357)","display_name":"Migraine-like Prodrome Preceding New Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) Due to Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) Encephalitis in a Child (1357)","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389447643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79704628","display_name":"Neurology","issn_l":"0028-3878","issn":["0028-3878","1526-632X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018780195","display_name":"Ahmad Z. Mahadeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-6420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-6420"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Mahadeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Mellen Center, Neurological Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Mellen Center, Neurological Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081748001","display_name":"Carolyn H. Goldschmidt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0909-312X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0909-312X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carolyn Goldschmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Mellen Center, Neurological Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Mellen Center, Neurological Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067917661","display_name":"Deepak Lachhwani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-4553","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-4553"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Lachhwani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050829954","display_name":"Elia Pestana\u2010Knight","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-4167","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-4167"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elia Pestana-Knight","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065429553","display_name":"Ahsan Naduvil Valappil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahsan Naduvil Valappil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cleveland Clinic Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"96","issue":"15_supplement","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11627","display_name":"Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11627","display_name":"Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13201","display_name":"Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-nmda-receptor-encephalitis","display_name":"anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-onset-refractory-status-epilepticus","display_name":"new-onset refractory status epilepticus","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-aura","display_name":"visual aura","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/headache","display_name":"headache","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-encephalitis","display_name":"autoimmune encephalitis","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-autoimmune-encephalitis","display_name":"pediatric autoimmune encephalitis","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atypical-presentation","display_name":"atypical presentation","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasmapheresis","display_name":"plasmapheresis","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotherapy","display_name":"immunotherapy","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encephalopathy","display_name":"encephalopathy","score":0.6710000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780292510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140331","display_name":"Prodrome","level":3,"score":0.9114758968353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780211071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574719","display_name":"Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis","level":4,"score":0.6728739142417908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778541695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133823","display_name":"Migraine","level":2,"score":0.626781165599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6234659552574158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777341932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980709","display_name":"Status epilepticus","level":3,"score":0.5555331707000732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67018056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414896","display_name":"NMDA receptor","level":3,"score":0.5263025760650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.48768150806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142424586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307572","display_name":"Refractory (planetary science)","level":2,"score":0.4747203588485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.33510878682136536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.30261486768722534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.2853772044181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20164906978607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170082","display_name":"Psychosis","level":2,"score":0.1808842122554779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10289302468299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.96.15_supplement.1357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79704628","display_name":"Neurology","issn_l":"0028-3878","issn":["0028-3878","1526-632X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report","display_name":"Case Report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312066560","https://openalex.org/W6912420732","https://openalex.org/W3217084971","https://openalex.org/W2033164930","https://openalex.org/W2989677546","https://openalex.org/W2264487181","https://openalex.org/W3115567547","https://openalex.org/W7130605865","https://openalex.org/W1964965699","https://openalex.org/W2732295977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"NA":[1,41],"Background:":[2],"Clinical":[3,327],"presentation":[4,263],"of":[5,19,38,57,105,108,192,238,256,264,286,293,318],"Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate":[6],"receptor":[7],"(NMDAR)":[8],"encephalitis":[9,28,269,299],"can":[10],"be":[11],"atypical":[12,262],"in":[13,33,73,86,280,300],"children.":[14],"We":[15,259],"report":[16,260],"a":[17,236],"case":[18],"new-onset":[20],"refractory":[21,221],"status":[22,222],"epilepticus":[23],"(NORSE)":[24],"due":[25,93,266],"to":[26,49,94,267,308,314,334,341],"anti-NMDAR":[27,268],"presenting":[29],"with":[30,54,60,139,168,227,270],"migraine-like":[31],"features":[32],"the":[34,50,74,87,109,281,290],"initial":[35,282],"2":[36,283],"weeks":[37,172,253],"illness.":[39,257],"Design/Methods:":[40],"Results:":[42],"A":[43],"previously":[44],"healthy":[45],"12-year-old":[46],"boy":[47],"presented":[48],"emergency":[51],"department":[52],"(ED)":[53],"2-week":[55],"history":[56],"recurrent":[58],"headache":[59,96,140,148,274],"blurred":[61],"vision,":[62],"flashing":[63],"lights,":[64],"and":[65,76,81,97,112,119,141,155,181,233,245,273],"seeing":[66],"diamond":[67],"shapes.":[68],"He":[69,90,215],"had":[70],"been":[71],"seen":[72],"ED":[75],"neurology":[77],"clinic":[78],"for":[79,84,210,219,297],"this":[80,301],"received":[82,225,322],"treatment":[83,218],"migraine":[85],"preceding":[88],"days.":[89],"was":[91,163,213],"hospitalized":[92],"persistent":[95],"visual":[98,271],"symptoms;":[99],"he":[100,249],"also":[101],"developed":[102],"new":[103],"symptoms":[104,279,294],"intermittent":[106],"numbness":[107],"left":[110],"hand":[111],"face.":[113],"His":[114],"neurological":[115],"examination,":[116],"brain":[117],"MRI":[118],"routine":[120],"20":[121],"minute":[122],"EEG":[123,129,135],"were":[124,185],"normal.":[125],"Continuous":[126],"bedside":[127],"video":[128],"revealed":[130],"multiple":[131],"bilateral":[132,203],"independent":[133],"parietal-occipital":[134],"seizures,":[136],"many":[137],"manifesting":[138],"irritability.":[142],"CSF":[143,160],"obtained":[144],"18":[145],"days":[146],"from":[147,173,325],"onset":[149,175,255],"showed":[150,202],"lymphocytic":[151],"pleocytosis":[152],"(136":[153],"WBCs/uL),":[154],"elevated":[156],"protein":[157],"(115":[158],"mg/dL).":[159],"NMDAR":[161,179],"antibody":[162],"positive":[164],"at":[165,176],"1:1":[166],"titer,":[167],"repeat":[169],"titers":[170],"10":[171,239],"symptom":[174],"1:80.":[177],"Serum":[178],"antibodies":[180],"other":[182],"common":[183],"autoantibodies":[184],"negative.":[186,214],"Seizures":[187],"became":[188],"frequent":[189],"despite":[190],"trial":[191],"4":[193],"anti-seizure":[194],"medications,":[195,248],"requiring":[196],"medication":[197],"induced":[198],"coma.":[199],"Brain":[200],"PET":[201],"asymmetric":[204],"mesial":[205],"temporal":[206],"hyper":[207],"metabolism.":[208],"Screening":[209],"occult":[211],"malignancy":[212],"required":[216],"prolonged":[217],"super":[220],"epilepticus.":[223],"Patient":[224],"immunotherapy":[226],"plasmapheresis,":[228],"steroids,":[229],"IVIG,":[230],"rituximab,":[231],"cyclophosphamide,":[232],"tocilizumab":[234],"over":[235],"course":[237],"weeks.":[240,284],"Despite":[241],"attaining":[242],"seizure":[243],"control":[244],"weaning":[246],"sedative":[247],"remained":[250],"encephalopathic,":[251],"12":[252],"after":[254],"Conclusions:":[258],"an":[261],"NORSE":[265],"auras":[272],"without":[275],"behavioral":[276],"or":[277],"cognitive":[278],"Recognition":[285],"parieto-occipital":[287],"seizures":[288],"as":[289],"likely":[291],"cause":[292],"prompted":[295],"workup":[296],"autoimmune":[298],"patient.":[302],"Disclosure:":[303],"Dr.":[304,310,319,336],"Mahadeen":[305],"has":[306,312,321,332,339],"nothing":[307,313,333,340],"disclose.":[309,315,335,342],"Goldschmidt":[311],"The":[316],"institution":[317],"Lachhwani":[320],"research":[323],"support":[324],"ICON":[326],"Research":[328],"LLC.":[329],"Elia":[330],"Pestana-Knight":[331],"Naduvil":[337],"Valappil":[338]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2023-12-08T00:00:00"}
