{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388839738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","title":"Increased cardiovascular mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: do not neglect causality","display_name":"Increased cardiovascular mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: do not neglect causality","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388839738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38089856","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10711536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ehjopen/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119/53522730/oead119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237792","display_name":"European Heart Journal Open","issn_l":"2752-4191","issn":["2752-4191"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ehjopen/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119/53522730/oead119.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033321638","display_name":"Bente Lise Halvorsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-6485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-6485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bente Halvorsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008853144","display_name":"P\u00e5l Aukrust","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-836X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-836X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-6221"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P\u00e5l Aukrust","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085867520","display_name":"Tuva  B\u00f8rresdatter Dahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-9411","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-9411"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuva B\u00f8rresdatter Dahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017527520","display_name":"Ida Gregersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-9187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-9187","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9500-0518"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ida Gregersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-9187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Sogsvannveien 20, 0372 Oslo , Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175","https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017527520"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175","https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"apc_list":{"value":2145,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2320},"apc_paid":{"value":2145,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2320},"fwci":1.235,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78539204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"6","first_page":"oead119","last_page":"oead119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.7728999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.7728999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11296","display_name":"COVID-19 and healthcare impacts","score":0.19020000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-mortality","display_name":"cardiovascular mortality","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/myocarditis","display_name":"myocarditis","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-dysfunction","display_name":"endothelial dysfunction","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombosis","display_name":"thrombosis","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypercoagulability","display_name":"hypercoagulability","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lockdown","display_name":"lockdown","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/st-elevation-myocardial-infarction","display_name":"ST-elevation myocardial infarction","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excess-mortality","display_name":"excess mortality","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norway","display_name":"Norway","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/europe","display_name":"Europe","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-burden","display_name":"healthcare burden","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/years-of-life-lost","display_name":"years of life lost","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.8183205127716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.8042043447494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7465697526931763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.6206456422805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776289891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931511","display_name":"Neglect","level":2,"score":0.5870410203933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.5706385970115662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16532287","display_name":"Betacoronavirus","level":5,"score":0.45578378438949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4517672061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.36408352851867676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.14937400817871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.14652365446090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.14392757415771484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0983954668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.08868339657783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ehjopen/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119/53522730/oead119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237792","display_name":"European Heart Journal Open","issn_l":"2752-4191","issn":["2752-4191"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10711536","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10711536","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10711536/pdf/oead119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur Heart J Open","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:38089856","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38089856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European heart journal open","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ehjopen/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ehjopen/oead119/53522730/oead119.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237792","display_name":"European Heart Journal Open","issn_l":"2752-4191","issn":["2752-4191"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2706880094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335102","funder_display_name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4954143753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335102","funder_display_name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335102","display_name":"Helse S\u00f8r-\u00d8st RHF","ror":"https://ror.org/02qx2s478"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388839738.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388839738.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210511145","https://openalex.org/W4321460435","https://openalex.org/W4379615428","https://openalex.org/W6853938387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3117225496","https://openalex.org/W3133149320","https://openalex.org/W4378554229","https://openalex.org/W3133582549","https://openalex.org/W3133138583","https://openalex.org/W3184500486","https://openalex.org/W3120038676","https://openalex.org/W4289317534","https://openalex.org/W3194837520","https://openalex.org/W3099115746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,89,299,481,512],"read":[1],"with":[2,36,188,218,333,363,528,764],"great":[3],"interest":[4],"the":[5,48,52,91,104,108,116,139,145,167,175,180,189,224,238,248,306,315,321,351,390,428,492,541,615,622,628,642,671,691,700,714,722,734],"paper":[6],"by":[7,278,381,417,709,726],"Lunardi":[8,193,279,710],"et":[9,194,280,711],"al.,1":[10],"describing":[11],"negative":[12],"long-term":[13],"effects":[14,328],"on":[15,70,107,296,487],"survival":[16],"and":[17,43,64,74,76,86,102,111,124,161,182,234,252,326,344,395,402,442,461,466,482,497,508,553,563,573,603,619,659,675,685,728,739,747,775],"quality":[18],"of":[19,51,67,113,179,214,240,247,287,294,305,311,389,430,457,547,576,599,630,641,656,673,693,702],"life":[20,114],"after":[21,450,591,650],"STEMI,":[22],"due":[23,198,386],"to":[24,93,98,118,199,210,290,387,409,447,475,637,686,720,744,760],"reduced":[25,200,273,703],"cardiovascular":[26,49,71,153,172,241,317,342,376,410,463,472,564,623,694,704,748],"health":[27,705],"care":[28],"during":[29,320],"COVID-19":[30,53,140,190,295,322,426,496,529,583,689],"lockdown.":[31],"This":[32,366],"falls":[33],"in":[34,84,115,131,152,157,159,166,258,361,372,502,531,550,607,648,667,750],"line":[35],"similar":[37],"reports":[38],"from":[39,121,133,347],"many":[40,59,122,246,729],"different":[41,432],"countries":[42],"highlights":[44],"important":[45,270,742],"mechanisms":[46,313,490,562,736],"behind":[47],"consequences":[50],"pandemic.":[54,225,323],"There":[55,226],"are,":[56],"however,":[57,566],"also":[58,169,284],"studies":[60],"suggesting":[61],"a":[62,204,221,229,291,303,418,478,520,545,638],"direct":[63,325],"causal":[65,292,413,493],"effect":[66,293],"SARS-CoV-2":[68,335,382],"infection":[69,336],"disease":[72,473],"(CVD)":[73],"death,":[75,565],"we":[77,698],"believe":[78,300],"this":[79,95,654],"causality":[80,724],"has":[81,369],"been":[82,370],"overlooked":[83],"Norway":[85,158,768],"European":[87],"countries.":[88],"emphasize":[90],"need":[92],"explore":[94],"relationship":[96,231],"further,":[97],"prevent":[99,745],"excess":[100,171],"CVD":[101,134,233,274,297,548,746],"reduce":[103],"future":[105],"burden":[106],"healthcare":[109,421],"systems":[110],"loss":[112],"years":[117,178],"come.":[119],"Reports":[120],"countries,":[123],"across":[125],"continents,":[126],"have":[127,484],"shown":[128],"an":[129,150,212,269,339,574],"increase":[130,151],"deaths":[132],"since":[135,148],"March":[136],"2020,":[137],"when":[138],"pandemic":[141,181],"hit":[142],"globally.":[143],"For":[144],"first":[146,176],"time":[147],"1995,":[149],"mortality":[154,242,318,354,530],"was":[155,356],"seen":[156],"2021":[160],"2022.":[162],"A":[163,412],"study":[164],"conducted":[165],"USA":[168],"revealed":[170],"death":[173,191,749],"throughout":[174],"2":[177],"that":[183,268,350,425,515,582,627],"these":[184,561],"waves":[185],"virtually":[186],"coincide":[187],"waves.":[192],"al.1":[195,281],"illustrate":[196],"that,":[197],"treatment,":[201,275],"patients":[202,362,584],"having":[203,220],"STEMI":[205,222],"under":[206],"lockdown":[207],"were":[208,454],"predicted":[209],"lose":[211],"average":[213],"1.55\u20132.03":[215],"life-years":[216],"compared":[217],"someone":[219],"before":[223],"is":[227,265,272,302,378,415,526,540,579,633,680,718,737],"however":[228],"complex":[230],"between":[232,495,560],"COVID-19,":[235,476,525],"which":[236,405],"complicates":[237],"interpretation":[239],"data.":[243],"They":[244],"share":[245],"same":[249],"risk":[250,368,429,464,521,692],"factors,":[251],"they":[253],"often":[254],"coincide,":[255],"at":[256],"least":[257],"severe":[259,524,651],"COVID-19.":[260,652],"Thus,":[261,653],"even":[262],"though":[263,697],"it":[264,301,717],"widely":[266],"accepted":[267],"contributor":[271],"as":[276,500,519,707,753,755],"illustrated":[277],"there":[282],"are":[283,329],"several":[285,373,488],"lines":[286],"evidence":[288],"pointing":[289],"death.":[298,695],"combination":[304,655],"two":[307],"(Figure":[308],"1).":[309],"Illustration":[310],"potential":[312,489,577],"underlying":[314,364,735],"increased":[316,367,398,403],"observed":[319,606],"Both":[324],"indirect":[327],"likely":[330],"important.":[331],"Created":[332],"BioRender.":[334],"may":[337],"escalate":[338],"already":[340],"established":[341],"risk,":[343],"early":[345],"data":[346,486],"China":[348],"show":[349],"total":[352],"case":[353],"rate":[355],"almost":[357],"five":[358],"times":[359],"higher":[360],"CVD.":[365],"confirmed":[371],"studies.":[374],"The":[375,452,558,593,625],"system":[377],"broadly":[379],"affected":[380],"infection,":[383],"both":[384,549],"directly,":[385],"infecting":[388],"heart,":[391],"causing":[392],"myocardial":[393],"inflammation,":[394,399],"indirectly,":[396],"through":[397,536],"endothelial":[400],"dysfunction,":[401],"thrombogenicity,":[404],"can":[406,612],"all":[407],"lead":[408],"events.":[411],"interaction":[414,494,559],"supported":[416],"national":[419],"US":[420],"database":[422],"study,":[423],"reporting":[424],"increases":[427,690],"20":[431],"CVDs,":[433],"including":[434,645],"cerebrovascular":[435],"disorders,":[436],"ischaemic":[437],"heart":[438,440,551],"disease,":[439,444],"failure,":[441],"thromboembolic":[443],"for":[445,491,523,543],"up":[446],"1":[448],"year":[449],"infection.":[451],"risks":[453],"evident":[455],"regardless":[456],"age,":[458],"race,":[459],"sex,":[460],"other":[462,677],"factors":[465],"importantly":[467],"included":[468],"people":[469],"without":[470],"any":[471],"prior":[474],"supporting":[477],"strong":[479],"association.2":[480],"others":[483],"provided":[485],"CVD,":[498],"such":[499],"alterations":[501,611],"fibrogenesis,":[503],"persistently":[504],"enhanced":[505],"immune":[506,601],"activation,":[507],"altered":[509,586,660],"gut":[510],"microbiome.":[511],"recently":[513],"showed":[514],"CXCR6,":[516],"previously":[517],"identified":[518],"allele":[522],"associated":[527],"hospitalized":[532],"patients,":[533],"potentially":[534,676],"mediated":[535],"cardiac":[537],"involvement.":[538],"CXCR6":[539],"receptor":[542],"CXCL16,":[544],"predictor":[546],"failure":[552],"atherosclerosis-driven":[554],"acute":[555],"coronary":[556],"syndromes.":[557],"needs":[567],"further":[568],"investigation.":[569],"Another":[570],"striking":[571],"finding,":[572],"example":[575],"causality,":[578],"our":[580,758],"observation":[581],"had":[585,596],"LDL":[587,594,631,662],"particles":[588,595,616,632],"3":[589],"months":[590],"hospitalization.":[592],"imprinted":[597],"fragments":[598],"innate":[600],"activation":[602],"antibodies":[604],"not":[605,682],"healthy":[608],"controls.3":[609],"These":[610],"possibly":[613],"render":[614],"more":[617],"inflammatory":[618],"pro-atherogenic,":[620],"increasing":[621],"risk.":[624],"fact":[626],"turnover":[629],"2\u20133":[634],"days":[635],"points":[636],"sustained":[639],"alteration":[640],"vascular":[643],"system,":[644],"lipoprotein":[646],"metabolism,":[647],"individuals":[649],"persistent":[657],"inflammation":[658],"atherogenic":[661],"particle":[663],"phenotype,":[664],"could,":[665],"particularly":[666],"pre-disposed":[668],"individuals,":[669,752],"promote":[670],"acceleration":[672],"atherosclerosis":[674],"CVDs.":[678],"It":[679],"still":[681],"known":[683],"how":[684],"what":[687],"degree":[688],"Even":[696],"acknowledge":[699],"importance":[701],"care,":[706],"described":[708],"al.,":[712],"considering":[713],"current":[715],"literature,":[716],"unwise":[719],"ignore":[721],"possible":[723],"suggested":[725],"us":[727],"others.":[730],"Improved":[731],"knowledge":[732],"about":[733],"warranted":[738],"will":[740,756],"provide":[741],"tools":[743],"COVID-19-affected":[751],"well":[754],"improve":[757],"ability":[759],"meet":[761],"new":[762],"pandemics":[763],"amended":[765],"knowledge.":[766],"South-Eastern":[767],"Regional":[769],"Health":[770],"Authority":[771],"(grant":[772],"numbers":[773],"2021071":[774],"2020047).":[776]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2023-11-21T00:00:00"}
