{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388761990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","title":"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f (19)","display_name":"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f (19)","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388761990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.61353/ma.0040329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","pdf_url":"https://j.alalamain.edu.iq/index.php/almahad/article/download/348/378","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4389157706","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f","issn_l":"2518-5519","issn":["2518-5519","3005-3587"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://j.alalamain.edu.iq/index.php/almahad/article/download/348/378","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094263775","display_name":"Wafaa NAJM","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-3179","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-3179"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126633494","display_name":"University of Basrah","ror":"https://ror.org/00840ea57","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0645.\u062f. \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0645","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 - \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094263775"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126633494"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"5","first_page":"329","last_page":"362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14443","display_name":"COVID-19, Geopolitics, Technology, Migration","score":0.7890999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14443","display_name":"COVID-19, Geopolitics, Technology, Migration","score":0.7890999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.18199999630451202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13055","display_name":"Global Security and Public Health","score":0.021800000220537186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-relations","display_name":"international relations","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/future-of-international-relations","display_name":"future of international relations","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/great-power-competition","display_name":"great power competition","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-china-relations","display_name":"US-China relations","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rise-of-china","display_name":"China's rise","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peaceful-rise","display_name":"peaceful rise","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russia-china-relations","display_name":"Russia-China relations","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-china-relations","display_name":"EU-China relations","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/border-closures","display_name":"border closures","score":0.5220000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3049541711807251}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.61353/ma.0040329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","pdf_url":"https://j.alalamain.edu.iq/index.php/almahad/article/download/348/378","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4389157706","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f","issn_l":"2518-5519","issn":["2518-5519","3005-3587"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.61353/ma.0040329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.61353/ma.0040329","pdf_url":"https://j.alalamain.edu.iq/index.php/almahad/article/download/348/378","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4389157706","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f","issn_l":"2518-5519","issn":["2518-5519","3005-3587"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5217000246047974,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388761990.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388761990.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388577615","https://openalex.org/W7216853073","https://openalex.org/W4390120910","https://openalex.org/W7035221080","https://openalex.org/W6885194165","https://openalex.org/W4400244710","https://openalex.org/W4388577637","https://openalex.org/W4403049975","https://openalex.org/W3114293577","https://openalex.org/W3217549299"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627":[0],"\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629":[2],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[3,46,167,186,215,250,284],"\u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627":[4],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645":[5,48,109],"\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c":[6],"\u0648\u0641\u064a":[7,95,193],"\u0638\u0644":[8],"\u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a":[9],"\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633":[10],"\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627":[11,264],"\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627":[12,292],"\u0628\u0639\u062f":[13,153,296],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a":[14],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629":[15],"\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627":[16],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633":[17,33,52,86,117,173],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[18],"\u0644\u0645":[19],"\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645":[20],"\u0645\u0646\u0647":[21],"\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[22],"\u0645\u0646":[23,49,114,146,198],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644":[24,128,141,270,294],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c":[25],"\u0641\u0642\u062f":[26],"\u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d":[27],"\u0623\u0646":[28,107,136,286],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a":[29,97,138,161,290],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629":[30,98,139,291],"\u0642\u0628\u0644":[31],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[32,51,85,116,155,278],"\u0644\u0646":[34,251],"\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649":[35],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[36],"\u0647\u064a":[37],"\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647":[38],"\u060c":[39,94,104,119,133,157,166,185,192,205,214,220,232,245,256],"\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649":[40],"\u0645\u0627":[41],"\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648":[42],"\u0627\u0646":[43],"\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631":[44],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c":[45],"\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627":[47],"\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621":[50,115],"\u0645\u0646\u0630":[53],"19":[54],"\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631":[55],"2019":[56],"\u062d\u062a\u0649":[57],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a":[58,194],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646":[59],"\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629":[60],"\u0645\u0631\u0639\u0628\u0629":[61],"\u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629":[62],"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621":[63],"\u0643\u0627\u0646":[64],"\u0630\u0644\u0643":[65,224],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[66,71,75,101,169,229,275,288],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[67,72,76],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a":[68],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a":[69],"\u0627\u0645":[70,74],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a":[73],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a":[77],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c":[78],"\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627":[79],"\u0644\u0627":[80],"\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f":[81],"\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644":[82],"\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0643":[83],"\u0628\u0623\u0646":[84],"\u0633\u064a\u0648\u062b\u0631":[87],"\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629":[88],"\u0641\u064a":[89,125,208],"\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629":[90],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629":[91],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629":[92],"\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627":[93],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644":[96,289],"\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627":[99],"\u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636":[100],"\u0648\u062c\u0647":[102],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635":[103],"\u0648\u0645\u0646":[105],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646":[106],"\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647":[108],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[110,143,201],"\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645":[111],"\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a":[112],"\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f":[113],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644":[118],"\u0648\u0645\u0627":[120],"\u0633\u064a\u062d\u062f\u0629":[121],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b":[122],"\u0647\u0648":[123],"\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631":[124],"\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a":[126],"\u0646\u0638\u0631":[127,145],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629":[129,175],"\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647":[130,176],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629":[131,177],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649":[132],"\u0623\u064a":[134,242],":":[135],"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649":[137],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[140,150,162,237,269,293],"\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c":[142],"\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629":[144],"\u062d\u064a\u062b":[147],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a":[148],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a":[149],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c":[151],"\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f":[152],"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621":[154],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0621":[156],"\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649":[158],"\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644":[159],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644":[160],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a":[163,182],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629":[164,183],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646":[165,200,247],"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629":[168],"\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644":[170],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645":[171],"\u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631":[172],"\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621":[174],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c":[178],"\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629":[179],"\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627":[180],"\u0645\u0639":[181,210],"\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b":[184],"\u062d\u0644\u062a":[187],"\u0639\u0646":[188,265],"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627":[189],"\u0648\u0642\u062a\u0643":[190],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629":[191],"\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647":[195],"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643":[196],"\u0643\u0644":[197,223],"\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627":[199],"\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645":[202],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a":[203],"\u0644\u0647\u0627":[204],"\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643":[206],"\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0644":[207],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647":[209],"\u062f\u0648\u0644":[211],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f":[212],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a":[213],"\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a":[216],"\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b":[217],"\u0628\u063a\u0644\u0642":[218],"\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f":[219],"\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641":[221],"\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d":[222],"\u0639\u0628\u0631":[225],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629":[226],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629":[227],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629":[228],"\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a":[230],"\u0639\u062f\u0629":[231],"\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627":[233],"\u0647\u0644":[234],"\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f":[235],"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629":[236,254],"\u0642\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646":[238],"\u0647\u0645\u0627":[239],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629":[240,243,248],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629":[241],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629":[244],"\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646":[246],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c":[249],"\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646":[252],"\u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629":[253],"\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629":[255],"\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627":[257],"\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f":[258],"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646":[259],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u061f":[260],"\u0648\u0647\u0644":[261],"\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641":[262],"\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629":[263],"\u0642\u0648\u0629":[266],"\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645":[267],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646":[268],"\u0648\u0642\u062a":[271],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a":[272],"\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b":[273],"\u0623\u0645":[274],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633":[276],"\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d":[277],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645":[279],"\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641":[280],"\u0648\u0647\u0634\u061f":[281],"\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a":[282],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a":[283],"\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646":[285],"\u0646\u0637\u0631\u0627":[287],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649":[295],"\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f":[297],"(19).":[298]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2023-11-18T00:00:00"}