{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388599629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","title":"Golf skill learning: An external focus of attention enhances performance and motivation","display_name":"Golf skill learning: An external focus of attention enhances performance and motivation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388599629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37952707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131954271","display_name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","issn_l":"1469-0292","issn":["1469-0292","1878-5476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004863670","display_name":"JongSeong An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-863X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-863X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83015752","display_name":"Busan University of Foreign Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/0455zdm83","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83015752"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jongseong An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Busan University of Foreign Studies, South Korea. Electronic address: dragonjosh@bufs.ac.kr","Busan University of Foreign Studies, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-863X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Busan University of Foreign Studies, South Korea. Electronic address: dragonjosh@bufs.ac.kr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83015752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Busan University of Foreign Studies, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83015752"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038842110","display_name":"Gabriele Wulf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-6962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-6962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133999245","display_name":"University of Nevada, Las Vegas","ror":"https://ror.org/0406gha72","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133999245"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Wulf","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-6962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133999245"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004863670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83015752"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7961,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97076843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":null,"first_page":"102563","last_page":"102563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13224","display_name":"Sports and Physical Education Research","score":0.007699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-focus-of-attention","display_name":"external attention","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-focus-of-attention","display_name":"internal focus","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-skill-learning","display_name":"motor skill learning","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-affect","display_name":"positive affect","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-affect","display_name":"negative affect","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-theory","display_name":"optimal theory","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer","display_name":"transfer","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivation","display_name":"motivation","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8507254123687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7226392030715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.675753116607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6418175101280212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107690735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852461","display_name":"Motor learning","level":2,"score":0.6393603086471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5050955414772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191160116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3423709","display_name":"Regulatory focus theory","level":3,"score":0.4537827968597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.43510133028030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.42069000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169976356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13208902","display_name":"Motor skill","level":2,"score":0.4171196222305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.39800629019737244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3730104863643646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2898889183998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.09110072255134583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07550856471061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07362639904022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001288","descriptor_name":"Attention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006055","descriptor_name":"Golf","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131954271","display_name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","issn_l":"1469-0292","issn":["1469-0292","1878-5476"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37952707","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37952707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4156000018119812,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1269562257","https://openalex.org/W1883157101","https://openalex.org/W1963962523","https://openalex.org/W1979599684","https://openalex.org/W1981123455","https://openalex.org/W1983888437","https://openalex.org/W1990341118","https://openalex.org/W1996255570","https://openalex.org/W2000075291","https://openalex.org/W2003565334","https://openalex.org/W2003592723","https://openalex.org/W2008251219","https://openalex.org/W2012564476","https://openalex.org/W2025846842","https://openalex.org/W2032434862","https://openalex.org/W2037457092","https://openalex.org/W2044201858","https://openalex.org/W2046329526","https://openalex.org/W2046937901","https://openalex.org/W2050686540","https://openalex.org/W2069423270","https://openalex.org/W2095676919","https://openalex.org/W2109780179","https://openalex.org/W2122471052","https://openalex.org/W2128165162","https://openalex.org/W2128238934","https://openalex.org/W2128991176","https://openalex.org/W2133081723","https://openalex.org/W2133540180","https://openalex.org/W2148713704","https://openalex.org/W2157587268","https://openalex.org/W2161995718","https://openalex.org/W2165650174","https://openalex.org/W2167786146","https://openalex.org/W2172195488","https://openalex.org/W2237232123","https://openalex.org/W2241306465","https://openalex.org/W2292147667","https://openalex.org/W2297586967","https://openalex.org/W2342925794","https://openalex.org/W2502880806","https://openalex.org/W2567822656","https://openalex.org/W2606936308","https://openalex.org/W2728688179","https://openalex.org/W2784021288","https://openalex.org/W2806230576","https://openalex.org/W2938000041","https://openalex.org/W2955809987","https://openalex.org/W2965789278","https://openalex.org/W3044248990","https://openalex.org/W3141223447","https://openalex.org/W3198659922","https://openalex.org/W3210913597","https://openalex.org/W3216093179","https://openalex.org/W4309929504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556635637","https://openalex.org/W2893128593","https://openalex.org/W2003565334","https://openalex.org/W2122336443","https://openalex.org/W1971889839","https://openalex.org/W1872115180","https://openalex.org/W2133081723","https://openalex.org/W1916103087","https://openalex.org/W2109780179","https://openalex.org/W2593588807"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2023-11-12T00:00:00"}
