{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389033341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","title":"Design of a Social Marketing Plan on Salt Reduction for the Control and Treatment of Noncommunicable Diseases in Costa Rica","display_name":"Design of a Social Marketing Plan on Salt Reduction for the Control and Treatment of Noncommunicable Diseases in Costa Rica","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389033341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=129337","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764451103","display_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","issn_l":"2157-944X","issn":["2157-944X","2157-9458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=129337","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031416890","display_name":"Adriana Blanco\u2010Metzler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-7023","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-7023"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104955","display_name":"Instituto Costarricense de Investigaci\u00f3n y Ense\u00f1anza en Nutrici\u00f3n y Salud","ror":"https://ror.org/01jbsjf80","country_code":"CR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104955"]}],"countries":["CR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriana Blanco-Metzler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Health and Nutrition, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health, Tres Rios, Costa Rica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Health and Nutrition, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health, Tres Rios, Costa Rica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028069337","display_name":"Hilda Patricia N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Rivas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104955","display_name":"Instituto Costarricense de Investigaci\u00f3n y Ense\u00f1anza en Nutrici\u00f3n y Salud","ror":"https://ror.org/01jbsjf80","country_code":"CR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104955"]}],"countries":["CR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hilda Patricia Nu\u00f1ez-Rivas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Health and Nutrition, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health, Tres Rios, Costa Rica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Health and Nutrition, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health, Tres Rios, Costa Rica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015032066","display_name":"Marlene Rosell\u00f3-Araya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7452-7679","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7452-7679"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104955","display_name":"Instituto Costarricense de Investigaci\u00f3n y Ense\u00f1anza en Nutrici\u00f3n y Salud","ror":"https://ror.org/01jbsjf80","country_code":"CR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104955"]}],"countries":["CR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marlene Rosell\u00f3-Araya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Health and Nutrition, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health, Tres Rios, Costa Rica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Health and Nutrition, Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health, Tres Rios, Costa Rica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005797795","display_name":"Karol Madriz-Morales","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108182","display_name":"Ministerio de Salud","ror":"https://ror.org/01j5rta38","country_code":"CR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108182"]}],"countries":["CR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karol Madriz-Morales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n y Tecnolog\u00edas en Salud, Ministerio de Salud, San Jos\u00e9, Costa Rica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direcci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n y Tecnolog\u00edas en Salud, Ministerio de Salud, San Jos\u00e9, Costa Rica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030140905","display_name":"Karla Benavides-Aguilar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karla Benavides-Aguilar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, Tres Rios, Costa Rica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, Tres Rios, Costa Rica","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093343988","display_name":"Marco Castro-Araya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108182","display_name":"Ministerio de Salud","ror":"https://ror.org/01j5rta38","country_code":"CR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108182"]}],"countries":["CR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Castro-Araya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Direcci\u00f3n de Atenci\u00f3n al Cliente, Ministerio de Salud, San Jos\u00e9, Costa Rica"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direcci\u00f3n de Atenci\u00f3n al Cliente, Ministerio de Salud, San Jos\u00e9, Costa Rica","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3062,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49926403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"1057","last_page":"1077"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12075","display_name":"Sodium Intake and Health","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12075","display_name":"Sodium Intake and Health","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12816","display_name":"Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-reduction","display_name":"salt reduction","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-intake","display_name":"sodium intake","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-marketing","display_name":"social marketing","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-communicable-diseases","display_name":"non-communicable diseases","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-seasonings","display_name":"natural seasonings","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing-mix","display_name":"marketing mix","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-promotion","display_name":"health promotion","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-promoters","display_name":"health promoters","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/costa-rica","display_name":"Costa Rica","score":0.5339999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777754422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17081927","display_name":"Social marketing","level":2,"score":0.7745575904846191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5681378245353699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5189699530601501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5180506706237793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5004386901855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4849146008491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.47297990322113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4450306296348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.422860711812973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777321440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5465497","display_name":"Food marketing","level":2,"score":0.4187050461769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4171156585216522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3933599889278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.2017468810081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17567530274391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11261209845542908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0962950587272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=129337","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764451103","display_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","issn_l":"2157-944X","issn":["2157-944X","2157-9458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2023.1411067","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=129337","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764451103","display_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","issn_l":"2157-944X","issn":["2157-944X","2157-9458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Food and Nutrition Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1060921146","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"106888","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319949","funder_display_name":"International Development Research Centre"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4335722352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319949","funder_display_name":"International Development Research Centre"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310847","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319949","display_name":"International Development Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/0445x0472"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389033341.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389033341.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W597522751","https://openalex.org/W2024697308","https://openalex.org/W2097287053","https://openalex.org/W2148497350","https://openalex.org/W2755321138","https://openalex.org/W2901869601","https://openalex.org/W2903906078","https://openalex.org/W2928467655","https://openalex.org/W2972623995","https://openalex.org/W2984265948","https://openalex.org/W3005813910","https://openalex.org/W3034087947","https://openalex.org/W3120573899","https://openalex.org/W3127394059","https://openalex.org/W4206108256","https://openalex.org/W4289942896","https://openalex.org/W4377139358","https://openalex.org/W6678894164"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415503867","https://openalex.org/W2152166128","https://openalex.org/W4318269701","https://openalex.org/W3034087947","https://openalex.org/W4221120576","https://openalex.org/W3125146646","https://openalex.org/W7154889750","https://openalex.org/W1770688423","https://openalex.org/W4402191832","https://openalex.org/W4377139358"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"blood":[1],"pressure":[2],"and":[3,36,92,114,116,150,182,196,201,212,225,248,299,305,309],"other":[4],"non-communicable":[5],"diseases":[6],"associated":[7,95,311],"with":[8,190,296],"excessive":[9],"salt/sodium":[10,80],"consumption":[11,81,158,271],"represent":[12],"a":[13,25,43,56,64,107,187,270,285,293],"major":[14],"challenge":[15],"to":[16,38,70,131,253,262,288,300,302],"the":[17,20,61,83,90,110,124,136,146,151,175,208,219,222,226,229,240,254,257,265,290,303],"health":[18,243],"of":[19,42,63,79,86,94,106,210,221,232,256,276,292,307],"world\u2019s":[21],"population.":[22],"Consumption":[23],"is":[24,29,48,69,180,183,218,228,236,284],"human":[26],"behavior":[27],"that":[28,238,272],"usually":[30],"influenced":[31],"by":[32,55,123,145],"significant":[33],"factors,":[34],"internal":[35],"external":[37],"people.":[39],"The":[40,50,97,127,177,214],"design":[41,132],"national":[44,57,147,258],"social":[45,111,152,259],"marketing":[46,112,153,168,178,260],"intervention":[47,134],"described.":[49],"whole":[51],"process":[52,98],"was":[53,120],"developed":[54,122],"interdisciplinary":[58],"team":[59,149],"over":[60],"course":[62],"decade":[65],"(2011-2022).":[66],"Its":[67],"purpose":[68],"promote":[71],"changes":[72],"in":[73,82,139,160,205,207,239,264],"this":[74,133,233],"behavior,":[75],"through":[76],"gradual":[77],"reduction":[78,159],"target":[84],"populations":[85],"Costa":[87],"Rica,":[88],"for":[89,109,156,173],"prevention":[91,304],"control":[93],"diseases.":[96,312],"includes":[99],"four":[100],"phases:":[101],"research,":[102],"situation":[103],"analysis,":[104],"creation":[105],"proposal":[108],"strategy,":[113],"implementation":[115,255],"evaluation.":[117],"Last":[118],"phase":[119],"not":[121],"research":[125,166],"team.":[126],"main":[128],"inputs":[129],"used":[130],"were":[135,171],"data":[137],"generated":[138],"three":[140],"qualitative":[141],"researchers":[142],"carried":[143],"out":[144],"work":[148],"regional":[154],"plan":[155,283],"salt":[157,200,277],"Latin":[161],"America.":[162],"By":[163],"analyzing":[164],"these":[165],"data,":[167],"mix":[169],"components":[170],"determined":[172],"designing":[174],"intervention.":[176],"strategy":[179],"promotional":[181],"based":[184],"on":[185],"encouraging":[186],"natural":[188,194,294],"diet":[189,295],"less":[191,198,297],"sodium":[192,298],"using":[193],"seasonings":[195],"adding":[197],"discretional":[199],"industrialized":[202],"products":[203],"high":[204],"sodium,":[206],"preparation":[209],"food":[211],"dishes.":[213],"primary":[215],"key":[216],"audience":[217],"mother":[220],"school-aged":[223],"child,":[224],"secondary":[227],"adult":[230],"caregivers":[231],"child.":[234],"It":[235],"expected":[237],"short":[241],"term,":[242,269],"promoters":[244],"from":[245],"different":[246],"government":[247],"non-state":[249],"sectors":[250],"will":[251],"contribute":[252,301],"plan,":[261],"achieve,":[263],"medium":[266],"or":[267],"long":[268],"approaches":[273],"five":[274],"grams":[275],"per":[278,280],"person":[279],"day.":[281],"This":[282],"country":[286],"initiative":[287],"position":[289],"value":[291],"treatment":[306],"HT":[308],"NCD":[310]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-11-27T00:00:00"}