{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388693094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","title":"An International Survey of BDSM Practitioner Demographics: The Evolution of Purpose for, Participation in, and Engagement with, Kink Activities","display_name":"An International Survey of BDSM Practitioner Demographics: The Evolution of Purpose for, Participation in, and Engagement with, Kink Activities","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388693094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37967131"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177222959","display_name":"The Journal of Sex Research","issn_l":"0022-4499","issn":["0022-4499","1559-8519"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Sex Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067855183","display_name":"Bryce Garreth Westlake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-028X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-028X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bryce Westlake","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Jose State University","Department of Justice Studies, San Jose State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-028X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Jose State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Justice Studies, San Jose State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092310641","display_name":"Isabella Mahan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabella Mahan","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Jose State University","Department of Justice Studies, San Jose State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Jose State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Justice Studies, San Jose State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067855183"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.433,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96332935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"3","first_page":"341","last_page":"359"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13632","display_name":"Marriage and Sexual Relationships","score":0.7734000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13632","display_name":"Marriage and Sexual Relationships","score":0.7734000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12335","display_name":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","score":0.21240000426769257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11350","display_name":"Sex work and related issues","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bdsm","display_name":"BDSM","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinks","display_name":"kinks","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-exploration","display_name":"sexual exploration","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-orientation","display_name":"sexual orientation","score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-identity","display_name":"sexual identity","score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-minorities","display_name":"sexual minorities","score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transgender-people","display_name":"transgender people","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-comparison","display_name":"cross-cultural comparison","score":0.32199999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6613290905952454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780084366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demographics","level":2,"score":0.6453251242637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777997956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17888","display_name":"Sexual orientation","level":2,"score":0.5045725107192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4704289436340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23563998937606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.10894420742988586}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008398","descriptor_name":"Masochism","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012725","descriptor_name":"Sexual Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012725","descriptor_name":"Sexual Behavior","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2023.2273266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177222959","display_name":"The Journal of Sex Research","issn_l":"0022-4499","issn":["0022-4499","1559-8519"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Sex Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37967131","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37967131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of sex research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502209503","https://openalex.org/W1537487044","https://openalex.org/W1831475266","https://openalex.org/W1945524409","https://openalex.org/W1976514099","https://openalex.org/W1989873754","https://openalex.org/W2001307716","https://openalex.org/W2005345685","https://openalex.org/W2015170893","https://openalex.org/W2043439818","https://openalex.org/W2089589173","https://openalex.org/W2117009621","https://openalex.org/W2126054297","https://openalex.org/W2129714527","https://openalex.org/W2133992209","https://openalex.org/W2146869006","https://openalex.org/W2149564920","https://openalex.org/W2159948709","https://openalex.org/W2160122895","https://openalex.org/W2252040096","https://openalex.org/W2335754293","https://openalex.org/W2396064510","https://openalex.org/W2460365853","https://openalex.org/W2473016069","https://openalex.org/W2498180044","https://openalex.org/W2574209046","https://openalex.org/W2598427317","https://openalex.org/W2735735502","https://openalex.org/W2737932074","https://openalex.org/W2744014238","https://openalex.org/W2773439501","https://openalex.org/W2800351151","https://openalex.org/W2883507191","https://openalex.org/W2911626531","https://openalex.org/W2913120172","https://openalex.org/W2914209921","https://openalex.org/W2914567282","https://openalex.org/W2940729213","https://openalex.org/W2947262633","https://openalex.org/W2963970105","https://openalex.org/W2980949314","https://openalex.org/W3006378547","https://openalex.org/W3028819741","https://openalex.org/W3042885770","https://openalex.org/W3086487290","https://openalex.org/W3113360509","https://openalex.org/W3120151615","https://openalex.org/W3129994387","https://openalex.org/W3132787850","https://openalex.org/W3133364299","https://openalex.org/W3134085973","https://openalex.org/W3135567850","https://openalex.org/W3180390290","https://openalex.org/W3183697146","https://openalex.org/W4205534274","https://openalex.org/W4205665049","https://openalex.org/W4205714825","https://openalex.org/W4214502042","https://openalex.org/W4284670606","https://openalex.org/W4377037376","https://openalex.org/W4379648504","https://openalex.org/W4387652825"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2914209921","https://openalex.org/W4205665049","https://openalex.org/W2126054297","https://openalex.org/W4386274901","https://openalex.org/W7119345658","https://openalex.org/W7070451245","https://openalex.org/W2980949314","https://openalex.org/W3092224905","https://openalex.org/W2744014238","https://openalex.org/W3091556643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"general":[1],"proclivities":[2],"for":[3,25,107,119,134,183],"BDSM":[4,20,37,56,69,83,94,135,148,165,187,196],"participation":[5,57],"have":[6,15],"been":[7,16],"investigated":[8],"in":[9,82,123,147,180,197,244],"various":[10],"countries,":[11],"few":[12,130],"large-scale":[13],"studies":[14],"conducted":[17],"specifically":[18],"with":[19,96,149],"practitioners,":[21,38],"which":[22],"would":[23],"allow":[24],"more":[26,105,117,164],"in-depth":[27],"analyses":[28,63],"of":[29,35,41,55,102,115,177,195,210,220,231,237],"participation.":[30],"Through":[31],"an":[32],"online":[33],"survey":[34],"810":[36],"the":[39,47,140,171,193,208,229],"predictability":[40],"demographics":[42,131],"and":[43,53,61,109,111,170,173,202,213,222,228,239],"BDSM-related":[44,242],"traits":[45],"on":[46,216],"who,":[48],"what,":[49],"when,":[50],"where,":[51],"why,":[52],"how":[54],"were":[58],"examined.":[59],"Descriptive":[60],"regression":[62],"led":[64],"to":[65,80,192],"six":[66],"findings.":[67],"First,":[68],"is":[70,84],"practiced":[71],"globally":[72],"by":[73],"a":[74,85,100,113,156,161],"heterogeneous":[75],"group.":[76],"Second,":[77],"learning":[78],"about":[79],"participating":[81],"stepwise":[86],"progression":[87],"occurring":[88],"over":[89],"years.":[90],"Third,":[91],"pathways":[92],"into":[93,186],"vary":[95],"self-introduction,":[97],"often":[98],"as":[99,112,128,160,235],"form":[101,114],"sexual":[103,198,200,221],"exploration,":[104],"common":[106,118,142],"adolescents,":[108],"friends/partners,":[110],"self-growth,":[116],"those":[120],"introduced":[121],"later":[122],"life.":[124],"Fourth,":[125],"historically":[126],"viewed":[127],"sex-driven,":[129],"predicted":[132],"purpose":[133],"participation,":[136,217],"while":[137],"enjoyment/fun":[138],"was":[139],"most":[141],"motivation.":[143],"Fifth,":[144],"practitioners":[145],"participate":[146],"multiple":[150,241],"others":[151],"beyond":[152],"intimate":[153],"partners,":[154],"suggesting":[155],"communal":[157],"element.":[158],"Sixth,":[159],"person":[162],"gains":[163],"experience,":[166],"their":[167],"purpose/motivation":[168],"evolves":[169],"frequency":[172],"\"risk\"":[174],"(i.e.":[175],"edge-play)":[176],"activities":[178],"participated":[179],"increases.":[181],"Implications":[182],"further":[184],"research":[185],"sub-culture":[188],"are":[189],"discussed,":[190],"relating":[191],"role":[194],"practice,":[199],"orientation,":[201],"leisure":[203],"(hobby)":[204],"activity":[205],"identity":[206],"formation,":[207],"impact":[209],"geographic,":[211],"racial,":[212],"generational":[214],"differences":[215],"differing":[218],"experiences":[219],"gender":[223],"minorities":[224],"(e.g.":[225],"transgender,":[226],"pansexual),":[227],"importance":[230],"BDSM-specific":[232],"measures,":[233],"such":[234],"years":[236],"experience":[238],"occupying":[240],"roles,":[243],"analyses.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2023-11-16T00:00:00"}