{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388961670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","title":"Accounting for carbon","display_name":"Accounting for carbon","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388961670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191553","display_name":"Journal of Law Finance and Accounting","issn_l":"2380-5005","issn":["2380-5005","2380-5013"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318575","host_organization_name":"Now Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318575","https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Now Publishers","Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Law, Finance and Accounting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4721974","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024814088","display_name":"Stephen H. Penman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2435-5119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2435-5119","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7539-5137"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71209653","display_name":"Bocconi University","ror":"https://ror.org/05crjpb27","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71209653"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Penman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia Business School , New York City, ,","Bocconi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia Business School , New York City, ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bocconi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71209653"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024814088"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71209653","https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.7056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98608834,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"112","last_page":"136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13509","display_name":"Accounting and Financial Management","score":0.7250999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13509","display_name":"Accounting and Financial Management","score":0.7250999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13366","display_name":"Accounting Theory and Financial Reporting","score":0.13779999315738678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.10499999672174454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-accounting","display_name":"carbon accounting","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide-removal","display_name":"carbon dioxide removal","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/responsibility-accounting","display_name":"responsibility accounting","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-emissions","display_name":"CO2 emissions","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability-reporting","display_name":"sustainability reporting","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-statement-analysis","display_name":"financial statement analysis","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183206440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46834","display_name":"Balance sheet","level":2,"score":0.7908461093902588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781420532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140182","display_name":"Carbon accounting","level":3,"score":0.7555924654006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.7268486022949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780015409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243460","display_name":"Income statement","level":3,"score":0.6569951176643372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138262166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570938","display_name":"Net income","level":2,"score":0.5782970190048218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98014903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832161","display_name":"Financial ratio","level":2,"score":0.5758684873580933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5576090812683105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71199308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990807","display_name":"Accounting management","level":3,"score":0.5393332242965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163867264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4672792","display_name":"Accounting information system","level":2,"score":0.536584198474884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5299968123435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050847","display_name":"Consolidation (business)","level":2,"score":0.503393828868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190832808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900567","display_name":"Mark-to-market accounting","level":4,"score":0.4824676811695099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140060971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449753","display_name":"Financial statement analysis","level":3,"score":0.46581318974494934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544937707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q949180","display_name":"Financial accounting","level":3,"score":0.46285831928253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128769094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779838","display_name":"Accounting standard","level":4,"score":0.4460962116718292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781027943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192907","display_name":"Financial statement","level":3,"score":0.4249271750450134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.35092952847480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.3117449879646301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.30944499373435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.1526709496974945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jlfa-02-2025-0013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191553","display_name":"Journal of Law Finance and Accounting","issn_l":"2380-5005","issn":["2380-5005","2380-5013"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318575","host_organization_name":"Now Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318575","https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Now Publishers","Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Law, Finance and Accounting","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4721974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4721974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4721974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"doi:10.52843/cassyni.rwlst4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52843/cassyni.rwlst4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.52843/cassyni.rwlst4","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.4721974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4721974","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4721974","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2759065603","https://openalex.org/W3121370091","https://openalex.org/W3123217383","https://openalex.org/W4224294355","https://openalex.org/W4225749384","https://openalex.org/W4312346367","https://openalex.org/W4379261092","https://openalex.org/W4384935475","https://openalex.org/W4386127006","https://openalex.org/W4390120256","https://openalex.org/W4400739794","https://openalex.org/W4403660470","https://openalex.org/W4404026655","https://openalex.org/W4405464665","https://openalex.org/W4410822984","https://openalex.org/W4410823664","https://openalex.org/W4413946443","https://openalex.org/W4415643144","https://openalex.org/W6902613621","https://openalex.org/W7118702456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413946443","https://openalex.org/W4410823664","https://openalex.org/W4407936854","https://openalex.org/W7171671709","https://openalex.org/W4399667042","https://openalex.org/W2371687881","https://openalex.org/W4376857557","https://openalex.org/W4400739794","https://openalex.org/W4400269073","https://openalex.org/W4409759170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16,125],"paper":[1],"designs":[2],"an":[3,9,31,50,96,168],"accounting":[4,17,79,126,130,155],"for":[5,46,100,145],"carbon":[6,12,41,47,72,105,120,147],"that":[7,106,131,174],"reports":[8],"entity\u2019s":[10,51],"net":[11,52,91,180],"contribution":[13],"to":[14,44,103,167,176,195],"society.":[15],"is":[18,127],"in":[19,39,54,65,119,183],"the":[20,35,57,78,84,88,114,177,184],"same":[21],"form":[22,185],"as":[23,69,159],"financial":[24,150,171,187,193],"accounting,":[25,151,188],"reporting":[26,49,60,135],"a":[27,70,75,128,141],"balance":[28,36,76],"sheet":[29],"and":[30,122,136,139,198],"income":[32],"statement.":[33],"In":[34],"sheet,":[37,77],"assets":[38],"reducing":[40],"are":[42,107],"compared":[43],"liabilities":[45],"admissions,":[48],"position":[53],"carbon,":[55],"with":[56,113,192],"accumulated":[58],"difference":[59],"its":[61,123],"progress":[62],"over":[63],"time":[64],"reaching":[66],"goals":[67],"such":[68,158],"net-zero":[71],"promise.":[73],"With":[74],"provides":[80],"more":[81,200],"information":[82],"than":[83],"standard":[85],"flow":[86],"number,":[87],"current":[89,101],"period\u2019s":[90],"emissions.":[92,181],"By":[93],"recognizing":[94],"assets,":[95],"entity":[97],"gets":[98,175],"credit":[99],"efforts":[102],"reduce":[104],"realized":[108],"only":[109],"later,":[110],"thus":[111],"dealing":[112],"timing":[115],"problem":[116],"between":[117],"investing":[118],"removal":[121],"effect.":[124],"responsibility":[129],"has":[132],"many":[133],"attractive":[134],"incentive":[137],"features":[138],"enables":[140],"pro":[142],"forma":[143],"analysis":[144,169,173],"evaluating":[146],"strategies.":[148],"Like":[149],"it":[152,189],"facilitates":[153,190],"consolidation":[154],"across":[156],"groups":[157],"industries":[160],"or":[161],"divisions":[162],"within":[163],"firms.":[164],"It":[165],"leads":[166],"like":[170],"statement":[172],"drivers":[178],"of":[179,186],"Being":[182],"comparisons":[191],"metrics":[194],"evaluate":[196],"trade-offs":[197],"\u201csustainability\"":[199],"generally.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2023-11-24T00:00:00"}
