{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388565618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","title":"Forest restoration and fuels reduction work: Different pathways for achieving success in the S ierra N evada","display_name":"Forest restoration and fuels reduction work: Different pathways for achieving success in the S ierra N evada","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388565618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37948058"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/eap.2932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/eap.2932","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166870025","display_name":"Ecological Applications","issn_l":"1051-0761","issn":["1051-0761","1939-5582"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/eap.2932","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000838828","display_name":"Scott L. Stephens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-4485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-4485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Scott L. Stephens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010670382","display_name":"Daniel E. Foster","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel E. Foster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034183141","display_name":"John J. Battles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-7893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-7893"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John J. Battles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080456295","display_name":"Alexis A. Bernal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9949-6346","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9949-6346"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis A. Bernal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051385336","display_name":"Brandon M. Collins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-7502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-7502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandon M. Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Fire Research and Outreach, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region Vallejo California USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Fire Research and Outreach, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region Vallejo California USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002302986","display_name":"R. Frank Hedges","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachelle Hedges","raw_affiliation_strings":["Berkeley Forests, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Berkeley Forests, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081019883","display_name":"Jason J. Moghaddas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason J. Moghaddas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spatial Informatics Group, Pleasanton, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spatial Informatics Group, Pleasanton, California, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056430035","display_name":"Ariel T. Roughton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ariel T. Roughton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Berkeley Forests, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Berkeley Forests, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029451256","display_name":"R.A. York","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1277-8704","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1277-8704"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. York","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000838828"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"apc_paid":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"fwci":5.3615,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97402865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":"e2932","last_page":"e2932"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11753","display_name":"Forest Management and Policy","score":0.014000000432133675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11691","display_name":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-restoration","display_name":"forest restoration","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-reduction","display_name":"fuel reduction","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescribed-burning","display_name":"prescribed burning","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-thinning","display_name":"mechanical thinning","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildfire-hazard","display_name":"wildfire hazard","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-suppression","display_name":"fire suppression","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selective-logging","display_name":"selective logging","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-conifer-forest","display_name":"mixed conifer forest","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-accumulation","display_name":"fuel accumulation","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mastication","display_name":"mastication","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restoration-economics","display_name":"restoration economics","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-land-management","display_name":"Indigenous land management","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sierra-nevada","display_name":"Sierra Nevada","score":0.6269999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140625360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5659355","display_name":"Wildfire suppression","level":3,"score":0.6543267965316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6131105422973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781353100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266974","display_name":"Thinning","level":2,"score":0.5944027304649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122156500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41399","display_name":"Fire protection","level":2,"score":0.4966180920600891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72286879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2589818","display_name":"Prescribed burn","level":2,"score":0.48962312936782837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28631016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372561","display_name":"Forest management","level":2,"score":0.48762503266334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24037442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469194","display_name":"Forest restoration","level":4,"score":0.48089599609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125620115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845249","display_name":"Logging","level":2,"score":0.46225565671920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.4607023298740387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89736061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451644","display_name":"Fire regime","level":3,"score":0.45142003893852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173795300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7406567","display_name":"Salvage logging","level":4,"score":0.45137113332748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.44446706771850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73935091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2249329","display_name":"Forest ecology","level":3,"score":0.42679211497306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987755307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997557","display_name":"Fire hazard","level":2,"score":0.41603395342826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.41494306921958923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.3462422788143158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3098270297050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.24929606914520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.17388403415679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1399361789226532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000075923","descriptor_name":"Wildfires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005390","descriptor_name":"Fires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014197","descriptor_name":"Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017753","descriptor_name":"Ecosystem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065928","descriptor_name":"Forests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/eap.2932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/eap.2932","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166870025","display_name":"Ecological Applications","issn_l":"1051-0761","issn":["1051-0761","1939-5582"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37948058","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37948058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/eap.2932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2932","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/eap.2932","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166870025","display_name":"Ecological Applications","issn_l":"1051-0761","issn":["1051-0761","1939-5582"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333677","display_name":"Office of the President, University of California","ror":"https://ror.org/00dmfq477"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388565618.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388565618.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123806028","https://openalex.org/W195836917","https://openalex.org/W196627448","https://openalex.org/W1571411223","https://openalex.org/W1573417146","https://openalex.org/W1599593916","https://openalex.org/W1600769934","https://openalex.org/W1951564719","https://openalex.org/W1982417446","https://openalex.org/W1985500328","https://openalex.org/W1985952400","https://openalex.org/W1986757744","https://openalex.org/W2015294068","https://openalex.org/W2019880656","https://openalex.org/W2042127370","https://openalex.org/W2047602601","https://openalex.org/W2078449964","https://openalex.org/W2095881123","https://openalex.org/W2096651156","https://openalex.org/W2113508837","https://openalex.org/W2121769725","https://openalex.org/W2125605772","https://openalex.org/W2149682347","https://openalex.org/W2149920440","https://openalex.org/W2151298159","https://openalex.org/W2156015001","https://openalex.org/W2165977355","https://openalex.org/W2169901261","https://openalex.org/W2177974071","https://openalex.org/W2288790050","https://openalex.org/W2330587309","https://openalex.org/W2403926130","https://openalex.org/W2486079185","https://openalex.org/W2530960585","https://openalex.org/W2554372411","https://openalex.org/W2751631291","https://openalex.org/W2762525069","https://openalex.org/W2790091849","https://openalex.org/W2806528672","https://openalex.org/W2883842383","https://openalex.org/W2892223527","https://openalex.org/W2972054727","https://openalex.org/W3035663944","https://openalex.org/W3048147670","https://openalex.org/W3089299428","https://openalex.org/W3094623573","https://openalex.org/W3110844825","https://openalex.org/W3122112472","https://openalex.org/W3184124278","https://openalex.org/W3187377802","https://openalex.org/W3187547767","https://openalex.org/W4205648288","https://openalex.org/W4206360180","https://openalex.org/W4224091837","https://openalex.org/W4280602773","https://openalex.org/W4283823613","https://openalex.org/W4288056741","https://openalex.org/W4306879827","https://openalex.org/W4308946029","https://openalex.org/W4323043806","https://openalex.org/W4384068038","https://openalex.org/W4399591362","https://openalex.org/W6607989046","https://openalex.org/W6894165717","https://openalex.org/W6910889357"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405200429","https://openalex.org/W2096651156","https://openalex.org/W7098912791","https://openalex.org/W2760469518","https://openalex.org/W3208253769","https://openalex.org/W2148900975","https://openalex.org/W338502506","https://openalex.org/W3085360314","https://openalex.org/W2508370525","https://openalex.org/W2137543437"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fire":[0,153,194,243],"suppression":[1],"and":[2,32,69,78,128,132,150,199,220,227,255,297,324,333,342],"past":[3],"selective":[4],"logging":[5],"of":[6,18,57,285,290,321,329],"large":[7],"trees":[8],"have":[9],"fundamentally":[10],"changed":[11],"frequent-fire-adapted":[12],"forests":[13,22,173,336],"in":[14,66,86,224,235,294,307],"California.":[15],"The":[16,114,160,240],"culmination":[17],"these":[19,58],"changes":[20,65],"produced":[21,100,124,139,164],"that":[23,103,116,163,179,217],"are":[24],"vulnerable":[25],"to":[26,44,108,169,189,212,251,258,264,272,339],"catastrophic":[27],"change":[28,37],"by":[29],"wildfire,":[30],"drought,":[31],"bark":[33],"beetles,":[34],"with":[35,301],"climate":[36],"exacerbating":[38],"this":[39,46,182,298],"vulnerability.":[40],"Management":[41],"options":[42],"available":[43],"address":[45],"problem":[47],"include":[48],"mechanical":[49],"treatments":[50,59,94,115,271],"(Mech),":[51],"prescribed":[52,118],"fire":[53,74,119,141],"(Fire),":[54],"or":[55,274],"combinations":[56],"(Mech":[60],"+":[61,98,122,152,176,242],"Fire).":[62],"We":[63],"quantify":[64],"forest":[67,83,101,191,266,279,322],"structure":[68],"composition,":[70],"fuel":[71,130],"accumulation,":[72],"modeled":[73,135,196,237],"behavior,":[75],"intertree":[76,165],"competition,":[77],"economics":[79],"from":[80,278,318],"a":[81,201,209,246],"20-year":[82],"restoration":[84,221,306],"study":[85],"the":[87,111,125,133,147,213,249,256,276,291,302,316,325],"northern":[88],"Sierra":[89],"Nevada.":[90],"All":[91],"three":[92],"active":[93],"(Fire,":[95,120],"Mech,":[96],"Mech":[97,121,138,151,175,216,241],"Fire)":[99,123],"conditions":[102,277],"were":[104],"much":[105,326],"more":[106,187],"resistant":[107],"wildfire":[109,136,197,238],"than":[110,158],"untreated":[112],"control.":[113],"included":[117,218],"lowest":[126,134],"surface":[127],"duff":[129],"loads":[131],"hazards.":[137],"low":[140],"hazards":[142],"beginning":[143],"7":[144],"years":[145,320],"after":[146],"initial":[148],"treatment":[149,162,183,244],"had":[154],"lower":[155],"tree":[156],"growth":[157],"controls.":[159],"only":[161],"competition":[166],"somewhat":[167],"similar":[168],"historical":[170],"California":[171],"mixed-conifer":[172],"was":[174,206,228],"Fire,":[177],"indicating":[178],"stands":[180],"under":[181],"would":[184],"likely":[185],"be":[186,269,340],"resilient":[188],"enhanced":[190],"stressors.":[192],"While":[193],"reduced":[195],"hazard":[198],"reintroduced":[200],"fundamental":[202],"ecosystem":[203],"process,":[204],"it":[205],"done":[207],"at":[208],"net":[210],"cost":[211],"landowner.":[214],"Using":[215],"mastication":[219],"thinning":[222],"resulted":[223],"positive":[225],"revenues":[226],"also":[229],"relatively":[230],"strong":[231],"as":[232,288],"an":[233],"investment":[234],"reducing":[236],"hazard.":[239],"represents":[245],"compromise":[247],"between":[248],"desire":[250,257],"sustain":[252],"financial":[253],"feasibility":[254],"reintroduce":[259],"fire.":[260],"One":[261],"key":[262,292],"component":[263],"long-term":[265],"conservation":[267],"will":[268,337],"continued":[270],"maintain":[273],"improve":[275],"restoration.":[280],"Many":[281],"Indigenous":[282,330],"people":[283],"speak":[284],"\"active":[286],"stewardship\"":[287],"one":[289],"principles":[293],"land":[295],"management":[296],"aligns":[299],"well":[300],"need":[303],"for":[304],"increased":[305],"western":[308],"US":[309],"forests.":[310],"If":[311],"we":[312],"do":[313],"not":[314],"use":[315],"knowledge":[317],"20+":[319],"research":[323],"longer":[327],"tradition":[328],"cultural":[331],"practices":[332],"knowledge,":[334],"frequent-fire":[335],"continue":[338],"degraded":[341],"lost.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2023-11-11T00:00:00"}