{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388596281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","title":"Mortality after cardiovascular surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention prior to versus during the COVID-19 pandemic","display_name":"Mortality after cardiovascular surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention prior to versus during the COVID-19 pandemic","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388596281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-pdf/44/Supplement_2/ehad655.3026/53590043/ehad655.3026.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-pdf/44/Supplement_2/ehad655.3026/53590043/ehad655.3026.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Chu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147079","display_name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05p6rhy72","country_code":"CA","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057657842","display_name":"X Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147079","display_name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05p6rhy72","country_code":"CA","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065112154","display_name":"J. Michael Paterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1178-8777","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1178-8777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147079","display_name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05p6rhy72","country_code":"CA","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J M Paterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026748610","display_name":"Michael P. Hillmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-5561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-5561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257646","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1v3r89","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257646"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Hillmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontario Ministry of Health , Toronto , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Ministry of Health , Toronto , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257646"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084725905","display_name":"Kamil Malikov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-7403","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-7403"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257646","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05h1v3r89","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257646"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Malikov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ontario Ministry of Health , Toronto , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ontario Ministry of Health , Toronto , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257646"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054561346","display_name":"Douglas S. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7078-745X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7078-745X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147079","display_name":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05p6rhy72","country_code":"CA","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D S Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences , Toronto , Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4238,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4584},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1203,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3746749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"Supplement_2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11296","display_name":"COVID-19 and healthcare impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11296","display_name":"COVID-19 and healthcare impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11055","display_name":"Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-surgery","display_name":"cardiovascular surgery","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percutaneous-coronary-intervention","display_name":"percutaneous coronary intervention","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-bypass-grafting","display_name":"coronary artery bypass grafting","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/30-day-mortality","display_name":"30-day mortality","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excess-mortality","display_name":"excess mortality","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-service-disruption","display_name":"healthcare disruption","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontario","display_name":"Ontario","score":0.656000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9680815935134888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780400711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2008344","display_name":"Percutaneous coronary intervention","level":3,"score":0.8067979216575623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45393284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191012","display_name":"Conventional PCI","level":3,"score":0.7445902824401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.705420732498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5858815908432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.5521336197853088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5106425881385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.5011444091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.48355504870414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.43289974331855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.34143561124801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.30348360538482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500558357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12152","display_name":"Myocardial infarction","level":2,"score":0.22610357403755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.09283125400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.06900361180305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-pdf/44/Supplement_2/ehad655.3026/53590043/ehad655.3026.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehad655.3026","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-pdf/44/Supplement_2/ehad655.3026/53590043/ehad655.3026.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S181568219","display_name":"European Heart Journal","issn_l":"0195-668X","issn":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Heart Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388596281.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388596281.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7134971633","https://openalex.org/W3093425160","https://openalex.org/W4207022064","https://openalex.org/W3175099330","https://openalex.org/W4414181877","https://openalex.org/W3176027762","https://openalex.org/W4297250523","https://openalex.org/W3201963332","https://openalex.org/W4412703185","https://openalex.org/W3173674381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"The":[2],"COVID-19":[3,63,320],"pandemic":[4,203,253,306,321],"disrupted":[5],"the":[6,62,120,132,160,172,175,180,185,200,218,252,305,319,346,348],"usual":[7],"delivery":[8],"of":[9,32,72,162,291,351],"health":[10],"care":[11],"services":[12],"globally.":[13],"However,":[14],"little":[15],"is":[16],"known":[17],"about":[18],"its":[19,334],"specific":[20],"impact":[21],"on":[22],"cardiovascular":[23,341],"procedure":[24,83],"rates":[25,31,87,149,209,221,316,339],"and":[26,45,50,77,84,92,103,122,154,190,196,202,207,213,225,230,273,301,314,322],"outcomes.":[27],"Purpose":[28],"To":[29],"compare":[30],"isolated":[33,40],"coronary":[34,47],"artery":[35],"bypass":[36],"graft":[37],"(CABG)":[38],"surgery,":[39],"open":[41],"valve":[42],"surgery":[43],"(iValve)":[44],"percutaneous":[46],"intervention":[48],"(PCI),":[49],"30-day":[51,219,234,256,337],"all-cause":[52],"mortality":[53,148,220,235,257,338],"among":[54,260],"patients":[55,73,117,192,261],"undergoing":[56],"these":[57],"procedures":[58,163,243,342],"before":[59],"versus":[60],"during":[61,251,304,318,345],"pandemic.":[64],"Methods":[65],"We":[66],"undertook":[67],"a":[68],"retrospective":[69],"cohort":[70],"study":[71,186],"aged":[74],"18":[75],"years":[76,332],"older":[78],"in":[79,119,167],"Ontario,":[80,310],"Canada,":[81,311],"comparing":[82],"outcome":[85],"event":[86],"between":[88,99,174],"April":[89,100],"1,":[90,101],"2018":[91],"March":[93,104],"31,":[94,105],"2020":[95,102],"(pre-pandemic)":[96],"with":[97],"those":[98],"2022":[106],"(pandemic).":[107],"Procedures":[108],"were":[109,123,129,144,222],"identified":[110,130],"from":[111,131,239],"hospital":[112],"records,":[113],"available":[114],"for":[115,151],"all":[116],"hospitalized":[118],"province,":[121],"calculated":[124],"per":[125,241,294],"100,000":[126],"population.":[127],"Deaths":[128],"Ontario":[133],"Health":[134],"Insurance":[135],"Plan":[136],"Registered":[137],"Persons":[138],"Database.":[139],"Multivariable":[140],"logistic":[141],"regression":[142],"models":[143],"used":[145],"to":[146,165,248,268,279,287,327],"compute":[147],"adjusted":[150],"relevant":[152],"sociodemographic":[153],"clinical":[155],"characteristics.":[156],"Additionally,":[157],"we":[158],"estimated":[159,289],"number":[161,350],"needed":[164],"result":[166],"one":[168,292],"excess":[169,290],"death":[170,293],"as":[171],"difference":[173],"two":[176,331],"periods":[177],"divided":[178],"by":[179,330],"pre-pandemic":[181,201,247,328],"rate.":[182],"Results":[183],"During":[184],"period,":[187],"24,823,":[188],"7,768":[189],"86,549":[191],"underwent":[193],"CABG,":[194,205,228,312],"iValve":[195,206,229,263,299,313],"PCI":[197,208,274,315],"respectively.":[198,232],"Between":[199],"periods,":[204],"declined":[210],"18.8%,":[211],"19.3%":[212],"14.7%,":[214],"respectively":[215],"(Figure).":[216],"Overall,":[217],"1.9%,":[223],"2.4%":[224],"2.6%":[226],"following":[227,333,340],"PCI,":[231],"Adjusted":[233,255],"after":[236],"CABG":[237,296],"increased":[238,259,344],"1.92":[240],"100":[242],"(95%":[244],"CI":[245],"1.69-2.15)":[246],"2.25":[249,265],"(2.01-2.49)":[250],"(p=0.043).":[254],"also":[258],"receiving":[262],"[from":[264,275],"(1.78,":[266],"2.71)":[267],"3.29":[269],"(2.76,":[270],"3.82);":[271],"p=0.016]":[272],"2.41":[276],"(2.28,":[277],"2.54)":[278],"2.74":[280],"(2.60,":[281],"2.88);":[282],"p<0.001].":[283],"These":[284],"differences":[285],"translate":[286],"an":[288],"303":[295,302],"surgeries,":[297],"96":[298],"surgeries":[300],"PCIs":[303],"period.":[307],"Conclusions":[308],"In":[309],"decreased":[317],"had":[323],"not":[324],"fully":[325],"returned":[326],"levels":[329],"initiation.":[335],"While":[336],"significantly":[343],"pandemic,":[347],"incremental":[349],"additional":[352],"deaths":[353],"was":[354],"small.":[355]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2023-11-12T00:00:00"}