{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388543232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","title":"Transition (From Sport) Experiences of Former National Football League Players: An NFL-LONG Study","display_name":"Transition (From Sport) Experiences of Former National Football League Players: An NFL-LONG Study","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388543232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765043327","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology","issn_l":"1932-9261","issn":["1932-9261","1932-927X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018277917","display_name":"J.D. DeFreese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-0699","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-0699"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.D. DeFreese","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-0699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091384610","display_name":"Erianne A. Weight","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-6730","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-6730"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erianne A. Weight","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-6730","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045111030","display_name":"Landon Bryce Lempke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-1362","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-1362"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Landon B. Lempke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-1362","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023907636","display_name":"Samuel R. Walton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2647-5701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2647-5701"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel R. Walton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2647-5701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032856483","display_name":"Zachary Y. Kerr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-1259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-1259"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zachary Yukio Kerr","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-1259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058157524","display_name":"Benjamin L. Brett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-4658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-4658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204308271","display_name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","ror":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin L. Brett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-4658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034254961","display_name":"Avinash S. Chandran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-3668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-3668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137707","display_name":"Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/03q5f0t83","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137707"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avinash Chandran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-3668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137707"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049338127","display_name":"Rebekah Mannix","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-2792","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-2792"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebekah Mannix","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-2792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004028726","display_name":"Ruben J. Echemend\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-8462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-8462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127906","display_name":"University Orthopedics Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03khf7306","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75421653","display_name":"University of Missouri\u2013Kansas City","ror":"https://ror.org/01w0d5g70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75421653"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruben J. Echemendia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Orthopedics Center Concussion Clinic, State College, PA, USA","University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6116-8462","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Orthopedics Center Concussion Clinic, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Missouri\u2014Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75421653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018437283","display_name":"Michael McCrea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-9475","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-9475"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204308271","display_name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","ror":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. McCrea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-9475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204308271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115588848","display_name":"William Paul Meehan   III","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1025-4015","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1025-4015"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288882113","display_name":"Boston Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William P. Meehan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288882113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027430989","display_name":"Kevin M. Guskiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8682-2130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8682-2130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin M. Guskiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8682-2130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19569634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"78","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11246","display_name":"Sports injuries and prevention","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Physical Education and Sports Studies","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-from-sport","display_name":"transition from sport","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/former-nfl-players","display_name":"former NFL players","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-football","display_name":"professional football","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-transition","display_name":"career change","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-support","display_name":"social support","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-planning","display_name":"career planning","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"identity","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/well-being","display_name":"well-being","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207456731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660818","display_name":"League","level":2,"score":0.8383949398994446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.7883310317993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6819514036178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5023562908172607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017797855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937857","display_name":"Football players","level":3,"score":0.48294371366500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1805236041545868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2023-0011","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765043327","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology","issn_l":"1932-9261","issn":["1932-9261","1932-927X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48778679","https://openalex.org/W97817233","https://openalex.org/W591067500","https://openalex.org/W606392259","https://openalex.org/W1483561745","https://openalex.org/W1532574635","https://openalex.org/W1541081301","https://openalex.org/W1789819386","https://openalex.org/W1921361817","https://openalex.org/W1930065152","https://openalex.org/W1964445215","https://openalex.org/W1979868892","https://openalex.org/W2003446812","https://openalex.org/W2039827470","https://openalex.org/W2046112520","https://openalex.org/W2062385087","https://openalex.org/W2066633332","https://openalex.org/W2067404301","https://openalex.org/W2075160426","https://openalex.org/W2110183124","https://openalex.org/W2119999693","https://openalex.org/W2123674272","https://openalex.org/W2301615048","https://openalex.org/W2319213145","https://openalex.org/W2319884324","https://openalex.org/W2325558131","https://openalex.org/W2334524372","https://openalex.org/W2335841795","https://openalex.org/W2476164341","https://openalex.org/W2583945209","https://openalex.org/W2602930719","https://openalex.org/W2728821153","https://openalex.org/W2744415556","https://openalex.org/W2768723016","https://openalex.org/W2795488263","https://openalex.org/W2802087961","https://openalex.org/W2945400873","https://openalex.org/W2947755627","https://openalex.org/W2998777562","https://openalex.org/W3003696205","https://openalex.org/W3117968376","https://openalex.org/W3120167993","https://openalex.org/W3121508402","https://openalex.org/W3122399476","https://openalex.org/W3151859741","https://openalex.org/W3152747784","https://openalex.org/W4205735016","https://openalex.org/W4210376606","https://openalex.org/W4221118305","https://openalex.org/W4235576743","https://openalex.org/W4242304040","https://openalex.org/W4249354547","https://openalex.org/W4253313034","https://openalex.org/W4253579841","https://openalex.org/W4316661295","https://openalex.org/W4367301936","https://openalex.org/W4404193879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598446638","https://openalex.org/W4221118305","https://openalex.org/W6908068707","https://openalex.org/W3139180837","https://openalex.org/W2898946218","https://openalex.org/W7038787908","https://openalex.org/W2561933823","https://openalex.org/W3117968376","https://openalex.org/W2947014909","https://openalex.org/W6995747717"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transition":[0],"from":[1,32,55,154],"professional":[2],"football":[3],"life":[4],"has":[5],"important":[6],"implications":[7],"for":[8,144],"the":[9,89],"health":[10,60],"and":[11,38,61,78,122,129],"well-being":[12,151],"of":[13,30,50,59,82],"former":[14,26,51,66],"National":[15],"Football":[16],"League":[17],"(NFL)":[18],"players.":[19],"The":[20,109],"study":[21,45,58],"purpose":[22],"was":[23],"to":[24,93,147],"examine":[25],"NFL":[27,52,67,149],"players\u2019":[28],"experiences":[29],"transitioning":[31],"sport":[33],"including":[34],"factors":[35,39,113,136],"that":[36,40,114,137],"helped":[37,115],"made":[41,138],"transition":[42,95,116,119,139,153],"difficult.":[43,140],"This":[44],"used":[46],"a":[47,56,79],"convenience":[48],"sample":[49],"players":[53],"drawn":[54],"larger":[57],"function.":[62],"Participants":[63,91],"included":[64,117],"1,784":[65],"players,":[68],"mean":[69,81],"age":[70],"=":[71],"52.3":[72],"\u00b1":[73,84],"16.3":[74],"years,":[75],"59%":[76],"White,":[77],"discontinuation":[80],"24.0":[83],"15.6":[85],"years":[86],"after":[87],"leaving":[88],"league.":[90],"responded":[92],"open-ended":[94],"questions":[96],"via":[97],"mail":[98],"or":[99],"electronic":[100],"questionnaire":[101],"with":[102],"responses":[103],"analyzed":[104],"using":[105],"conceptual":[106],"content":[107],"analysis.":[108],"most":[110],"frequently":[111],"reported":[112,134],"career":[118],"plan/options":[120],"(48%)":[121],"social":[123],"support":[124],"(40%).":[125],"Whereas,":[126],"structure-":[127],"(33%)":[128],"identity-related":[130],"(23%)":[131],"difficulties":[132],"were":[133],"as":[135],"Findings":[141],"identify":[142],"areas":[143],"targeted":[145],"interventions":[146],"enhance":[148],"player":[150],"during":[152],"sport.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2023-11-10T00:00:00"}
