{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388973077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","title":"IoV-Fog-Assisted Framework for Accident Detection and Classification","display_name":"IoV-Fog-Assisted Framework for Accident Detection and Classification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388973077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3633805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633805","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633805","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030267306","display_name":"Navin Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-2865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-2865"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165682329","display_name":"Guru Nanak Dev University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghzpa93","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165682329"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navin Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University","Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-2865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165682329"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165682329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012682751","display_name":"Sandeep K. Sood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8196-5503","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8196-5503"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107052","display_name":"Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/012ang229","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107052","https://openalex.org/I4210151455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120810","display_name":"National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02xqkcw08","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131302","display_name":"National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03bqt8z64","country_code":"NO","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131302"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91277730","display_name":"Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vtd268","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91277730"]}],"countries":["BR","IN","JP","NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandeep K. Sood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology","Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8196-5503","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107052","https://openalex.org/I4210120810","https://openalex.org/I4210131302"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Applications, National Institute of Technology, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91277730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025967090","display_name":"Munish Saini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-2591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-2591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165682329","display_name":"Guru Nanak Dev University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ghzpa93","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165682329"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Munish Saini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University","Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-2591","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165682329"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165682329"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9641,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72514274,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12406","display_name":"IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12406","display_name":"IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.006200000178068876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accident-detection","display_name":"accident detection","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accident-classification","display_name":"accident classification","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-vehicles","display_name":"Internet of Vehicles","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-fog-computing","display_name":"vehicular fog computing","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-networks","display_name":"vehicular ad hoc networks","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mems-accelerometer","display_name":"MEMS accelerometer","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-severity","display_name":"collision severity","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arduino","display_name":"Arduino","score":0.33899998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8618302345275879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5455042123794556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.48802462220191956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.48609066009521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.48236221075057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4520544409751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4351730942726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190793597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189768","display_name":"Application layer","level":3,"score":0.43329286575317383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4201086163520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4097544252872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34945380687713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34745126962661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.3185000419616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.25474244356155396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1107044517993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3633805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633805","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3633805","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3633805","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3633805","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5142999887466431}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388973077.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388973077.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089468765","https://openalex.org/W2126288068","https://openalex.org/W2166028065","https://openalex.org/W2605270919","https://openalex.org/W2606192207","https://openalex.org/W2613334841","https://openalex.org/W2896958610","https://openalex.org/W2908584258","https://openalex.org/W2909507558","https://openalex.org/W2919271109","https://openalex.org/W2941647785","https://openalex.org/W2993799773","https://openalex.org/W3038779645","https://openalex.org/W3080671748","https://openalex.org/W3083101909","https://openalex.org/W3086089451","https://openalex.org/W3088291765","https://openalex.org/W3092478740","https://openalex.org/W3107058614","https://openalex.org/W3114470270","https://openalex.org/W3133565860","https://openalex.org/W3143738874","https://openalex.org/W3158773791","https://openalex.org/W3162974337","https://openalex.org/W3195279647","https://openalex.org/W3202996946","https://openalex.org/W4210743106","https://openalex.org/W4283079207","https://openalex.org/W4290635789"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7116797231","https://openalex.org/W7119089645","https://openalex.org/W2979910211","https://openalex.org/W7137925449","https://openalex.org/W4280537814","https://openalex.org/W6930904604","https://openalex.org/W2807258775","https://openalex.org/W4391483642","https://openalex.org/W3043381437","https://openalex.org/W3082057014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22,103,141,192],"evolution":[1],"of":[2,12,24,27,71,198],"vehicular":[3],"research":[4],"into":[5],"an":[6,95,100,196],"effectuating":[7],"area":[8],"like":[9],"the":[10,25,52,69,72,81,119,135,144,165,182],"Internet":[11,26],"Vehicles":[13],"(IoV)":[14],"was":[15],"verified":[16],"by":[17,138],"technical":[18],"developments":[19],"in":[20,188],"hardware.":[21],"integration":[23],"Things":[28],"(IoT)":[29],"and":[30,94,109,133,156,179,200,204],"Vehicular":[31],"Ad-hoc":[32],"Networks":[33],"(VANET)":[34],"has":[35],"significantly":[36],"impacted":[37],"addressing":[38],"various":[39],"problems,":[40],"from":[41],"dangerous":[42],"situations":[43],"to":[44,65,130],"finding":[45],"practical":[46],"solutions.":[47],"During":[48],"a":[49,77,87],"catastrophic":[50],"collision,":[51],"vehicle":[53],"experiences":[54],"extreme":[55],"turbulence,":[56],"which":[57],"may":[58],"be":[59,186],"captured":[60],"using":[61,161],"Micro-Electromechanical":[62],"systems":[63],"(MEMS)":[64],"yield":[66],"signatures":[67],"characterizing":[68],"severity":[70],"accident.":[73],"This":[74],"study":[75],"presents":[76],"three-layer":[78],"design,":[79],"with":[80,164],"data":[82,107],"collecting":[83],"layer":[84,105,122],"relying":[85],"on":[86,99],"low-power":[88],"IoT":[89],"configuration":[90],"that":[91],"includes":[92],"GPS":[93],"MPU":[96],"6050":[97],"placed":[98],"Arduino":[101],"Mega.":[102],"fog":[104],"oversees":[106],"pre-processing":[108],"other":[110],"low-level":[111],"computing":[112,117],"operations.":[113],"With":[114],"its":[115],"extensive":[116],"capabilities,":[118],"farthest":[120],"cloud":[121],"carries":[123],"out":[124],"Multidimensional":[125],"Dynamic":[126],"Time":[127],"Warping":[128],"(MDTW)":[129],"identify":[131],"accidents":[132,174],"maintains":[134],"information":[136],"repository":[137],"updating":[139],"it.":[140],"experimentation":[142],"compared":[143],"state-of-the-art":[145],"algorithms":[146],"such":[147],"as":[148],"Support":[149],"Vector":[150],"Machine":[151],"(SVM),":[152],"K-Nearest":[153],"Neighbor":[154],"(KNN),":[155],"Random":[157],"Forest":[158],"Tree":[159],"(RFT)":[160],"threshold-based":[162],"detection":[163],"proposed":[166,193],"MDTW":[167],"clustering":[168],"approach.":[169],"Data":[170],"collection":[171],"involves":[172],"simulating":[173],"via":[175],"VirtualCrash":[176],"for":[177,202],"training":[178],"testing,":[180],"whereas":[181],"IoV":[183],"circuitry":[184],"would":[185],"utilized":[187],"actual":[189],"real-life":[190],"scenarios.":[191],"approach":[194],"achieved":[195],"F1-score":[197],"0.8921":[199],"0.8184":[201],"rear":[203],"head-on":[205],"collisions.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2023-11-25T00:00:00"}